European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - February 5, 1953, Darmstadt, Hesse Page the stars and stripes february 195 Ike vows immediate Steps to balance budget Fontas Extension of Price controls 4 Folly icing is the final instalment of the partial text of president Eisenhower state of the Union message in the entire area of fiscal policy there can now be stated certain Basic facts and first it is axiomatic that our Economy is a highly Complex and sensitive Hasty and ill considered action of any kind could seriously upset the Subtle equation that encompasses defense and the general economic health of the our goals can be our Start toward them can be in action must be second it is Clear that too great a part of the National debt comes in too Short a the depart ment of the Treasury will under take at suitable times a program of extending part of the debt Over longer and gradually placing greater amounts in the hands of ion2erterm third past differences in policy Between the Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board have helped to encourage henceforth i expect that their single purpose shall be to serve the whole nation by policies de signed to stabilize the Economy and encourage the free play of our Peoples Genius for individual character of americans resists direct controls in encouraging this no single item in our current problems has received More thoughtful consideration by my associates and by the Many individuals called into our counsels than the matter of Price and wage control by the great economic strength of our democracy has developed in an atmosphere of the character of our people resists artificial and arbitrary controls of any direct except those on Deal not with the real causes of inflation but Only with its in times of National emergency this kind of control has a role the our whole is based upon the Assumption we should combat wide fluctuations in our Price Structure by relying largely on the effective use of a found fiscal and monetary policy and upon the natural Workings of economic american labor and american business can Best resolve their wage problems across the bargaining the government should refrain from sitting in with them unless in extreme cases the Public welfare requires present situation neither emergency nor peace we Are of course living in an International situation that is neither an emergency demanding full nor is it no one can know How Long this condition will consequent we Are forced to learn Many new things As we go a to n clinging to what discarding what does in All our current discussions on these and related the weight of evidence is clearly against the use of controls in their present they have proved largely unsatisfactory or they have not prevented they have not kept Down the Cost of dissatisfaction with them is wholly i am convinced that Well As in the Long and competitive prices will Best serve the interests of All the and Best meet the desertions in Korea Loir 4 ins the 8th army revealed that about 300 american soldiers have been court articled in Korea for Battlefield desertions or disobedience in the last 18 an official that convictions for cowardice in the korean conflict have been considerably lower than in world War col Robert Lance Fielli of the judge advocate generals office in Seoul said anyone who reads american military history knows that cowardice is an old remember the first Battle of Bull run and Manassas in the civil War As Long As we have we will have incidents like Lancefield disclosed that most of the cowardice convictions in Korea spice the Middle of 1951 involved men of the army 2d inf and 1st Cav similar cases were scattered in lesser number through other army Divi a spokesman for the 1st Marine div said 14 marines were convicted of cowardice during All of he that there were no Marine desertions but Only refusals to obey orders under the air Force revealed that 2 per cent of its airmen refused to Fly in the korean but that most of these men were rehabilitated by psychiatric treat ment and thus escaped court martial the most recent major Case of Battlefield Misbehaviour resulted in convictions of 88 puerto rican soldiers and one officer of the 3d dive 65th 40th div record Best Lancefield said instances of cowardly behaviour under fire in the 65th regt last 3 were the greatest number in such a Small unit Over such a Short period of the colonel disclosed that the highest number of cowardice convictions in total of about in the 1st Cav div in the last 18 this has distinguished itself for bravery in Many Lancefield said the 40th dry formerly California National guard i has the Best record in this with Only two cowardice convictions up to the 45th div formerly Oklahoma National guard had about 12 cases of men convicted of cowardice last july and August after the outfit had engaged in the bloody Battles of old Baldy and Tbone the 45th had suffered Cas Lancefield explained that the 40th and 45th had the lowest number of cowardice convictions in the 18 month period because they have been in Korea the shortest of All the the colonel said prior to the 18month there were cases of Battlefield desertions and Dis obedience in 1950 in the 25th inf a lieutenant in the division was the Only american officer sentenced to death for cowardice in the 1st Cav dive cases of cow Ardice occurred mostly in of november and growing needs of our i do not intend to ask for a renewal of the present and Price controls on april when present legislation in the Steps will be taken to eliminate controls in an orderly and to terminate the special agencies no longer needed for this it is obviously to be expected that the removal of these controls will result in individual Price chances some Bui a maximum of Freedom in Market prices As As in collective bargaining is a characteristic of a truly free i that material and product controls should be except with respect to defense priorities and scarce and critical items essential for our i shall recommend to Congress that legislation be enacted to continue the authority for such remaining controls of this Type As will be necessary after expiration of the existing statute on june 1953 retention of Kent ceilings asked for certain areas i recommend continuance of the authority for Federal control Over rents in those communities in which serious housing shortages these Are chiefly so called defense in and the Federal government should withdraw from the control of rents As soon As but before they Are removed entirely each legislature should have the full Opportunity to take with in its own the responsibility for u it would be Idle to pretend that All our problems in this whole Field of prices will solve themselves by Mere Federal withdrawal from direct we shall have to watch trends if the Freer functioning of our economic As Well As the indirect controls which can be appropriately prove in sufficient during this period of Strain and i shall promptly ask Congress to enact such legislation As May be people deserve efficiency in government in facing All these tax fiscal we remain constantly mindful that the time for sacrifice has not but we Are concerned with the encouragement of competitive Enterprise and individual precisely because we know them to be our nations abiding sources of our vast world responsibility accents with urgency our Peoples elemental right to a government whose Clear qualities Are Economy and the safety of America and the Trust of the people alike demand that the personnel of the Federal government be Loyal in their motives and reliable in the discharge of their Only a combination of both loyalty and reliability promises genuine to state this principle is easy to apply it can be but this Security we and by Way of All principal new appointees to departments and agencies have been investigated at their own request by the Federal Bureau of executive Powers held sufficient for Security confident of your understanding and i know the Pri Mary responsibility for keeping out the disloyal and dangerous rests squarely upon the executive when this Branch so conducts itself As to require policing by an other Branch of the it invites its own disorder and i am determined to meet this responsibility of the the Heads of All executive departments and agencies have been instructed to initiate at once effective pro Grams of Security with respect to their the attorney Gen eral will advise and guide depart ments and agencies in the shaping of these to carry out these programs i believe the Powers of the executive Branch under the existing Law Are if they should prove in adequate the necessary legislation will be guarding civil rights called sacred Trust these programs will be both fair to the rights of individuals and effective for the safety of the a they with care and jus apply the Basic principle that Public employment is not a right but a All these measures have two Clear their first purpose isto make certain that this nations Security is not jeopardized by false their second purpose is to Clear the atmosphere of that unseasoned suspicion that accepts Rumor and gossip As substitutes for our civil and social rights form a Central part of the heritage we Are striving to defend on All fronts and with All our i believe with All my heart that our vigilant guarding of these rights is a sacred obligation binding upon every to be True to ones own Freedom to Honor and respect the Freedom of All a Cardinal Ideal in this heritage we cherish is the Equality of rights of All Cithens of race and color and fight pledged to end segregation in capital we know that discrimination against despite our allegiance to this such to no one Section the but the outward testimony to the persist ence of distrust and of fear in the hearts of this makes All the More vital the righting of these wrongs by each in every station of fully publicized and per honestly pressed and of justly these Are methods familiar to our Way of tested and proven i to use whatever author Ity exists in the office of the pres ident to end segregation in the District of including the Federal and any segregation in the armed increase recommended in Washington Board in the District of serious attention should be Given to the to develop and authorize through legislation a system to provide an effective voice in local while consideration of this i recommend an immediate increase of two in the number of District com missioners to broaden representation of All elements of our Popula this will be a first step to Ward insuring that this capital provide an honoured example to All communities of our in this and by the leadership of the office of the pres exercised through Friendly conferences with those in authority in our states and we expect to make sure and rapid Progress in civil rights and Equality of employment there is one sphere in which civil rights Are inevitably involved in be deity this is sphere of revision advocated in immigration Law it is a Manifest right of our government to limit the number of immigrants our nation can a it is also a Manifest right of our government to set reasonable requirements on the character and numbers of the people who come to share our land and our it is Well for to re Calls for loyalty program with safeguards mind ourselves occasionally of an equally Manifest fact we one and or and daughters of the existing legislation it in Dis i am informed by Mem Bers of the Congress that it was realized at the time of its enact ment that future study of the basis of determining quotas would be i requesting con Gress to review this legislation and to enact a statute that will at one and the same time guard our legitimate National interests and be faithful to our Basic ideas of Freedom and fairness to All in but that of social see most clearly the new application of the old ideas of Freedom Hope depends on Wisdom this administration is profoundly aware of two great needs born of our living in a Complex Industrial first the individual citizen must have safeguards against per Sonal disaster inflicted by forces beyond his second the welfare of the people demands effective and economical performance by the eminent of certain indispensable social we have some of the problems of our people and a portion of the tasks before the Hope of Freedom itself in real upon our our and our we must be Strong in we must be Strong in the source of All our product we foremen and technicians and must produce and produce yet virtue expresses itself at Earth next door we must be Strong above All the spiritual resources upon which All else we must be devoted with All our heart to the values we we must know that each of these values and Virtues applies equal Force at the ends of the Earth and in our relations Witt our neighbor next we must know that Freedom presses itself with equal in the right of workers to strike in the nearby in the yearnings and sufferings of the Peoples of Eastern As our heart summons our our Wisdom must direct there world steady course to be followed be tween an assertion of strength that is truculent and a confession of helplessness that is free men must think in order to win there our affairs at Middle Way Between the Ait tra Meled Freedom of the to div dual and the demands for the welfare of the whole this Way must avoid government by bureaucracy As carefully As Ife avoids neglect of the in every area of political afr Tion free men must think they can expect to in this spirit must we live and labor confident of our compassionate in our Clear in our in this let us together turn to the great tasks
