European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - July 26, 1963, Darmstadt, Hesse                              Post 4 the stars and stripes Friday. July j6, 1963 Nixon describes unescorted visit to East Berlin voice in darkness our Only Hope is with americans by Richard Nixon written for to associated press Berlin 1ap i went into communist bust Berlin wednes Day no Chi to see what life in like behind the Iran curtain without communist police and communist guides. For two hours i lived behind the Iron curtain without  police harassing me every step of the  in the any 1 spent nearly our hours in East Berlin and Taw nothing because the View was completely blocked by communist guides and newsmen soviets May quit Hungary soon if. Washington a the soul Union might withdraw its troops from Hungary but hardly before some kind of a Nona Gres Lon pact is signed Between the Atlantic Alliance and member sat the Warsaw pact . Analysts said  of a soviet withdrawal have been circulating Here Tot some time. They were coupled with speculation on Why Jano Kadar. The hungarian communist Leader and Premier visited soviet Premier no Kiln s. Khrushchev twice within two week. Khrushchev and Kadar met in East Berlin june 39. Then Khrushchev rushed Back to Budapest to Greet u Thant the . Monetary Gen ral when he visited there july x shortly alter u Thant left Kadar set out again for Moscow where he got nun usually warm reception. Tor question of soviet troop withdrawal my up la o Hunt s conversation with Kadar High Mon utter Taree re ported. The . Chief Triem to Feroza said rated the Lase. Radar s reaction waa favourable and he appeared to agree with u Thant a High ranking Diplo mat  and East Germany Are the Only two communist controlled countries in easter Europe where soviet troops Are till stationed. Their dumber i Hungary is estimated at Between ao.000 and lax too the . State department remained silent when asked u i United states would acknowledge hungarian gesture of several weeks ago lifting travel restrictions affecting american Diplo Mats in Hungary by dropping similar restrictions on travel in the United states by hungarian  of Nej prot is All the More striking As the . Posi Tion always has been that it  such restrictions onlys a retaliation to communist restrictions. While no official explanation was available som sources privately hinted that the Lack of uj5. Action could be explained into ways. Fust tha administration la  so prised a  of it blk reaction to us tuft mad Niau Saloan of Flat task with Coop Kimlat Hun Gary. The state department and  Havo Raeh Vod an unusual Amolat of mall protest me such piano. Second some officials Are speaking about a possible pack age arrangement with Hungary meaning that instead of a step by Stop approach the administration would seek the solution of adj outstanding problems and than offer to coexist with Hun Cary. Who were escorting  decided to go Back on my own and for two hours 1 had a unforgettable experience. 1 w s behind the Iron curtain in i he most to Kilt controlled communist regime in the soviet bloc unnoticed and free to talk to the people. It was an  experience because after my first visit i wondered it the at Ger Man people might Lack the will to resist that the polish people and the hungarian people have demonstrated on my visits to Warsaw and Budapest. But i found first hand that the East German people when Given a Chance without the Over whelming fear of secret police hanging Over them Are if any thing even More outspoken i their allegiance to the West and in their Complete contempt Forand opposition to the communist regime than the poles an hungarians. A Man came up to me and be a Levong that i was by myself and no communists were around Mestad. We Are so pm cased that you Are  asked me to sign Auto graphs for his wife and his daughter and nine friends. Before we arrived in the Cen Ter of East Berlin As we were Alkinis along the Street search ing for a taxi a shadowy figure walked up to us and he said do you have a cigarette i had none but my companion Loyal Gould of the associated press gave him a cigarette. In the darkness the Man looked around and said our Only Hope is with the Ameri cans."1 started to question him and then on the other Street Corner . Almost alone in Korea Seoul up the unite nations come Uno in Keren celebrated its 13th anniversary this week still guarding the longest truce in  it is such a shrunken com Mand that the United states shaving a Tough time keeping to Gether. Of the 16 countries that sent combat units to Korea in the Early Days of the korean War Only two besides the unite states still maintain troops there Thailand and  those two have Only a combined total of about 600troop among the 600.000 in the unc the vast bulk Are Ameri cans and koreans. According to informed Diplo Matic sources. It is a constant diplomatic Battle for the United states to persuade Thailand an Turkey to maintain even their tiny contingents. The other countries pulled their troops out Long ago. Now Only about 10 even bother to maintain Small Liaison offices atthe unc Headquarters in Seoul. Control of the huge Rok armed forces has been just a big a headache for the outgoing unc command emn chief Gen Guy s. Meloy jr., for the past two years. The unc was Given operation Al control Over Rok forces by a agreement dating Back o the korean War. This control was violated however when present korean strongman Gen Park Chung Hee pulled out units an staged a coup d eat in May 1961. A new agreement reaffirming the unc operational control was negotiated before Meloy took Over in july of that year for the Normal two years As commander in Chile but few unc officers Fel that this control is now secure or will Ever be secure again. Meloy will be replaced As unc commander in Korea by Gen Hamilton Howze. Formerly 18thairborne corps commander at it Bragg . Howie is scheduled to take Over aug. 1. N figure loomed up and our questioner claimed up completely. U was a communist police Man patrolling the area. But what was impressive about this visit was Tinl Ordinary peo plan were warm and Friendly to me not because it was me hut because 1 represented the Ameri can nation. Several hours before when i was in East Berlin surrounded by communist guides one had dared to say hardly a word. They even refused to answer a simple question its to whether it was a Nice any or a hot Day or not and so i no convinced of fact that will be hard to under stand in the West the at longest opposition to communism of All the satellite countries is in East Germany and yet the weakest and the least willingness to express that opposition is in East Germany. And thai in because East Ger Many in the tag Teit controlled police state in the communist world today.1 have walked an the streets of Moscow of Novosibirsk to Siberia or Budapest of Warsaw and 1 have found person after person who had no fear in a pressing his opposition to an disagreement with the communist regime. But in East Germany wednes Day afternoon surround As x was by communist ew8pepr men and guides not one individual dared to express any opposition of criticism. Canadian rail Accord lit a dim Candle for . Lines new York a while the Railroad Union i niggle Over work Sulci Inetti Elflei in the United Sentei a Canadian Tolu ton to the focal Luke grinds lowly and peacefully Onward. The combatants Here have Pandit Little mind. Four years have elapsed since Canadian railroads met the key Issue u. The . Dispute banish ing firemen from freight train and switch Yard a level locomotive cabs. The Canadian Pacific railway car in 1998 and the Canadia National railway car a year later won the fireman off fight the two Are Canada s Only major rail lines. The United states has103. Firemen an being dropped from Canadian Crews by Attrel Ceylon reneged on pledge to Oil firms . Says Washington up the United Stales has accused the government of Ceylon of Welch ing on its Promise not to drive private american Oil companies entirely out of that country. The . Statement lured by the state department was prompted by the Ceylon govern ment s introduction in Paella men. Last wednesday of a Bill which would turn Over to a government corporation All internal distribution of Petroleum products. Ceylon lost year seized 20 percent of the distribution Wacl Latles of the two american companies there Cal Tex and Landard vacuum and so tar has failed to pay compensation. The United states earlier this year Cut off its Aid program to Ceylon under a congressional mandate requiring such action within a certain period when us. Private property 1s seized without adequate compensation. Ton. Those who die retire or move to other jobs Are not being replaced. Bui the Victory came on term unattractive to . Railroad executives and no More appealing to Union men. Its potential fruits from the management standpoint have been Only 30 per cent realized and it might take another 20years to Harvest them completely. The settlement crystallized Only after separate strikes Fontne and two Days against the car and a threatened strike against the car. Some salient parallels Mark the present .and former Canadian situations most notably searching surveys by government appointed com missions. In Canada the recommendations of a Royal commission headed by a judge of the Dominion s supreme court were accepted Byboth sides grudgingly by the Union. A a presidential com my won headed by a former fed eral judge after u months study Pra Pohnl a solution that the rail Rouda accepted. The five on trial unions with  members a. Ejected it. The Canadian settlement was limited to the fireman off Issue whereas in the United Stales multiplicity of work rules affect ing brakeman switchman engineers and conductors As Eljas firemen is involved. The two Canadian roads started with 5.100 firemen to freight and Yard service As against nearly40.000 on . Lines. Under settlement terms the Canadian roads were authorized to Cut Loose firemen with fewer than two years seniority Only 100 men and to halt further Hir  so far has Cut for. Man numbers another 1500 or so. Leaving about 3500 jobs to be eliminated. The car and car decline to give exact figures on payroll Sav Ings but they Are estimated at million to $3 million. . Roads contend they Are putting out woo million a year in unwarranted payroll  Are in dire financial Straits. The u-3. Presidential commis Sion led by former . District judge Simon h. Ref kind re viewed Early experience with the Canadian plan the commission concluded it did t move fast enough. The commission thus called for dismissal within a year of 13,000 us. Freight and Yard for and removal of 27.000 More attrition. Displaced Canadian firemen were warded preference in Hir ing for other Railroad jobs but neither the car or car was committed to retraining them Forton Railroad positions. The ref kind commission recommended generous dismissal Bene fits including dismissal pay said by the railroads to average $13,380 a Man preferential re he ring and two years retraining mostly at Railroad expense. 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