European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - April 22, 1968, Darmstadt, Hesse                              Monday april 22 the stars and stripes Paga 3 state department opens we ii files documents shed Light on Allied infighting a Washington a prime is Winston Churchill tried5 persuade president Franklin d Roosevelt in the closing Days of world War ii that British and american troops should and Vance into Germany As far to the East As possible and i circumstances allow enter Ber Lin and after Roosevelt s death Churchill tried to convince pres ident Harry s. Truman that the Anglo american troops who advanced far beyond their occupation zones in pursuing the Ger Man army should not be pulled Back before the settlement of Many great things which would be the True foundation of  but Churchill was  told him i am unable to delay the withdrawal of american troops from the soviet zone in order to use pressure in the Settle ment of other problem secret document texts of the messages exchanged Between the two presi dents and the prime minister in Early 1945 were made Public sunday by the . State department together with other secret documents on Allied discussions about the future of nazi Germany. The documents shed Light on the split in the . Administration on How germans should retreated after the War on How irritated Joseph Stalin became when nazi troops tried to sur Render in Italy and on How an Why the military put before the germans to sign a makeshift sur Render document instead of the document painstakingly pre pared by diplomats. In one message Churchill told Truman on june 4, 1945, i View with profound misgivings that Retreat of the american army thus bringing soviet Power into the heart of Western Europe and the descent of an Iron curtain Between us and every thing to the  his june 4 message the British prime minister told Truman i hoped that this Retreat if it has to be made would be accompanied by the settlement of Many great thing which would be the True foundation of world peace. Nothing really important has been settled yet and you and i will Nave to Bear great responsibility for the  Stalin accusation Stalin in fact accused his two English speaking allies of collaboration with the enemy whence was informed by Roosevelt and Churchill about a nazi peace feeler put out in Switzerland in March 1945 by Gen. Karl Wolff ranking is officer in Italy. Stalin demanded that preliminary negotiations in Bern be broken off because no soviet officers were invited. In vain did Roosevelt explain that he mus give every assistance to All omers in the Field in command american forces who believe Here is a possibility of forcing Jne surrender of enemy troops in the  the germans Stalin replied used these negotiations to Shif divisions from the Western to the Eastern front. This Roosevelt re ported was an error two Naz divisions were withdrawn fron a a Many weeks before Akgerman peace feeler , result of the secret talks an vhf taxis stall charged in Plu. At the present Momen be germans on the Western 2T�mm, hav ceased the. The nazis the Sovie juicier said in another message continued to fight savagely against the  messaged Roosevelt i deem it of the highest importance that a firm and Blunt stand should be made. In order that the air May be cleared and they realize that there is Point beyond which we will not operate insult. If they Are being convinced that we Are afraid of them and can be bullied to submission then indeed i should despair of our future re actions with  Averell Harriman . Ambassador to Moscow apparently agreed with Churchill. The so Viets he messaged to washing ton have come to believe they can Force their will on us on an Issue. Sooner or later this attitude would create a situation which would be intolerable for  split in the . Administration on Germany s future was three pronged. Treasury wants chaos War the War depart ment wants decentralization a state department memorandum stated in apparent despair. The diplomats wanted to comply with Allied agreements and have centralized Germany. The Treasury s position was championed by Secretary Henry Morgenthau. Proposing that Ger Many should be deprived of its Industry Morgenthau wrote to Roosevelt in january 1945 that the Issue must be dragged out into the open. If we Don t face it i am just As sure As ican be that we Are going to let a lot of hollow and hypocritical Winston Churchill. Pressure Stalin Henry Morgenthau. Wanted chaos Joseph Stalin. Distrusted allies Gaulle wanted separate Ruhr and Rene land areas Washington a when world War h ended Gen. Charles de Gaulle desperately tried to prevent the creation of a centralized Germany and demanded the separation of the Ruhr area and the Rhineland according to secret . Diplo Matic papers released  French Leader invited to join in the occupation of Defeated Germany thought he could ignore the Potsdam agree ment among the big three which set the ground rules for administration of Germany. American diplomats found that the French Felt they were not obliged to observe the Potsdam decisions because they did not participate in the conference. Ambassador Jefferson Caf Fery . Envoy to Paris told the state department on nov. 3, 1945, about a conversation head with de Gaulle on the German problem. The report Isone of hundreds of documents made Public by the state department. Caffery reported that Degaulle firmly believed any Central government set up i Germany would inevitably fall into the russians hands that the setting up of a Central government would inevitably end to the restoration and strengthening of Germany. A revived Germany the Gen eral continued would certainly eventually invade France franc would succumb and All Europe would be  americans de Gaulle told Caffery might not understand his concern you Are far away and your soldiers will not stay Long i Europe. It is a matter of life and death for us but for you on interesting question among Many  British he added Lack courage and Are worn out. We can expect nothing from them in the Way of facing the Russo German  saying that he could not under stand Why the . Opposed the they Are not Over scrupulous Asto How they would use  earlier in 1945, on Jan. 4,Secretary of state Edward Stet Tinius said in a memorandum to president Roosevelt that it is in the interest of the unite states to assist France to re gain her former position i world  propaganda Lead us into recreating a Strong Germany and Mak ing a foe of Russia. I shudder for the Sake of our children to think of what will  the state department Vehe mently disagreed. Morgenthau s ideas wrote ambassador Jamesw. Riddleberger then in charge of Central european affairs would present Joseph Goebbels Hitler s propaganda chief with some excellent propaganda material which he will no doubt know How to use most effectively inside  Robert Murphy top political adviser to Gen. Dwight d. Eisen Hower called the confusion about the use of unauthorized surrender documents  the reason he reported to the state department from Paris on may14, was Itiat sheaf supreme Headquarters Allied expeditionary forces had made up its i mind to restrict these conversations to the military and to exclude foreign office or state department  the military on the other hand has unfortunately Over looked that the Allied Diplo Mats in six month Long negotiations have prepared a form Tobe used at the surrender reported it. Gen. Walter Bedel Lsmith one of Eisenhower s top aides. When surrender finally came the soviet government treated it casually and final Victory was a minor Bac Page item in the russian papers George Kennan then charge d affaires in Moscow reported. Kennan a specialist on soviet thinking thought he understood this. For Russia he reported peace like everything else can come Only by Mukase and the endow hostilities must be determined not by the True course of event but by decisions of the Kremlin. Among the lesser injuries for which the germans May have to answer to Russia May be their Wilfulness in capitulating at a time and place which the Kremlin has not  reds in Austria soothed by . Charles de Gaulle. Ignore Potsdam pact internationalization of the Ruhr and the creation of a separate Rhineland state de Gaulle the suggested Why not set up separate states Bavaria Baden Hesse Kassel Hesse Darmstadt an Hanover after those states Are set up if they want to federate Well and Good that is an entirely different approach to the prob  Are mistaken Caf Fery quoted de Gaulle As hav ing continued if you believe you can prevent the russian from dominating a German Cen trial government. They have Al the useful weapons at hand and Washington a despite the shattering defeat of the communist party in the Austria elections in 1945, the United states suggested that communist should participate in that coun try s first freely elected postwar government diplomatic papers disclosed sunday. James f. Byrnes . Secre tary of state instructed his representative in Vienna on dec. 4,1945, to suggest in your discretion to party leaders that the coalition government should be maintained. And communist representation should be regained in  explained that this would avoid the impression that the defeat of the communist party automatically Means anti soviet or anti communist  Byrnes message is one of Many documents made Public by the state department  volume of diplomatic papers now declassified deals with .relations with Austria and Ger Many in the year the War  another message in june Gen. Joseph t. Mcnarney .commander in the Mediterranean theater complained to the join chiefs of staff that the soviets Are stripping the City Vienna methodically and  unusually Large number of messages to Washington Deal with the bickering with the so Viets Over reparations. The so Viets insisted that Austria pay reparations but the United states opposed the idea. James Byrnes