European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - April 24, 1987, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Ring Back continued from Page 13 widely on National service. He said there is about 10 limes More interest in Ira Issue than there was a Lew years ago but the time when the foundation for a National service plan might be implemented is stiff far off. House and Senate armed services committee staffers also downplayed the significance of the Issue. At the moment. Those Are the Commilles through which any serious proposals regarding compulsory military service would have to pass on their Way to becoming Law a Calfers say they see Little evidence that the Issue will gain enough support to Merit that kind of consideration anytime soon i think it s lust going to remain talk said a Senate. Staffer. The democrats did t do too Well with the youth Vole in 1980 or 1934, and this in t the kind of legislation that s Likely to endear them to those voters. I Don l expect a National service Bill to pass the Senate in the near  the House staffer said at least one Bill calling for a draft is introduced in Congress every year and it never goes any further. Trial May be because the Basic line of reasoning among critics of the All Volunteer Force is a bit skewed he said. The thrust of the argument which is always expressed with excruciating imprecision by people such As Ted Kennedy Rollings and Nunn who is not generally known for his imprecise thinking is that lha Ell Volunteer Force is a failure because America s youth is not serving the country they say the emphasis should be on service to the nation and the importance of inculcating that attitude among our Young  he said. But How do you Foster that attitude by demanding that they serve1? that has just the opposite effect the House armed service committee is planning a series of hearings later this year on the entire spectrum of military manpower issues including How Well the All Volunteer Force is working and possible alternatives to Iho present system. But the likelihood at a return to conscription an Lima soon is about As Good As the Sun exploding  the stapler said. An anti draft protester kick a draftee at an in auction Center d raft dates Back to civil War a Large scale military draft was no seen in the United states unlit the civil War. But Ihei Dea of Universal military service stretches Backoo colonial times. George Washington commander of the Continental armies in the revolutionary War was a firm believer our Only Aid in Manning the new country s armed forces will be derived from  he told the Continental Congress in a 1778 address. But ii was t until 1663 that the Federal government first used a draft. As the civil War escalated. Congress passed the enrolment act a highly unpopular Law that caused rioting in some areas most Nolab Hynew York oly. The confederacy had already put its own draft into effect the year before. The Lew lapsed Afler the civil War and by the time world War i broke out the nation had Only a Skeleton army and Navy. The army numbered Only 100,000 men. The following month Aller Bilter debate a selective service Law was passed which included provisions for deferments and exemptions. Members of recognized peace churches could obtain conscientious Obj Elor status and serve As noncombatants. More than half of the 24 million men called up tried to claim exemptions. Another 250,000 did t Register. In August 1918,16.000 draft dodgers were arrested in new York City alone. Bui by Iho end of the War. 4 3 million people were in uniform subsequent efforts to establish Universal military service were Delca Ted in Congress and the armed forces went to voluntary recruiting. By 1921 army strength had dropped to 200.000. In 1940, renewed debate about cons up Jon began advocates Lavord a Stafl to meet increased manpower needs in the lace of How does in Europe and rho Pacific while opponents said in was undemocratic. Congress decided on a one year program called to selective service training act it was extended in 1941, passing in the House of representatives by Only one Vole. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor Congress gave president Roosevelt the authority to Send draftees anywhere in the world previously draftees had been restricted to the Western hemisphere and outlying . Territories. The world War ii legislation provided deferments for men in jobs considered to be As vital to the nation As military service. The Law also broadened the definition of conscientious objector to include any religious training and belie. In 1948 president Truman signed legislation in the lace of growing cold War tension with the soviet Union. This peacetime draft had men aged 19 to 26 serve for one year. In 1951, during the korean War Congress passed a Law Catling for dra Lees to serve two years on Active duly and six years in the reserves. That Law was renewed in 955, 19s9.1963 and 1967. The Only changes during that time raised the menial and physical minimums for acceptance into service. As opposition to the Vietnam War grew the nation saw its first anti draft riots in Over a Century. In 1969, president Nixon appointed the commission on the All Volunteer Force to study the possibility of ending the draft. The commission said thai if pay raises and other reforms were passed a Volunteer Force could be used without threatening National Security. In september 1971, Congress approved an Extension of lha selective service act through 1973 and also approved significant pay increases for the military the auth oily to induct draft registrants ended Juno 30. 1073, and the nation committed Itsell to a Volunteer Loice by 1976. Local registration boards were phased out the selective service system was dormant until 1980, when legislation was passed to reinstate Tegi Starlion without authorizing induction. . Page 14 the stars and stripes Secretary of War Newton d. Baker draw the Tartt number to Friday april 24.