European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - April 22, 1985, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Corr pact discs for super sound by Emmett Lewis staff writer a compact disc of music May be the Gold at the end of its own the discs Metal coated grooves work like a diffraction grating and break White Light up into a Brilliant Rainbow and the music reproduction is just As called a cd for the lightweight plastic Marvel which carries up to 75 minutes of digitally encoded music is rapidly replacing the the diameter disc can Only be played on a compact disc the players laser beam reads the grooves 16bit computer language words at a frequency of cycles per it converts the binary digits into machine instructions and about 5 billion bits must be read and processed for one hours Worth of music which is the typical length of one cd the result a higher Quality sound reproduction than Ever before available in the enthusiasts for the first time its allowed the average person to have in their Home a perfect copy of the master tape without any Compromise on said Robin a sales representative and Trainer with Foerster manufacturers a company that represents music equipment in the late 60s Philips started development of optical storage Wukits said during a visit to the video audio photo Mart at the company produced a working Model optical laser disc for video which was demonstrated in 1969 and introduced to Consumers in 1972 As he sex Between big advances were made in laser making components much in Philips for the first Able Sepa rate the laser video and audio that was important because now they had a specific thing in that was when they put a team together to develop the compact in 1979 the first working system was demonstrated to the press and in August Philips and Sony agreed on one setting a Standard for Wukits there were Many other digital systems at this but this was a big step with a japanese company and Philips setting a Standard and going ahead with devel in june it had been narrowed Down to three competing digital in january 1981 Matsushita electric known Here As National Panasonic and tech and the Mother company of Jevc announced the adoption of the Philips he that was when the rest of the world recognized that the Philips system would be the Industry he the first product introduction to the Consumers was made in 1982 in a frequent test marketing in mid1983 the cd started being sold Price was initially a Wukits with prices in the United states running from now the Price Range in the states is about half he at military facilities in the prices Are averaging about one of the lowest priced players at main Kastel was a Philips cd202 Sale priced at several brands had models available for less than the average retail Price at a music store on the German Economy was almost in order to get the cheaper some functions May be sacrificed such As a cordless Remote control but regardless of the Quality of the the Quality of the sound reproduction seems to be uniformly High for All of the brands in All Price Wukits some Industry representatives Are predicting that the new cd will make Normal records obsolete within a few Many people Purchase an album and use it As a master to record their own cassette tapes saving Wear and tear on the with cd the original disc will never Wear out with proper it can be used repeatedly with no damage because Only Light touches the grooves a Light touch the durability of the disc and High Quality of sound reproduction justify the higher some discs at the Rhei main audio club were generally priced Between to the Rhei main base Exchange prices were about to per the Selec Tion was very in prices Are generally lower and the Selec Tion greater for discs on the the cd Are nothing like their in spite of similar production in a production method used by Wukits said the discs Are stamped from no warping plastic with the sound information imbedded in the plastic in the form of pits and a thin layer of vaporized aluminium is deposited on the plastic to give it the Mirror like finish that the laser can a protective layer of Clear plastic is then deposited Over the photo by Emmett Lewis the surface of the disc is Page 14 photo by Emmett Lewis the compact disc fits into a tray that slides into the the stars and stripes compact disc players read the information on the disc from the Center the opposite of the Way records Are the track nearest the Center of the disc has encoded information telling the player exactly where each track begins and ends and the amount of time for As the laser scans the the mirrored plateaus reflect the laser beam Back into a sensor while the pits act to absorb the this visual information is trans lated by the player into the 1s and of of computer which in is translated into an audio Sig the encoded information determines musical characteristics such As timbre and unlike a record the compact disc player its Speed constantly in order to feed a uniform Stream of data into the players the Speed of the machines varies from 200 to revolutions per turning faster As the laser scans the inner tracks and slower As it scans the outer Wukits advantages High Quality music reproduction thanks to the digitally encoded music and the absence of a Needle touching the pops and Clicks Are Eli i Long playing times discs can hold up to 75 minutes of but most average less than an f music accessibility any track is almost instantly some players can be easily programmed for specific parts of selections or repetition of those More player information display and features exact locations of different parts of a musical score can be total time played and time remaining on a particular track can be a Boon to some one recording a variety of selections on durability discs Are folded from no warping plastic and a Clear plastic resin protects the grooves from fingerprints and dirt also the disc while playing is encased by the player and cannot collect Low maintenance discs need Only to be wiped off with a Damp maintaining the player is also easy no Cartridge or Needle replacement As needed with turntables the Needle is a beam of laser easy storage discs take up much less space and important factors for military members who i move f taking care of discs is Wukits they can be wiped off with a Damp cloth to remove dust and its recommended that you wipe the disc from the inside out wiping across the grooves because it is possible to cause a scratch which could deflect the laser Wukits cleaning this Way minimizes any problems from scratches distorting the laser care for the cd player is even theres really no maintenance because nothing is touching he the future of compact discs looks Good according to manufacturer Sony and Bla punkt have already marketed car Sony has started Selling a Walkman version of the cd player for about which uses a separate Battery the selection of cd on the Market is getting better and with releases of cd occurring about one week after the record for most said Rick a Pioneer sales representative at its the wave of the he just what Are the benefits of military research from flashlights  Ceil him by Jim Stewart new York times the same Pentagon that brought you refrigerators to keep an aircraft Crews sandwiches chilled has also brought you the potentially lifesaving cat in addition to flashlights and military research also has led to muscle fire flame retardant High Speed rays and microwave the comparisons Are elements in a rekindled debate Over the benefits of military spinoff record High requests by the Pentagon for research and development plus successive revelations of exotic gadgetry Are fueling the the argument has been additionally heightened by military claims that modern will actually help pay the freight for weapons systems that can be a commercial As Well As a military president reagans strategic defense popularly known As Star is one air Force James head of the recently stated that relative to com propulsion and laser technologies have attractive and significant spinoff they could help the ski program pay for a study by the Center for defense a Pentagon watchdog group critical of defense spending challenges the spinoff the Center has concluded that benefits from military to the civilian Economy have been exaggerated and Are declining As military weaponry becomes More rugged specifications make military equipment too expensive and that cof fee for had Over custom made parts in you wont sell Many of said Brian the Center analyst who wrote the the vast majority of military from sub marines to swept Wing simply have no com Mercial if a military research program needs to be under then lets do but it should not be hidden behind this idea that Large commercial Bene fits Are going to Mccartan we Transfer technology in thousands of said Frank who works for the Pentagon at coordinating the Transfer of government technology with private even the ungainly and totally military m1 Battle tank has numerous commercial he you Start with All the research into the new Metal its lighter the advanced exhaust the optical aiming device that is now used in medical and then you have the fir control system that is used in High Rise buildings and then the new Ball bearings and Coaling for Piston Walls How Many spinoffs do you need he the Pentagon has requested billion for in fiscal year that is 20 percent More than it wanted in fiscal 1985 and is nearly billion More than it spent two years Federal research in Energy and general sciences have been Cut to accommodate the stepped up military the centers study in funds for military research were generally even with appropriations for Federal nonmilitary at billion the report but in military research outstripped civilian funding billion to approximately citing president reagans own commission on Indus trial the Center found that Over the past 20 seven of 10 of the technology oriented industries have lost ground in world if military research resulted in Large commercial one would expect these industries to be doing very the report the Center also concluded that Many technical breakthroughs associated with the defense Indus try had taken place without any Pentagon the transistor was developed in 1948 by Bell labs and then sold to the Texas instruments patented the integrated circuit in 1959 without military Mostek developed the first single calculator Chip in 1969 and Intel the first microprocessor in All without government a redirection of americas technological Genius toward nonmilitary applications would help meet pressing National the Center Sobiesczyk said that the Pentagon is often Long in getting recognition its research Security precautions will keep hidden the secrets of nuclear propulsion for Many he you can bet the shipbuilding Industry would love to get their hands on that he but even when the end product of the military Doest hold much Appeal for civilian Onsum the technology required to get to that item is useful in any number of consume Type Sobiesczyk Little known to the Public Are a Host of Pentagon inspired spinoff he they include such things As nuclear Mosquito repel freeze dried radial the vaccination Jet injection dozens of aircraft designs and safety the nuclear magnetic resonant an almost endless list of new and Boron and car Bon Graphite which is used in products ranging from Sailboat masts to Tennis rackets and Golf so new that he mar get the taxw0s a two san Bucks april the stars and stripes Page 15