European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - January 9, 1987, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Friday january. 1987 the stars and stripes health & Page 0 scion a news research Sheds Light on nightmares sufferers May have some personality disorders Chicago a lifelong night Mare sufferer Are creative but vulnerable people who May be schizophrenic paranoid or May suffer from other personality disorders a researcher said Overall the term that seems to sump their characteristics Best is thin boundaries " or. Ernest Hartmann chief author of a study in january s archives of general psychiatry said wednesday. The periodical h published by the american medical association. They Are thin skinned thin inter per anally thin intr personally. They Are even than in terms of Wake sleep Pat Tern meaning they May not experience deep sleep Hartmann said. A Hartmann led five researchers from the sleep research Laboratory at bos Ion s Lemuel Shattuck Hospital and nearby Cambridge Hospital in testing 36people, Ages 20 to 35, twelve of the 36 reported having at least one Long frightening dream a week since before age 5. Another 12 had no nightmares but did report vivid dreams and the other 12 reported having neither nightmares nor dreams. Each group had the same number of women and men. The most common Nightmare was that of being chased by a frightening figure or group of people the study said. Five of the 11 Nightmare subjects reported they were sometimes Slabbed beaten or shot. With a couple of exceptions it waste sleepers themselves who were in Dan Ger Hartmann said. Among the 12 Nightmare sufferers the researchers diagnosed two As having schizophrenia a severe mental disorder whose sufferers have a distorted View of reality and experience delusions. Three of the 12 Nightmare sufferers had Schizo Sypal personality disorders and another had borderline personality disorders the remaining six reported occasional paranoid feelings and other personality problems. More of the Nightmare sufferers were unemployed than in the other two groups and those who were employed had occupations related to the arts the study found. Eight described themselves As musicians painters poets or Craft persons though they did not support themselves totally at these occupations the article said. Marriages sexual relationships and friendships of the Nightmare sufferers were described As unsettled compared with the other control groups. They became Over involved in relationships with difficult painful separations Hartmann said. None of the 12 Nightmare sufferers described themselves As purely homosexual. But two considered themselves bisexual and seven bad dreams or fanta sies involving sexual experience with both sexes. Seven described their child Hood As difficult or unhappy. The one theme that occurred in the entire group was that the Nightmare sufferers saw themselves As different fro Mother children in some  the study said. The words most commonly use were More sensitive More artistic or More easily Hurt. More strikingly they have a certain openness sensitivity and vulnerability which we might consider a problem in ego Structure formation or an unusual ego Structure Hartmann said. Openness sensitivity and vulnerability can be both Good and bad. Those things Are useful if you re creative but they can also be  some of the findings were More pronounced in men than in women Hart Mann Laid but there was no statistical difference. Tests indicate Nightmare sufferers Are not dangerously psychotic and Are not people with powerful hostilities or peo ple with an unusual number of fears Hartmann said. The study says longtime Nightmare sufferers represent probably less than 1percent of the population. Aids tests urged for . Troops Bock from Kenya London up medics urged some 600 British soldiers who recently resumed from Ait eight week tour of duty in Kenya to be tested for aids after at least 40 caught venereal Dis eases a military spokesman said  troops from the elite army battalion based in Scotland received a medical briefing before leaving for exercises in Kenya on the Dan Gers of acquired immune deficiency syndrome which is Rife in East Africa. But during their tour they were Given several Days leave on the kenyan coast near Mombasa a haunt of prostitutes and medical checks revealed at least 40 came Down with venereal Dis ease the spokesman said the troops Are now Back at their base in in verness in Scotland and another battalion re placing them in Kenya has been warned not to Lake any leave along Kenya s coast where prostitutes congregate. Instead arrangements have been made for them to spend leave at an Inland safari Park where they would not face the lure of prostitutes the spokesman said. Aids a fatal disease transmitted through sex Ual Contact or tainted blood products is wide spread in Africa. In the West aids is primarily a disease afflicting homosexuals Tuu Tough it is spreading into the heterosexual population. In East Africa it is widespread among heterosexuals. S enter percen aids etiquette latest problem for dating couples in the 80s by Jan Ziecler a research psychologist at the University of California Washington up love and Romance have always been fraught with uncertainly but aids has added an ominous new dimension. Heterosexuals who previously thought aids was a Gay disease and believed they bad nothing to fear arc worried now. The fear Springs from government and scientific reports warning that the general population unless celibate or in strictly faithful monogamous relationships could come into Contact with the Sims that causes the inevitably fatal disease. Many sexually Active heterosexuals Are More interested than Ever before in minimizing their chances of coming into Contact with that virus a problem that has set the searching far a new sexual etiquette in the age of aids. Acting As interpreter the government has offered Handy phrases limit the number of your partners know your partner and when in doubt use a condom. Collectively these practices Are known As Safe sex. They will not eliminate ask entirely but they will lower it. Reducing the number of contacts is a simple enough matter but following the rest of the advice May pro. Tent difficulties. There is no topic in the world i Don t have an opinion on but on this i m just super cautious says the bubbly or. Ruth welsheimer whose Call in radio show sexually speaking television appear ances and Book have reached millions of people. It would be very unrealistic to use scare technique by saying hey people out there Stop having sex because that s not going to work she says. There Are several ways to know your  you can get to know someone Over a Long period and try Tobe reasonably certain about his habits or you can interview them. This is a losing strategy says or. Leon Mckusick a t at the of Aat san Francisco and editor of a Book called what to do about  it s impossible to judge based on information gained within the Lime of a Brief interview whether one should sleep with  besides the problem of getting enough information in a Short time there is the problem of whether that information will Ever be revealed at All. Says or. Ruth Are you asking somebody with whom did you sleep Over the last five years How do you know he did i have a homosexual affair female homosexual acts Are not considered risky for aids transmission. Even if he did t have a homosexual affair says Mckusick he May have slept with a woman who had previously slept with a bisexual Man or an intravenous drug user and May not know it asks Judith Cohen a psychologist with the univer sity of California sponsored project aware association for women s aids research and education How much do you have to know about a person be fore you can be sure Cohen says the person who has had a very Large number of partners Over the years or the one who has had a bisexual Contact May be pretty unusual. Themore common situation is the person who has bad less than thousands and More than one partner Over the last five years and who in t sure. Most of them would rather forget the behaviour that was risky the says. For those who do choose to discuss sexual histories there is no etiquette says Jane zones a sociologist at the University of California at san Francisco s depart ment of behavioural science and health policy. It s just a nuttier of biting the Bullet and bringing it up a tactfully As possible she says. Head a rays not always necessary study says Boston a the common Hospi Tal practice of giving people head a rays for minor bumps and bruises can safely be eliminated saving millions of dollars annually said a study published thursday. A rays rarely provide useful information even when people have serious injuries according to the study. It said physicians instead should concentrate on obtaining cat scans or having patients checked by neurosurgeons. Three fourths of the head injuries treated in Hospital emergency rooms Are trivial said or. Stuart j. Masters who directed the study. They include such complaints a bumps bruises cuts headaches and dizziness. Instead of giving people a rays for these minor problems masters said they can safely be sent Home with instructions for another adult to watch for diminished consciousness a sign of potentially serious injury. At a knee Jerk level at most hospitals if you fall and bump your head you get a series of Skull a rays he said my physicians Are reluctant not to Lake head a rays because they Are afraid of miss ing a fracture and getting  masters said 50 percent and 70 per cent of the 2.4 million head a rays Given in Hospital emergency rooms each year Are not needed head a rays typically Cost Between $75 and 1150, so reducing their frequency could save millions of dollars. Masters said. We Are hoping that the country will recognize that it s overkill to order All these films " matters said. In our study we pointed Oul that it s fear of missing a fracture that compels physicians to order rays in our Low risk category of head injury we have yet to find a single patient who had an Init cranial  bleeding and swelling inside he Skull Are the major danger of serious head in juries. A rays can detect Skull fractures. However masters said most people with fractures Don t have bleeding in their skulls. And those who do May not have fractures. Typical minor Skull fractures do not require treatment. The study conducted with Philip m. Mcclean of he . Food and drug administration and published in the new England journal of Medicine was base largely on a Survey of 7,035 head injury patients at 31 Hospital emergency rooms in the Washington d.c., area. In 5,252 of them the injuries were minor half of these Low risk patients received head x rays but none had bleeding or other damage inside their skulls