European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - November 8, 1985, Darmstadt, Hesse Page 4 the stars and stripes Friday november 8, 1985 commodores washed out by Navy rank designation of rear Admiral lower halt ends controversy after 5 years by Norman Black Washington a the Navy Noi satisfied with the venerable rank of Commodore or the Impre Cise title of rear Admiral has a new rank with the privileges of both rear Admiral lower half. That s right. Rear Admiral lower half to distinguish one Star admirals from inc rear admirals who Wear two stars. Rep. Ike Skellon do. Who s had a Long running Ballac with the Navy Over a new name for commo Dores says he s Given up. A Rose by any of her name it still a Rose and a Commodore by any other name is Hill a Commodore bul i m tired of fighting the Navy Over this Skelton says they want rear Admiral lower half and that s what they re going to if All his sound confusing rest assured the . Navy thinks it makes perfect sense. And they re so Happy about the language contained in inc Pentagon s fiscal 1986 budget authorization that they re ready to Issue orders As soon As president Reagan signs it. For the uninitiated the fiscal 1986 Bill is about to resolve a controversy that has raged for five years namely what do you Call a Navy officer Between inc ranks of Captain and rear Admiral this has never been a problem for the Marine corps army and air Force. A colonel on the Way up becomes a brigadier general then a major general lieutenant general and general. At the moment a Navy Captain who wins his first Star is called a Commodore. Next comes rear Admiral vice Admiral and Admiral. The fiscal 1986 budget Bill deletes the title Commodore and replaces it with rear Admiral lower half. In reality nobody is going to address someone in person As rear Admiral lower half they la just Call him or her Admiral. And that says the Navy is the Point. You be got officers who have been working All their professional lives to become an Admiral and then they get called a Commodore explains one High rank ing officer who asked not to be named. It became a very emotional according to another senior Navy officer the Navy first adopted the rank of Commodore in 1864. In 1899, it was dropped and you were either a Cap Tain or a rear Admiral. During world War ii however the rank was resurrected Only to be dropped again in 1946. At that Point Commodore was used informally to designate the senior Captain who commanded a Squadron of ships. It also was at this Point that troubles began. Right up until 1982, the Navy called everybody who advanced past the rank of Captain a rear Admiral. The difference in rank still existed you were either at the one Star or two Star level bul you wore two sit a and nobody but the paymaster knew which the other services did t like this. You d have a grizzled old brigadier general sitting across from this Junior Guy with two stars and that did t sit Well the officer explained. Enter Congress and the defense officer personnel management act of 1980. To straighten it All out the act specified a one Star Navy officer should Wear one Star and be called a Commodore Admiral. Enter Skelton a self proclaimed country boy from Missouri who knows his before the use of the term Commodore Admiral could take effect Skelton got the Law rewritten to drop the Admiral and keep the Commodore. It took effect in 1982. I understand history and if it was Good enough Tor such Greit men of the sea As Oliver Hazard Perry Stephen Decatur and George Dewey. Then i Felt it was Good enough for the Navy disagreed. It argued the one Star army officer is called a general that sailors were getting confused Between the two Star real Commodore and that Icenior Captain heading a Squadron and that their one stars were getting Short shrift on the diplomatic circuit. After three years of discussions with Skelton a member of the House armed services committee he finally agreed to throw in the Towel. We reached a Compromise Skelton says. They re going to use rear Admiral lower half and Wear one Star. And so in the morning they can be greeted As an United to take Over pan am s Pacific routes Washington a transportation Secretary Elizabeth Dole has Given final approval for the largest airline Deal in history the Purchase by United airlines of the historic Pacific division of pan Ameri can world airways the transportation department announced thursday. United airlines immediately said it was highly gratified Over the decision and announced it plans to buy s3 billion Worth of new aircraft including six Long Range Boe ing 747 jumbo jets As part of a Peel expansion that the company said will meet its needs into the 1990s. The order for the Boeing co. Is the larg est single aircraft order in United s history and covers 110 Short Range Boeing 737 300s and six Boeing 747s to be delivered Over the next five years. The $715 million Sale of pan am s operations Over the Pacific to United already had been approved tentatively by Dole Early last month and apparently she was not swayed by arguments since then by the Justice department and a number of airlines that the United pan am Deal would be anti competitive. United will confront a More competitive Market when this transaction is completed than exists today Dole said in a statement. She also noted that under a air agreement signed earlier this year additional . Carriers will be Given Pacific routes in the coming months producing additional Competition. The decision was sent to the White House late last week officials said. President Reagan has 60 Days in which he could reverse the decision bul govern ment sources said that was unlikely since he May Only do so on narrow foreign relations or National defense grounds and not on economic or competitive arguments. United still must negotiate Landing rights from Japan and other countries involved a process that Industry sources said might become a Roadblock if Japan seeks to use the Issue As leverage to increase its aviation presence in the United states. Richard Ferris chairman of United air lines has said be expects Japan to Issue Landing rights. If government clearance is received the airline has said it would be ready to take Over pan am s Pacific routes along with 18 of pan am s jumbo jets and its ground operations in Asia and absorb More than 2,000 pan am employees by the end of the month. The Deal makes United the country s largest Domestic airline and gives it its first major presence in the International airline Market with a route system that stretches from the West coast to Tokyo. Connecting routes will link United with China Taiwan Hong Kong Thailand Singapore and the Philippines. The system also includes flight Between los Angeles and Australia and new zealand. United Long has sought to extend its operations abroad. Competitors have complained that the acquisition from pan am will make United a dominant Carrier in the rapidly growing Pacific Market because of its extensive Domestic route system that will feed passengers onto the overseas flights. Better watch out workmen fasten a huge Christmas tree on Pruden tial Center Plaza in Boston with the lower looming in the misty background. The annual treat signals hat the Christmas season is approaching fast the cite will be lit on dec. 2. Hurricane Carter can be released from prison Federal judge rules Vidlet a tits i i a no a j. _ to i. I Newark . A a Federal judge ruled thurs Day that former middleweight boxing contender Rubin Hurricane Carter can be released from jail saying his 1977 triple murder conviction was based on racial stereo types and errors by the prosecution. . District judge h. Lee Sarokin granted the 48 year old Carter a writ of Hareas Corpus in effect overturn ing his conviction along with alleged accomplice John Artis in the 1966 shooting of a bartender and two Patron sin a Paterson tavern. The Case sparked nations attention around 1976, when Carter and Anis s first conviction was thrown out. Celebrities including Muhammad Ali and Bob Dylan helped raised about $600,000 for a defense fund. The alleged racism in the Case was detailed in Bob Diin s the Ballad of tote unusual writ allows Carter to apply immediately to Sarokin for release on bail from Rahway state Pris Nartis was paroled in 1981. Bail would Only be required for Carter if state pros ecu is decide to Appeal Sarokin s ruling to the 3rd . Upon an Appeal to racism rather than reason and conceal ment rather than the judge said he was granting the writ mindful that the state can seek a retrial but hopeful that constitutional considerations will Sarokin also noted witnesses have changed their accounts of the crime some witnesses have died and others have memories that have grown John p. Goceljak first assistant prosecutor for Passaic county said he could not comment on the judge s ruling because he had not seen it. Authorities contended Carter and Artis both Black shot up the predominantly while layfayette bar and Lor l is circuit court of appeals. If the Passaic county prosecutor s office declines to Appeal Sarokin is Likely to from Recarter defense lawyers Saio if there is no Appeal this it the end of the Case " said Lewis m. Steel lawyer for Artis. We re of course Sarokin s decision docs not bar Passaic county officials from seeking another trial of Carter and Artis although it would be their third prosecution in the Case. Carter and Artis original 1967 conviction was thrown out by the stale supreme court which also cited improper prosecution. Sarokin ruled Carter and Artis convictions were based pc permitted to draw inferences of guilt base solely upon the race of the defendants Sarokin wrote. Mi5iu ssi. C two Mihl no Var Nave convicted if 8Tve we thu tonal or my won Rel Ria in 1976 Becali Lavo Rable defense evidence was suppressed Thev were convicted again and sentenced in 1 97?p "1""1 Lorce life sentences two Oft consecutively. Artis . ?? have san liable for parole around the deT, " Pok Man for the of corrections. In january 1984, a request for a third trial was denied. World m Iain consid i " top contender for the Emne ? Etc a Crown loser 8 � 5-" � d a Champion Joey Giardullo in 1964 55=
