European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - January 9, 1978, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 12 the stars and stripes Anthony Lewis january 1976 v it wage subsidy idea May Aid jobless groups How can a country have High unemployment and inflation at the same time the twin phenomenon confounds the theory we grew up that alack in an Economy reduces inflationary and ii is a Central problem for the United Stales social and political As Well As new Light is thrown on the mystery in an essay just published by Lester professor of economics and management at his analysis appeared in the economist of with its and a conversation with think i begin to understand the problem or an important part of the National unemployment rate has been around 7 percent for some time but the figures Are much higher for partic ular groups in the notably teen agers and we can see the crucial significance of those figures More clearly if we compare today with a year of relatively full employment a generation in 1956 the National unemployment rate was the following table shows the figures or some subgroups that year and in the most recent Quarter the third Quarter of when the Overall rate was 7 is also becoming More in Thurow rightly Job skills Are usually acquired not in formal education but in an informal process of month Job training from me worker to another so the teenager who goes for years without work faces a life without the skills for Good to there any Way to break the vicious Circle Thurow suggests one a wage women in in a i a Mimer More i profits f the table shows dramatically that unemployment in the United states is an uneven More it shows that most of the increase in the last 20 years has come among teenagers and Blacks to a lesser White men Between Ages 2s and 55 Are in effect a favored with virtually full but there is another Factor in rising joblessness aver the last 20 years one we often that is demographic More and More women and Blacks Are going into the lob and because of the population More and More teen agers look for work each in the very groups that have the most trouble getting work Are steadily becoming a larger proportion of the labor for that even u the 1956 unemployment rates for each group had stayed the the Overall figure would have risen by now from 1 the extreme disparities in group unemployment Levels May of course have serious social consequences for old Urban for but the disparities also have the surprising effect of feeding that is what professor Toni Row the reason lies with that favored group of while males s to As it becomes a smaller proportion of the labor it is in even greater demand from if the Economy is heated this group in effect develops a labor shortage and its wages go up the group has special it is heavily and it accounts Lor about to percent of All working if a United state president boosts the Economy to Cut unemployment As so Many people want him new jobs for Blacks and teenagers Wilt not tend to drive up wage rates and but the increasing demand for White men in the labor Market May indeed fuel that analysis makes Clear the effects of High unemployment Over the Long run Are even Graver than most of us have the disparities among different groups Are getting and the distribution of skills up iad in Tow Miami to non vol my Olmut Wuwei in n up or to h fwd nag the Vawl tin making up the the wage subsidy idea has one evident advantage Over the present Federal government strategy of creating Public service u would encourage regular business to try new kinds of who would be More Likely to acquire there what Thurow Calls Saleable skills and lifetime career one difficulty conceded by Thurow would be defining the groups eligible to wage in conversation he suggested alternatives to minimize that the subsidy could be Given Only to so they would have a better Chance of starting off with real or it could go to anyone unemployed for an extended Thurow offers the wage subsidy not As an easy cure but As an idea Worth if we understand the real costs of High unemployment in a divided we will consider fresh ideas James Kilpatrick dont scorn homelands in Africa a new Republic was bom last month in Southern this is a handicapped unloved and viewed by most of the world As the ugly offspring of a heartless the Newborn nation is with a name like who would want it the two is Are silent and the uppercase t tends to get swallowed in the Botha pronounced the second tribal Bantu Tan to achieve in dependence under South Africa widely scorned program of creating Home the Transki got its Independence is months though no one seems to it would be a pleasant and civilized it seems to if the Western critics would suspend judgment for a the univer Sal ostracism imposed upon Transki and  Speaks revealing Gay of the arrogance and intolerance of the third these peaceful infant republics de serve something perhaps the homelands in the will fall nothing remotely like it has been attempted the Odds against us Success Are yet it is conceivable that the plan could provide a not intolerable solution to problems that might otherwise prove insoluble Short of civil the possibility merits patient consid free of cant and the concept of Independent homelands rests upon this fundamental fact of South african life the cultural and social identity of the Blacks is not National it is in the Bantu people Are citizens of South Africa in under such citizenship has had Small the people Are or or Malabel or in the Case at in the nineteenth there was such an entity As the Tswana whose 76 separate tribes occupied generally he same areas now de nned As Botswana and the new Republic has this formidable problem at the outset it is comprised of six separate islands of land scattered from the outskirts of in the to an area Down in Cape islands a pert pow pm Hawaii has is of them in a Chain that stretches for islands of land Are something in some agreement for co Sou Dation seems about half of the Millon Tswana live in these newly Independent islands of v Lory the other half Iive and work la with Square Iha Tswana is roughly the size of land it is twice the size of much larger than such socially i states As the per capita income in mated at not per figure is double the per capita i Tanzania and the new gains one of the richest Platinum i the it has some of the m farming land in South Mense areas suitable for 1 by children and adult a the total population Are in school 1 Tal by any chief Lucas the first i of has been Dew by Radical Black Leaden As a trial Torvy african journalists see him As a until he opposed the i then he began to i As a first step along a ran whose end cannot be clearly end May bring a Loose pendent White and Black dually there nay be More or Leawn Stales within a Federal Union sem bling the United no one this much is Clear political have been burned Transki and to Botswana have their inde status is they Stu their own schedules of duties and they of South but ii depend galvanic effect upon Industrial if the two republics had been Moody marxist coups with cuban Ort the world would the d recognize t cant something be said for i the experimental Bon of an idea that just might work