European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - July 27, 1963, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Post 4 the stars and stripes saturday july 27, 1963 partial a test treaty new test ban treaty Broadens Only a beginning safeguard covering withdrawal . Officials warn by 8tewabt Rensley Washington us american officials have warned against Over emphasizing the Sig Elf Lance of the partial test ban treaty initiated in Moscow the welcomed it As an obvious Glrst step toward ending the nuclear arms race. But they cautioned against assuming that i heralded any major Progress on other East West issues. The Berlin and Cuba problem. As Well As other disputes Stem Ming from the Basic conflict be tween communism and the West. Are not Likely to melt in the warm glow of the limited test ban Gratifying a the pact itself May be. The Best  for Prog pm appeared to he in the discus Sion of possible measures by both me of the inn curtain to guard against Surprise attack or Warby . That was Why the United states agreed to continue talk ing with its allies and with mos cow about soviet Premier Elk la b. Khrushchev s proposal for a non aggression pact Between the North Atlantic treaty Organiza Tion nato and the comm sust Warsaw pact. The United states and its Al lies Are unlikely to agree to the russian proposal As it stands since it would imply recognition of communist East Germany an perpetuate division of All Ger Many. The Hope 18, however that tha soviet proposal May to Modi fied to provide acceptable re assurances against aggression with some Concrete inspection measures to police in tha partial test ban outlaw ing atmospheric space and underwater blasts was re larded by diplomats As the Logi Cal outcome of developments that had brought soviet and Ameri can interests into line in a limit id Art. Both sides having developed vast an vitals sufficient to an by Llata each other have been tasking a total test ban. They could not agree on this because toe United states did not believe underground tests could be policed without inspecting soviet territory which Russia Reje Tedas  therefore the big three agreed on what waa left Banning test which can be readily detected from afar. Can cite the partial ban As a Victory for its policy As opposed to peking s hard line to Ward the West it would be naive to believe that the soviet Leader would jeopardize his National Security just to score Over the chinese. By Spencer Davis Washington a the major difference Between the pending limited nuclear test ban and the treaty offered in 1962 by the United states and Britain is an escape clause covering withdrawal from the pact the new treaty says that each nation has the right to with draw from the treaty if it decides that extraordinary events related to nuclear matters have jeopardized the supreme inter ests of its  a three month notice of withdrawal is  the aug. 27, 1962, proposal of the United states and Britain presented to the 18-Nallon Dis armament committee in Geneva there were three Points covering withdrawal from the agreement including a provision that a con Ference be called to consider the withdrawal request by simplifying the language . Officials feel the safeguard vital Factor in Sennit postage pcs expected to support pact by Chart los w. Cob debt Washington up is. Military chiefs Are expected Tolend their prestigious support to the limited nuclear test ban  support will be of the utmost importance to the Kennedy administration in getting the treaty through the Senate where the High command s views weigh heavily. A clarification of the military leaders position indicates that they would be immovable opposed to a total ban on tests but Likely would Back the partial ban in the Hope that the gains would out run the military risks for the United states. They have not yet taken a for Mal stand on the agreement since they were not apparently consulted during the negotiations and have not had time to study the draft s full implications. A persuasive Factor with the joint chiefs of staff however. Is that the agreement would Leav America free to do about 80 per cent of the atomic testing deemed necessary by resorting to under ground explosions. Military leaders Are especially concerned with the adequacy of the agreement s withdrawal or escape clause. They want to be sure As do critical senators that America can withdraw from the pact if the National interest at some future time demands it military endorsement of the three Power agreement when it is submitted to the Senate for Atwo thirds vote would be Power Ful ammunition for the administration in trying to overcome objections that have been rated. These objections have come from senators closely attuned to Mili tary Powers. Confusion Between total and partial bans is said to explain a popular belief that military Leader oppose any ban at All. The Yare unanimously against a total ban believing the Chance of de letting Clandestine underground shot is too slim and the Nee for Freedom to conduct them openly too great they doubtless will Tell con Gress the agreement entails risk but the Opportunity to slow the arms race outweighs these and underground testing can reduce them. With a partial ban America Al most certainly would not try to develop a 100-megaton bomb such As Russia claims to have. No scale Mode test could be run underground Tor such a monster. Itis not a military necessity but some chiefs think a few should Bein the Arsenal for prestige and psychological reasons. The warhead for an antimissile missile would be More difficult to devise without testing in the atmosphere but could be Man aged. Another risk would be that proof testing for certain weapons could not be done and tactical training for troops in handling and firing weapons would a Allbut ruled out because not much of that can be Dune underground. Tradition fogs ratification process to if 8uto Dea Staak tout Long toll this Point Van May womb reached. Just Washington up in it characteristically simple language the Constitution of the  11 e states under article ii Section 2, paragraph 2, rays he the president shall have Power by and with the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties provided two thirds of the senators present concur. But As with any 174-year-old institution a crust of tradition has turned the ratification proc Ess into a far from simple procedure. Past actions on International agreements involving atomic Energy suggest that at least two congressional committees and pos Sibly three will study the pro posed nuclear test ban meaty together or separately before re porting it to the Senate. The Senate foreign relations committee has  ton with the Senate armed ser vices committee and Senate Mem Bers of the House Senate atomic Energy committee also exercising claims. One the treaty has been approved in committee and sent to the Senate floor it must be scheduled for consideration by Senate leaders. During debate the Senate s regular rules of extended de Bate apply in this situation. A treaty May to amended Dur ing its course through the Senate or subjected to a reservation As to its terms. Of a withdrawal from the treaty has been broadened. In addition. It would cover any action that might result from Surprise nuclear test explosion by communist China or other countries not now members of the nuclear club. At the Start of the new treaty the preamble announces the principal aim of the unite states Britain and the soviet Union is the speediest possible achievement of an agreement on general and Complete disarm intent under strict International control in accordance with ult objectives of the . This added a note of urgency lacking in the original is British proposal by including the word speediest it added also strict International controls phrase lacking in the original proposal. In the first article of ult treaty the language Calls for each of the nations to prohibit prevent and not to carry out any nuclear weapon test explosion or any other nuclear explosion in the atmosphere outer space or underwater. In Thea Case the significant phrase is not to carry out an test explosion. This provision was lacking in the 1962 proposal. Article ii of the new treaty covers amendments to the treaty. It provides that they must be approved by a majority of All the parties including the original three signing Powers. The earlier proposal called for a two third vote to approve an amendment. Including the original countries. Tab new to Katy Molta Rosip Vitoly the ill Novosal for explosion for peaceful purposes. Last year the United states and Britain suggested that the explosion of any nuclear de lev for peaceful purposes May be conducted Nelv if nun Mously agreed by All lure Powers. The new treaty pm races Alto that the United states. Britain and the soviet Union will re Frain from causing encouraging or in any Way participating in the carrying out of any nuclear weapon test explosion  Luton am Lomon Navy cot to Foobar r. Smi m us Ali pm Wiliam w. Couman. U1a. Anoid busn1ttsuiu 0. Ram must i. Ill Elln a test in Hope far a14 mid i win Eoa Tlane to an escape clause in the treat was an obvious necessity it gives any one of tha big three the right upon d Days notice to withdraw and resume testing u it lets that extraordinary my in the nuclear held have jeopardized the supreme inter Tats Elita  Thea la to guard against the possibility that France red Chi a or other countries trying to develop nuclear striking Power do not adhere to the agreement and become dangerously Strongin the Field. Oulu Las Here do not believe that the Russia red China split had any major effect in getting Khrushchev to agree to a limited test ban. While the Kremlin c russian party Organ gives ban agreement routine play. Jimh Tylli of Mph data 1c 71144, Itan Miall Kiln Imi i jux Moti of 04iiv.u2snitsi cd s42is. M 7293, in 7.33407 dim Corr of Newt Suimui in Ouno 1"my int Ici Viu a 3333, a 471 2, bib 0300-2i4si Moscow a the soviet press gave the nuclear test ban treaty Little More than routine treatment in Sharp contrast with joyous Banner headline play it won in the West the treaty and the official com Munique on its initiating appeared at the Bottom of newspaper front pages without comment the dry official texts were printed under a phlegmatic four column headline treaty on the Banning of nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere outer space and  the soviet communist party Organ pravda gave almost As much space at the top of Ita front Page to an official Mes Sage of congratulations to Uzbekistan Koltho Zylks collective Farmers who harvested their Grain ahead of time. The generally lacklustre hand Ling of the historic treaty agree ment began when soviet news Media withheld the announce ment of the successful conclusion of the three Power nuclear talk until 10  than two hours after it bad hit the head lines in most of the rest of the world. The big event in the soviet press was the 10th anniversary of the cuban 36th of july move ment pravda s Lead editorial devoted to the cuban Holiday coupled effusive Praise of the cuban with a Sharp slap at red China s anti soviet leadership. A Siu  Lay we let c 4jjm, Imi 7js4i  045 m Kancs Pwll  p. On Mutt. Id Oglw 1447, us 3400, i it Wai Hsu  saw. Ici 3-33. 3-w. I �s3 .1 Tut bin in noun a  in Lilly As Sulilla 2244, Al. 172 pianc1. U i Folk. M 774mmi, Ici s441t a 10 my Ici �.7s-73i a we Edom of Ciu unon Oncu i i4t ugh Daiv 1h 1443 our chasm 1c m232s ,aflmanv1c 74m3i. A Mio i a 4s14i, my 7m4ici 73344 i 41 Ici 04iqs.3047m, Ici 3117. Imi  tonic 171402. Mik til a tint. A 79u