European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - August 16, 1945, Darmstadt, Hesse                                The and set f Ope unknown to most at the Lime of Pearl sums tip the Story of to the Pacific phrase is amphibious of it Means the ability to troops against strongly Forti coasts and wrest them from my it Means the Comben of tand and air Power in precise coordination never be seen in although history books can cite taaajy1 previous landings in enemy never were there so in such Short time As in sweep across the a and never were invasions successfully carried out against firmly defended started Al Iii americas first amphibious land was made at Guadalcanal in the technique was along the new Guinea at Tarawa the mar in the the Philip iwo Okinawa and attune sixty other places along the path from Hawaii to japanese to the mesons in Island hopping added the techniques proved North Anglo and Normandy the series of Pacific necessary to establish and bases along the route to the marshalls and Guam be great naval stations Sai iwo and Okinawa provided Lor the bombing of Span the Philippines gave the mass and harbours from direct assault against Hiro Homeland could be mount other bases were taken potential thorns in the followed a pattern operations followed that even the japanese to understand enemy Learned to worry invasion when planes from Carrier Armada appearing bomb airfields and military install and sealing off possible Bat then the mighty guns and cruisers took pour no tons of shells onto Strong Points while Lyls away with when darting toward the the Beach was cleared Craft moved Laden with and thousands pieces of equipment needs the Inland Mastery essential factors contributed the these Island drawn out Cam proved the need for com and air Mastery around Battle Tarawa taught the of unrelenting bombardment adv since problem of coordinating All the Landing Craft a capes to a sad the invaders dash this photo was taken i ism where marines met Rimu resistance on As Mochty battleships throw enemy amphibious draft Lor sen air bombardment Wrally proceeded s r numbers Are nosed to the Beach with weapons applicator the to d this and the photo at right were Lyte to the Supply bases on the Waters Edge supplies moving in the of to Hammer at japans front american forces had first to ship across thousands of Miles of Ocean such things As Cotton Wandet shirts and pounds of fresh and cured meats that what much smaller in or enough fuel to fill 238 Miles of Railroad tank cars that what our huge Fleet needed in for its 1945 they had to be Able to unload in the within 60 Days after storming their More freight than was set Down on san Francisco docks in the entire year of than aside from supplies for com Bat the Success of american oper in the face of the great distances hinged on the establishing of chains of air and naval bases from which to stage attacks and Australia and new Caledonia were the Only available bases for Southwest Pacific operations first and Pearl Harbor waste Only effective base for Central Pacific the ladder of Supply was built by acquisition of hard won islands inthe the and finally in the american troops and equipment were brought up to the front door of Japan across the entire breadth of the 8 months since Pearl Harbor Japan ran up the White Flag eight months and three Days after the sneak attack on Pearl in the words of the president Roose that will live in infamy Days after the atomic bomb made its two Days after Russia declared War on new weapons seeded yanks toward Tokyo the Progress of american forces to the Island hopping Campaign toward Tokyo was marked at almost each major step of the Way by the introduction of new weapons into the Basic pattern of amphibious japanese prisoners on Guam and Saipan stared in amazement i when they saw their first the Long amphibious vehicles used primarily for hauling there is also the amphibious jeep and its the slightly larger the chattering Power rockets was added the amphibious team at Cape new i sea and land factors in an operation was Stopwatch some pm were assigned to the for from some from the some from coast it almost in Supply sgd Ocks and maintenance Tasat Ena Wedi the fighting Ain ate for months possible to Spring in invasion with few Jap used in 1st the japanese achieved their Early victories in the Pacific with surprisingly Little manpower and equip although their total forces at the beginning of 1842 was estimated at it is believed that they used Only about men to their entire Pacific in the they greatest they outnumbered american and filipino troops More than three to most of their other victories were achieved against garrisons of fewer than the amphibious assault formula that made it possible to storm fortress like iwo Jima really began at Tarawa what the marines Learned hard Way that costly morning grew the technique that got men and fighting ashore against everything the enemy could at Tarawa warships lasted the Coral Sandspit tons of shells in pre invasion bombard ment planes added700 tons mow of steel and the mile Square Island took 50 pounds of projectiles for every Square but not Wert learning so the assault on Kwajalein the following february the worlds greatest Fleet showed its inns hours before the in More ships the entire american Navy Toad at the wars devastated of  tons o shells zoo1 tons of by the time tue troops had landed the total tonnage was casualties in taking Kwajalein were on half the Cost we were Craft stranded at Tarawa a Southeast wind and drove the water off Shore along most of the North reducing the depth until Many Landing Craft were stranded Over Coral Shoals As far out As in heavily burdened marines went Over the sides into up to some the comparatively few Mph tracs hurdles the reefs and got men these amphibious vehicles came into their own after cargo Aid personnel they have tracks to aur obstacles in the water and to travel on guns of and Mcalier give them the to fight Way the Small Coral Island of Pel Eliu in the Palau group went into Marine history in 1944 As the scene i of some of the bloodiest Battles the 1 corps had Ever leathernecks invaded the Island sept to Clear the right Side of a path for Douglas Mac Arthur from Guinea to the before they won it they had to overcome a f Enjeti counterattack on the beachhead that was one of wars most flight Luff bloody another frightful Battle fought at Boody nose to High the marines first bypassed to secure other parts of the1 Island whim the japanese refused to Proe out of their Moun Tain the marines were forced to fight up through canny defences to exterminate the foe one by while the Telemu Campaign was other on and Konga uru islands in army Gates a Gaur was fierce a the latter islands were relatively but it was almost a month before Banzai charges on by then Marine and Navy casual ties a risen to More than the army on an Gauss Tost the japanese loss in the palais wat civilization Cape Japan lived in bib Arfin the sixth Century when t brought the arts and a Twat to iwo by the Day or the on iwo american a dint exalt had More than