European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - August 7, 1959, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Many producing Oil Wells Rise above the coastal Waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Oil s Centenary. " front. From Page 11 in most cases powered by Petroleum products. The big Day in the Industry s history was aug. 27, 1859. After numerous delays and financial difficulties the Drake Well reached into a Rock Crevice at a depth of 69% feet. It was a sunday afternoon. Orders had been received to abandon the project Al ready dubbed Drake s  the Dis heartened Drake s chief Driller William a. Uncle Billy Smith peered into the Well. It was just possible. The Long shot paid off. Within a few feet according to Industry chroniclers a dark Green liquid bubbled and frothed. With a crude Bailer Smith lifted several Gallons of Oil to the surface and the Era was born. The Early years of the Industry ran parallel to., the transformation of America from a nation of Small farms and work a Jops to. A land of spreading cities and mushrooming Industrial empires. Of helped Power the transformation. It also supplied kerosene which replaced dwindling supplies of whale Oil in the pre Edison lamps. = 1 speculation marked the Early years of the Industry. The Titusville discovery touched off a scramble for Oil lands that rivalled the Gold Rush. Fortunes were made and lost. Crude Oil prices ran As High As $20 a barrel and As Low As 10 cents. Today crude Oil averages $3.25 barrel. Most of the Early drilling was confined to new York and Pennsylvania. Historians Tell us Wells were drilled on hunches with the advice of spiritualistic mediums and dowsers or just by sailing an old hat into the air and pudding in where i happened to land. Here Are some of the other important dates in the growth of the Industry 1861, first year of the civil War the first ship to carry a cargo of Oil cleared Philadelphia for London. 1863 John d. Rockefeller invested in a new refinery in his Home town of Cleve land Ohio. 1876 Oil went West and was discovered in California. 1890 the Sherman antitrust act led to reorganization of the Rockefeller inter ests into a number of holding companies. 1893 Charles e. Duryea built a horse less carnage by attaching a one Cylinder gasoline engine to an Ordinary buggy this opened up the gasoline Era at a time when kerosene was starting to lose markets be cause of the coming of electricity. " 1901 the Lucas Well at spindle top tex., spewed 75,000 to 100,000 barrels of Oil into the air each Day and opened up � a % j the fabulous East Texas Oil Field. 1903 Orville Wright took off in a Box Kite powered by a gasoline engine at Kitty Hawk . 1914-1918, world War i Oil was used to fuel tanks trucks and planes of mechanized warfare for the first time. 1939-45 by world War ii there was no question about the importance of Oil. It supplied gasoline and lubricants for vehicles was the principal ingredient of synthetic rubber and plastics and even supplied ingredients for Healing salves another medicines. Oil enters its second Century entrench Edas the nation s principal Power source. And despite the growing prominence of nuclear and solar Energy Oil is expected to remain at the top for quite a while to come. These Days it s almost easier to say what in t rather than is affected by  it s used in rocket fuels and ointments food packaging and aesthetics. Petroleum research has produced clothing household furnishings and utensils. Machines which depend on Oil for All of their lubrication and almost three fourths of their fuel now do 99, per cent of the work in this country. Even with the Advent of the atom oilmen see no shortening of Oil s reach. In its first 100 years the Industry produced 6p,30bboq, barrels of  the current rate of production that much Oil could now be produced in a Quarter Century ,. Oil. Economists expect demand will be such that production easily will double inthe next 15 years Oil has transformed the face of America. Refineries representing an investment of More than $11 billion Dot the nation. Nearly 200.000 service stations ring up annual sales of .$14,500,000,000. More than200,000 Miles of Oil and.500,000 Miles of Gas pipelines criss Cross the country. All this is in addition to the millions of Miles of highways that Are the direct offshoot of the gasoline Era. Meanwhile the indu Stry is working on such things As extraction of synthetic proteins from Oil for use As food supplements. Expansion of petrochemicals Petro Leum based chemicals which Are the Cornerstone of modern plastics and a Field which Oil men say has barely been tapped. Direct conversion of Light Hydro carbons into  of Oil fogs to protect crop from Frost and pests lubrication of bearings at High Tern Pera Tures by hydrocarbon Vapours eliminating the necessity for Ordinary lubricating Oil. 1 v i practising psychiatrist portrays broken Man psychiatry might  saved in death of a salesman1 at Frankfort playhouse i by Ernie weather All staff writer his world has crumbled around him As a disconsolate Willy Loman tells sons Biff left and Hap that he has lost his Job. Completely crushed the father eventually takes his own life. Ill starred Loman family at table Are Willy Allerton and Biff Addison Myers. Standing Are Hap Paul Tarr and Linda Alice Courtney. The Lead role of Willy Loman in death of a Salesman has been played by Many professional and Amateur actors since its premiere in new York ten years ago. But at the Frankfurt playhouse in Ger Many Arthur Miller s pathetic Little Man was portrayed probably for the first time by a practising psychiatrist. He is maj William Allerton head of the psychiatric neurology service of the 97thgeneral Hospital in Frankfurt. I saw Lee Cobb play the part in new York when the play opened then Thomas Mitchell do it in Chicago Allerton explained. By the time i saw Frederic March in the movie role i had begun to know Willy Loman quite  although Allerton had been Active in the theater at College his professional duties had kept him too Busy to put on grease paint. A few months ago however entertainment director Bob Nelson coaxed him on the playhouse stage. One of his roles was that of Damon Runyon s nicely nicely Johnson in Guys and  when they decided to do death of a Salesman Bob looked around and asked me if i would like to try for it he said. So at last i became Willy  death of a Salesman is the Story of a failure caused by Willy Loman s hero Wor ship of the wrong kind of Success. He accepts a set of Over publicized values and the belief that being Well liked is a substitute for solid accomplishment. At the age of sixty three Willy is faced with failure of his Way of life. He is an unwanted employee and a Parent disappointed in the sons to whom he has taught his own false values. Lee Cobb s interpretation of Willy had stayed in my memory for ten years Al Lerton said. Speaking As a psychiatrist i i think he had a greater insight into Willy s problems than the other actors who had portrayed the Salesman. So i decided to try and play the role As Cobb had done. But of course every actor puts a Little of himself into a part but just How much can Only be determinedly the  As a psychiatrist Allerton was asked if Willy Loman could have been helped by psychiatry. Actually the family should have told their doctor that Willy was trying to de stroy himself Allerton explained. Willy s Way out of his Complex problem was to take his own life. First he halfheartedly tries to do it by deliberately wrecking his car. Then his wife Linda discovers a rubber Hose in the basement that can be attached to the Gas Heater. There s no doubt then that Willy eventually plans to commit suicide. Yet despite All these danger signals it never occurs to the family that Willy is a sick Man and needs medical help. Even though the Lomans May not have known about psychiatry although the e y should since the magazines books and movies have publicized it their family doctor would have referred Willy to a psychiatrist if they had contacted  in the end Willy discovers that he is responsible for his son Biff s failure in life but learns that his son still loves him. Refusing to concede defeat for the Ideal Success he has planned for Biff Willy kills himself in order to leave the boy his insurance. Suicide can be termed a National tragedy Allerton pointed out. It is the eleventh chief cause of death in America. More persons kill themselves than kill others. The unfortunate thing is that Only ten per cent of those who commit suicide have sought medical help before making up their minds that death is the solution for their problem. The remainder like Willy Loman the doctors never get a Chanceton  Allerton does not claim that psychiatry would have saved Willy. Or whether Willy would have even submitted to psychoanalysis. But if the Lomaris had sought medical help Willy might have lived. Linda Willy s wife was somewhat responsible for failure Allerton  continued to let him live in a world of illusion. It might have been better for Willy if his wife had been More aggressive thus forcing him to keep in Contact with  As the play ends Allerton said he found Hap Willy s youngest son so imbued with his father s false set of values that he is destined to become another Willy Oman. But for Biff the older brother there seems to be Hope. Allerton is often asked that if being a psychiatrist makes it easier for him to act. No i Don t think so he said. I think if you know and understand people As most actors must you can get an insight into the character you Are  maj William Allerton As Willy Loman at 63 a failure after a lifetime worship of the wrong kind of Success. Willy s wife Linda tries to Comfort her now unemployed husband. He vows to Start anew in the morning. 12 the stars and stripes friday1959 the stars and stripes Poge 13