European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - January 27, 1969, Darmstadt, Hesse                                In cities where architectural glories must be preserved countless migrants from the country live in shanty towns. A continued from Page 11 1935 to an estimated three million. The City is slowly losing its fight to put every family in its own House or apart ment. There Are still More than 18,000"chabolas" or shacks scattered around the Edge of Madrid and 62,868 Madrid families live two or More to an apart ment. Communist capitals like Moscow an Warsaw halt the modern migration to the cities by simply refusing residence permits. Only specialists whose presence is required can Settle in these c o a Monist capitals. All Over Europe planners and architects Are trying to meet the Chal Lenge of this flight from Remote farms and villages the natural population in crease and the problems of aging cities. Plans vary from City to City although High Rise apartment building plays a big part in most of them. Planning is complicated by the Neces sity of preserving ancient buildings and monuments of bygone glory no Many of Europe s old cities can claim they Are winning the fight. Rotterdam is perhaps an exception in fact Rotterdam May be unique thanks to the German bombers who wiped out the Center of the cite in May 1940. The City under a Century old dutch sequestration act simply took Over the destroyed 660 acres and rebuilt the area the Way the planners wanted it. The population of the City Center was reduced by 80 per cent. In place of the 25,000 houses in the enter before the War there Are now Only 5,000 housing units in apartment buildings five to 15 stories High. Thousands of dutchmen moved to the new apartments in the suburbs the German bombardment had wiped out the slums. In Denmark the move to the suburbs has held the population of Copen Hagen proper to 842,649 compared with875,916 in 1938. A recent Survey Classi fied 78,000 apartments in the Cit largely in Vester Boro and Noer Rebro As slum. Some 23,000 of them Are so bad Cit authorities would like to remove All residents but there is no place to put them. Meanwhile once Gay Copenhagen now has a deserted look to the  it still has Tivoli gardens one of Europe s most attractive Parks. Nobody wants to see Vienna wit hits handsome hapsburg an monuments arid palaces change too much and it does t. But half of the built up area of Vienna houses 75 per cent of the population and 85 per cent of the working  officials admit that 80 per cent of these buildings should be renewed. Under austrian Law it takes years to Complete expropriation proceedings in the City. Meanwhile modern apart ment complexes Are going up on the outskirts of Vienna. The scenes of haps Burg glory the remaining Coffee houses the narrow streets and the antiquated streetcars seem Safe for a while. The most striking Urban develop ments in Europe have been in Berlin smashed by Allied bombers in the War then disfigured by the Berlin Wall in 1961. Removal of the Wall is a top political priority in West Germany but mean while West Berlin is going ahead witha highly refined development program on its communist surrounded  communist East Berlin has s tar Ted to primp. Unter Den Lindens regaining some of its once famed Beauty As new Linden Trees along the Street gain stature. There is a new Unter Den Linden hotel and a modern foreign ministry for East Germany. Berlin had a population of 4,330,000before the War. Now there Are 2,200,000 in West Berlin and another million across the Wall in communist Berlin. There is no move to the suburbs i Moscow. The automobiles for that kind of life Are lacking. Russian planners Are building some 120,000 apartment Homes a year in the City or on it outskirts. But Moscow s mayor Vladimir Promys Lov admitted recently that it willbe 1980 before there is a Home for every  Warsaw some 2,000 houses in slum areas have been pulled Down inthe past 10 years and replaced by apart All Over Europe. Architects Are trying to meet the challenge., Merit blocks. The City plans another100,000 apartment Homes by 1975. The French government has tried to Stem the flow to Paris with a policy of decentralizing prance from its Paris Hub. It has had Only limited Success and the problem remains. In the past20 years Only about 100,000 new dwell ing units have been built and the pres ent rate of building is Only 10,000 units a year. One major Facelift for Paris will Bethe removal of the Central Market Les Halles from Central Paris Toan area near orly Airport. Work is expected to Start this year. Italy s Urban problems Are dominated by the preservation of ancient architectural treasures in Many cities. Mus Solini did t help much. The fascists demolished the Maze of streets and simple houses which led up to St. Peter s Square in Rome completely altering the proportions Michel Angelo and Bernini created for the Dom and Square in relation to their surround Ings. Meanwhile thousands of migrant from the Countryside live in shanties in Rome Milan and Naples while the cities try to provide cheap apartments. Many of the newcomers prefer their shanties. L he move to the suburbs in Madrid is just the opposite of that in most cities. The poor move out and the Well to do buy apartments in the Center of town. Only 54 per cent of All Madrid housing units Are for rent. London is trying to hold the Popula Tion of its metropolitan area to 8 Mil lion people. Since the War new towns such As Basildon Stevenage Crawley Hemel Hempstead and Harlow have been build around the Periphery. Others have been  is a Campaign to move offices outside London and in the past five years 49,000 office jobs were moved the location of offices Bureau reported recently. Skyscrapers have come to London but Many londoners look on them with distaste. The pressures for keeping Lon Don the Way the tourists like it Are tremendous. Still there is a housing shortage of 200,000 Homes and 26,000 slum dwellings Are to be razed before1970. Planning therefore is now on a Broa scale embracing a radius of at least 50 Miles around London. This is the Are which is expected to grow by four Mil lion people in 20 years. London already is surrounded by a Green Belt and plan ners Hope to keep the English country Side As it is and still draw Industry and business away from the City. Page 12 Berlin boasts striking Urban development. Ravaged during world War ii left and since Dis aured h w i. . I 9 a by Wall its am Moui rebuilding program includes Hansa Quarter designed by top architects. Tub a Tad a Kin cd Nitro r the stars and stripes monday january 27, 1969 even with bigger and better housing living space is still at a Premium in Europe s great cities. The stars and stripes Page 13