European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - June 25, 1963, Darmstadt, Hesse                              Oil revolution in Central Europe by Stu Collins Stoff writ to a new Industrial revolution ii us Langover in Central Europe proceeding la smoothly As the commodity it involves Oil. From the North sea coast o West Ger Many from the Atlantic hotel of Holland and the Mediterranean port of France and Italy pipelines Are nuzzling their Way through the con tin in i into the booming Industrial basins of Central and Southern Germany carrying with them chances Subtle and drastic in the lives of millons. 81 thousand Oil experts from 62 notions Art meeting in Frankfurt this week to discuss those changes at the sixth world Petroleum Congress the biggest scientific convention Ever held in West Germany. To the average West european the differences Are and will be almost tin not be we not that they Aren t Imp Tant but the effects of faster and cheaper Oil distribution Are largely taken As just another part of the economic Progress that has been going on during the postwar years. The changes Are much More apparent. And less Welcome to Europe s railways and Inland water transport systems. Especially Germany. The 2�00 Miles of pipe line already converging from North and a outre on Frankfurt and in Olstadt Nave already ended a lucrative rail-barn1 monopoly on the internal delivery of Petroleum product. By 196& when another 1500 Miles o pipelines Art scheduled to be in opera Uon the monopoly we pretty much belong to the pipelines. But Ven the government operated Ger Man railroads their financial wound some what saved by a Tut levied on piped Oil. Admit the revolution had to happen. De spit the High development of european railways and River Commerce the Oil traffic has become Loo heavy for them to handle. Germany alone is using 34 million tuna of Oil a year and expects to be using 90 million tons by 1968. This is simply too much for the rail and River carriers to move another reason for the underground Oil movement is the source of Europe s Oil Supply. About 80 per cent of it is imported from Africa and the Middle East. There Are a few Oil Fields scattered through West Germany and France but Thene produce in Tel More than a drop in the Gas tank compared with the continent s needs. In  Days. Imported Oil was refined at its european port of entry and the finished products had to be shipped Overland or by water to the Inland mar of Catt. Now the Oil companies Are budding refineries near or right in the big Indus trial Center and turning piped in crude Oil into gasoline fuel Oil Etc. On the spot the new look in the continent s Petroleum Industry is Well pictured in a 190 Mil lion refinery now nearing completion 14miles West of Frankfurt where the Frank Furt Cologne autobahn crosses the main River. Few this is the Trump card in a bid by the m. Cal Tex group of Oil Cump Teu owned by Standard o j of California and Texaco for a share of the Rich growing German Market Cal Tex is investing another 930 million in gasoline service stations through out Germany. It plans to open 130 of them by the end of next year. The Castex refinery the Flat Oil Plant in the Frankfurt area will be supplied with crude Oil from a to mate Extension of the already operating Rotterdam con one pipeline. Both the refinery and the line being built at a Cost of 913.7 million Are scheduled to be in service by the end of August working at capacity the refinery will process 40,000 barrels of Oil a Day. It will be capable of turning out 2 million tons of Oil products a year. As Well As piping in its crude of the Cal Tex refinery will pump some of its products out about one fifth of its output will be pumped through a Cluster of six Small lines directly into the far Werke Hoechst chemical Plant five Miles up the main. The chemical company Cal Tex s big test single customer in Germany will re delve methane propylene and other Spe Fialty guts. Another . Feature of the Cal Tex work ii Chr first  or catalytic Hydro rucking unit to be built in Europe. The not Oneker. Developed by Standard Oil of California in cooperation with uni Versal Oil prof ctn. Is a new and better any of Conr kilns Oil for Jet fuel. Hunt heating All and of her Middle  products. Cal Tex Putsch land. Gmbh., the  subsidiary that will operate Chi group s Oil business in Germany will distribute its fuels and lubricants by water rail and trucks As the refineries at the North German ports have been doing All along. The big difference la that the Cal Tex products won t have far to go to reach their biggest markets. Frankfurt Mannheim and southwestern Germany. One of the biggest problems faced by the pipeline builders has been and still is the securing of rights of Way through the thousands of property parcels which lie in the path of any prospective pipe route. It s not Law Ting easy to convince a Farmer or estate owner that digging up his land to Plant a 24-Inch thick pipe won t Hurt anything. An enormous Job of Friendly per Sunnoon was required to build the 240-mile wit Helm Haven Cologne line which passes through some 9.000 parcels of properly and the Southern european pipeline which crosses about 36.000 parcels along its 470 mile path from Lav a near Marseille to Karlsruhe. Arranging to build an International pipeline with the involved governments is b lot Eutivi hum Urru Nging 11 with some of the property owners one of the in glance re on the Cologne Frankfurt Extension noted. Once the route of the line Hao been established there arc still a Taw engineering problems to be dealt with such As River Crossings Power lines und. In the Case of lines like the one being built Between Genoa and the German Titie of Ulm and , the Alps. Despite hta. The development of specialized exc Vuron a Mchenery has allowed the construction of pipelines to move at an ave rite of about a 2 Miles a Day. The Oil in the line does t travel much faster. Pumped Alumit by hundreds of pounds of pressure Cruite Oil passes through the ave rage pipeline it about 2 a Miles an hour. It lakes eight do for it to make the trip from Marseille to Karlsruhe this is a lot slower than train or even Barge but the pipeline Cun carry As much Oil As a dozen 30.000-ton Sonkur ships at a time. It would take tens of thousands of Railroad cars to do the same Job. 21 is an expensive revolution. The Rotterdam Cologne line Cost an estimated 997 million the Southern european line about twice that in the eyes of oilmen however. It s All worthwhile investment that results in new arteries to new hearts of one of the continent s most vital industries. Fit the stars and stapes deep info Volfe i Over mountains Ond across Rivert a Kahi Ruhe Long Olstadt pipeline Goei ahead