European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - July 1, 1985, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 4 the stars and stripes july 1985 Lead Content of gasoline again reduced Washington a the allowable Lead Content of gasoline was further reduced but the government said car owners who use leaded gasoline need not worry that their engines will Knock or their valves will Wear out As a the new lower concentration is far above the level needed to prevent valve Epa officials knocking depends on octane experts and refiners expect to maintain the same octane refiners must reduce the maximum concentration from Grams per gallon to Gram per on next the limit will drop to the Epa says Gram is Protection enough for an engines Many studies have shown that High speeds and heavy loads cause rapid valve Wear when unleaded gasoline is but the Epa could find Only one study aimed at finding How much Lead is needed to protect that study concluded that Gram to Gram was the Lundberg a Trade Publica said that most major refiners were producing at Gram per gallon but that some gasoline already meets the new Stan As some refiners have been producing at the lower concentration for Lead has been added to gasoline since the 1920s because it is the cheapest method of raising until the introduction of special hardening techniques in automakers relied on Lead deposits to protect engine valves against excessive the Epa has been trying to reduce the level of Lead in the environment for most cars made since 1975 have been designed to use unleaded gasoline to avoid destruction of the ant pollution catalysts in the exhaust As the number of older cars so does the use of leaded leaded gasoline has about 36 percent of the Down from 41 per cent a year if you already have a knocking you Are better served by moving to a higher said Walter a refining specialist at the american Petroleum inst refiners Are going to continue to try to produce octane at the same 89 rating for leaded he the Epa estimates that refiners will see average costs rising about 2 cents per Gal since extra refining is needed to pro Duce the same octane rating with less on four major companies announced wholesale Price increases of two cents a gallon for their leaded the Price of unleaded Gas remained though it declines to predict the american Petroleum Institute says gasoline is a competitive and it expects some Small refiners to go out of the Institute also says motorists should not worry about finding enough gasoline this and any shortages should be isolated and the Epa left Gram in because we were being said Jim head of the fuels Branch in the Pas air pollution there is a great Deal of conjecture whether it is needed at All for Normal driving with older he the Agency will be studying the question further in years to come As it tries to decide whether to ban All teacher pay still too Union Leader says Washington a teacher Sala Ries have doubled in the past decade and teachers now command nearly a but the head of the National Educa Tion association said that is where the pay scale for new teachers should Nea president Mary Hatwood Futrell warned that the education Reform move ment will hit a dead end unless Steps Are taken to make teaching More particularly to the teacher salaries Start at an average leaving the schools at a competitive disadvantage with comparable professions that require a fou year College de said who presided sunday Over the first business session at the unions annual Many beginning nonteaching positions pay More than the the average teacher with 15 years experience Futrell said in a prepared the Union estimates that the nations million elementary and secondary class room teachers got pay increases averaging percent in the past Well ahead of the inflation the Nea represents satellite sent into orbit by Atlas rocket Cape up Atlas Centaur rocket streaked aloft carrying a satellite into orbit just hours after the shuttle challenger was hauled to its launching pad for Blastoff in two the launching was delayed almost two hours because of heavy Clouds and rain that limited visibility for ground tracking a few Miles the challenger stood on launch pad 39a where workers Are gear ing up for its liftoff on july 12 on a Complex wee Kiong Mission with a Crew of the Atlas Centaur lit up the night with a Tongue of Brilliant Orange flame and slowly thundered through a Low Cloud deck and into Clear sky during the third of three available launch in preliminary orbit about 27 minutes the million Intelsat 5a satellite was in its preliminary an inboard rocket is scheduled to fire thursday to place the satellite in its final circular orbit Miles above the Equator Over the Atlantic the Intelsat 5a relay Sta owned by the 110nation International telecommunications satellite organi can handle Telephone conversations with three television Intelsat paid Nasa about million for the launch and carried about Mil lion in about or two thirds of those its total including bus Drivers and tops the widespread interest in raising Aca Demic standards in the Wake of a 1983 fed eral report decrying mediocrity in Educa Tion has produced fatter paychecks for Many although there has been much talk about Merit Many states have opted for across Leboard teachers were paid an average of a decade but the Nea con tends when inflation is taken into a today salaries actually Are lower than in critics Point out that most teachers work Only nine months a the average an Nual family income for Nea members including spouses earnings was in according to a Union in her keynote applauded gains the Union has made in South Ern the South has had the lowest paying schools and the worst scores on student but education minded governors in such states As Mississippi and Texas have put the South in the forefront of school in we took a giant step to Ward the respect and the compensation so Long denied our next starting teachers in Alabama will average Over she she also applauded the determination of our colleagues in Mississippi and they dared to stand up for Quality and dig Mississippi at the Low est paid in the won a in crease Over three years after strikes this the Neas Arkansas affiliate is battling a competency test for Veteran teachers that 10 percent of the instructors have those teachers now have two years to pass makeup exams or lose their teaching amid the ferment to impose tougher teacher colleges have suffered sagging and the Nea and other groups have been forecasting a severe shortage of new the Union maintains that the nations schools will need 1 million new teachers by 1990 to replace those who and to Cope with a new baby both the Nea and its the Ameri can federation of oppose compe Tency tests for Veteran classroom echoing a Call that aft president Al Shanker made in Futrell urged her Union to support a rigorous certification test for new Akin to the bar exam for but she also attacked moves that 38 states Are considering to provide alternate routes into the classroom for College Stu dents who do not major in new which is seeking to raise starting salaries from less than to is launching a program in september to allow College graduates into a provisional teacher program that can Lead to full certification after a year on the there Are no shortcuts to excellence in Futrell teaching is a skill that must be and we will with All our professional any plan that would dump inadequately or alternately certified teachers into americas More Aid for Africa up photo Many Young actors and actresses from for kids in it is the latest celeb stars from no tvs Kidd video and recent to sitcoms and movies showed up Rity fundraiser for african famine 72 Money from the Sale of their in Hollywood saturday to record kidds the Rock music single and video features efforts will go to Unicof in