European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - May 10, 1963, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Too. 4 the stars and stripes Friday May 10, 1941 Birmingham protest Campaign product of six months planning by Mobert Dobdon Bix Mangham. Ala. Us this Southern steel Center has own called the most segregate big Day in America. The Rev. Martin Luther Kingjr. The Nagro integration lit be stowed the title and the atlant minister and thousands of his Fol Lowers have been in the midst offt Campaign to change it. Negro leaders began planning their massive Campaign to break the Radii bar tiers Here More than six months  of Kim s top  out on is bed la negro Motal and related the history of the Booth s biggest push for equal rights in us Sta try. The merchants let us Down in september the Rev. Fredb Huttleworth said simply. Shuttlesworth. A a year old Baptist minister began almost Tintle handed i in 1999 to breakdown color barriers Here. He has me been arrested 86 times by his own count been beaten and threatened and has moved his family to Clad Natl. Nie downtown merchant agreed to desegregate lunch counter and other faculties Andna Grade the negro in his Job last september he said. But the went Back on their  Toboc blvd Shutvet Worthans Ether local negro Leader Tana mail sing Seu Taun Chris Tian leadership conference vim to. Which  1 with King and the sulcs top mates Bautts Nawerth said we Waddad that since Birmingha was the a urn wont la Rama Rola eau we had Tocoua  the of but Campaign Thea nation had seen. Then was no a in dealing with the Day officials. We had to press theft maw Leaden into action Wyatt to Walker a business like top assistant to Xing who had plumed the strategy use to lengthy Campaign in Albany of Cam to Birmingham in 1 mapped the Day. Its Horn a in Taranta. The  Wall tar Rebeo. In three Tayi of walking around i knew where the ranch counters were m the stores Whan the water Fountain  by january we had a thick we and a Oay by a plan of to ton Walker  the Campaign was postponed. Awes Mombasa Leaden to change mat fan of Connor a Trong racist against More mod Anu Albert  decided to hold off again statue Worth said. A we had acted any earlier we would have elected Connor As  april 3 was the Runoff. Bout Well won by a sizable margin. The same night. King and his topsides arrived and the Campaign started immediately the following morning and swelled to the big Gest movement n Southern his tory. Shuttlesworth said Don t get me wrong. 1 love Birmingham better than any other place Onearth. But it s got More hell in its soul than any City i be  immediately the move ment Leaden ran into . G. Anston a negro millionaire and respected by both White an negro denounced the Campaign a coming at the wrong  racial moderates among Whites who had been working tease 100-year-old racial problems were dismayed. One who late worked with a by radar committee on the problem said Birmingham s responsible Citi Zens had been working with local negro leaders for More than a year when this broke. King demanded immediate concessions under pressure of threats. He almost undid All our  about the Only Emu of Tel Sty not Siw ugly segregated Are . Boa and  were integrated by an interface Cemment . Shuttlesworth and other negro  filed Federal court nulls that led to City repeal of an ordinance requiring negroes posit on the rear of Day buses. Re also attempted to enrol his children in the All White Phillips High school several years ago and was beaten by a mob of Whites on the school Steps. He still bears two scars on his face and head from the  suits in Federal courts bogged Down in Leial Maneu vers. In january 1962, the City municipally owned Golf courses Community centers awl Ming pools and Parks were closed when Connor and the other officials were faced with a Federal court integral on ruling. The Parks remained closed Al though several members of the incoming government Promise to have them opened u elected. A judge has ruled if they Are re opened they Muat be available to  City s libraries department store luncheon facilities movie Sand other areas of life remain  the Campaign began some while churches have accepted negroes at worship serv  leaders do not consider registration to vote in elections serious problem Here. That negro Vole estimated at 15,000. 8tokmt regt by the her. Int Bhatt Leemath at tight Leader i Taw wrent Kerr.  protease m a Ham Ala Seffle with Ramg negro for taunting Poveo Dortas Amon Truon. The 4r-om Bap let minister Maya a Kaa Kasil arrested m Umea m the last eight years. To p " was held to have been a Large Factor in the change of City gov , 34, arrived Here four Days after the birth of his new child. The Atlanta minister and author of books dealing with his adopted theory of passive resistance to segregation began his Campaign without much visible  had no Opportunity to come in and meet with Loea groups for fear of influencing the election Walker said. We had to Start  did the resultant record break ing demonstrations exceed original plan Walker says  negro in bar mini was ready to burst  Shuttlesworth old. And took was someone to Point Way for his  the Birmingha patterned after the. _ Albany a. Movement hat employed set Long mass marches other nonviolent actions hoped would prod the Day til  end results Are Yel to seen. Equality we be been waiting Over 100 Yean by Kuian noun Birmingham. Ala. A Here in a juvenile court judge s office is the whole Story of Birmingham today. The negro Side the White Side the heart breaking human Side. Judge Talbot Ell i sits behind his desk. He has Crisp Gray hair a Dean Cut profile. He Speaks Ina Low kindly voice. On the other Side of the Deskis a 15-year-old negro youth Crosheck Preer Parhan. He i big for his age. He a arrested five Days ago for participating in the demonstrations which have been wracking the  Small carved sign in the desk bears the motto prayer changes  behind judge Ellis is the boy smother mrs. Alleen Parham. She is tall and Nice looking. Shehas come to the juvenile court where children under 16 Are being held to get her son re  is the dialogue Between the three judge Rosbeck. I m going to let you go. Your Mother must have been mighty worried when she could t find you. Why did you Tell the officer you were 17? that s Why they put you in jail instead of bringing you  Bot i said i was  Well anyway to letting you go. By the Way you have an unusual Host name. Where did you gel a Mother that s or. Walsh s first name. My husband named him Grosbeck or. Grosbeck Walsh chief at medical service sat Loyd Noland Hospital Here took the boy s father into his Home and helped him get an education. The elder Parham Isnow a druggist judge now Rosbeck you know violence in the streets is not the answer to this. Just theother Day attorney general Ken Nedy said this problem won the solved in the Street and i often think of what one of. The founding fathers said. There is no Freedom without restraint now 1 want you to go Home and go Back to school. Will you do that no answer. The boy stares at judge unblinking through his spectacle. His jaw juts upward. Kudos Are Yea at Law boy can i aay  anything Yea nov Bot Wen. Jim Cam aay that Beau freed Keesaw Yov at Aars we re an Cana Laren t Jwj Dubi by yer smash haves Aav great Gaia and they Atli an. Ii take  boy we be been waiting over100  the judge tells him about at tending Legal conferences. Work ing there with Neon judges an attorneys judge now we were Al equal there not because the Constitution nays m. But because Weare equal in our  Mother May i say some thing i Don t approve of is reel violence either. But after a civil rights meeting we did try to get in touch with City official an they would t see us. And i know this. Judge these younger people Are not going to take what we took. I have another son in Oberlin College. Ohio and hell never want to comeback  she describes her experience Sas a shopper in downtown Bir Mingham and continues if pm going to spend my Money in the stores 1 think should have the right to sit Down and eat a Sandwich in  juvenile court official re minds her that sit Down facilities were provided negroes some years ago. But they had to be discontinued because your people literally destroyed  i say it our people Don t act intelligently it they Renot clean then Don t allow them in. But that should be so for White people too. If they re not intelligent and Are dirty they hould be thrown out. They All should White or  mrs. Parham what do you think of Booker t. Washington Mother i think he was Afine Man. But his Day is put the younger people won t take what we  judge Well i expect we could talk All Day about these things. I want you to go now Andi still Hope you la go Back to school. Now out to the fair grounds where older children Are held. Upstairs. In two Decker pattern there Are co Beds. The mat Irenaea and bed clothing Are clean new we have had Over 600  aay James oilman assist ant chief Warden. Now it s be tween 990 and 275. How do they pass the time we brought in television set and radio he says. They watch to a lot. And just  in judge Ellis he says unhappily hell angry letters from los 4 and other cities around the try. Some Days ago. He says told a reporter he was Setu Boll for the negro children 1500 to t50. I thought that would the  he says. It did to 1 must have been  philosophies for a t about the racial problem says one thing 1 can say and proud of it when i sit on Bench in the court room color  woman Lemom cot Sia wat r. Stum. Us Miako Susji it a coir us Schnh Cali Mil i. Of 1 of scion or hit Yuhaus Mim acs vhf. Cd.  a 7i2u, , Ici my �h47, us my. U stain  in. M Ujj 51ss. Jan " " id Ian. 1c i Ici 7uu Mali. Ici mix Ita 1117ici 171401 q Isra. S4jji"iiiiiini. Ici Aiu v out Moio Cor it liar. 94mi trip Tell we Meta Ull 22u� r