European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - August 14, 1987, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Friday August 14, 1967 the stars and stripes Page 3 mines mine sweeping operation lines trailing behind mine sweeper either detonate mines by1 simulating effects of ship movements or Cut line that Anchor them 10 sea floor ump Oxted mines that surface Are detonated by machine gun fires general types surface subsurface floating or tethered to maintain a fixed distance below the surface h Bottom dwellers much More difficult to detect and dear. Almost an Modem mines Are of this  Bottom mines such As the . Navy s captor release a Horning torpedo. Types of sensors Contact mine explodes on Contact Maui tic reacts to magnetic Fiew created by near Tysma acoustic is triggered by noise of a passing ship or wire responds to slight change in water pressure when ship passes overhead temperature mine senses change in water temperature from passing ship Italy Netherlands reportedly will Send mine sweepers to Gulf Minneapolis Al Italy and the Netherlands will soon Send mine sweep ers to the persian Gulf area joining until in and France in acting to protect in Crown shipping in the Region according to a published report. The Minneapolis Star and Tribune in its thursday editions said the information came from an unnamed senior administration official in Washington. The official said that while each of in four countries would stress that they were acting independently to protect their own shipping each plans to coordinate its activities with inc . Navy so As not to duplicate efforts the newspaper reported. The report did not say How Man ships would be sent or How soon. Italy had rejected a . Request Lojkin in mine sweeping operations to secure Safe passage for Oil tankers. Income on wednesday italian foreign minister Giulio Andreotti said any such action should be taken under the auspices of an International body such As the United nations. Defense minister Alcrio Zanoni said tuesday thai Italy was open to a coordinated european initiative on inc Gulf Cri Sis. He did not Rule out the possibility that Italy might eventually Send mine sweepers to the Gulf. Britain and France announced tues Day they had decided to Send mine sweepers to the persian Gulf Region. British defense Secretary George younger said four ships were being sent in a limited Mission to protect British warships and commercial vessels. He stressed that inc mine sweepers would not join the . Navy in escorting re flagged kuwaiti vessels. France s defense minister Andre Giraud said two mine sweepers would Joina naval Squadron in route to the Region but that Here was no plan to use the for combined operations with the United slates. Insurance rotes boosted for ships in Gulf of Oman London up ships passing through the perilous Gulf of Oman at the Mouth of the persian Gulf for the first Lime will have o pay More in War risk insurance premiums Lloyd s of London underwriters said  an incident in which a . Chartered supertanker hit a mine under writer agreed during a tuesday meeting to immediately begin charging a War risk Premium equivalent to 0.125 percent of the insured value of a vessel s Hull. The move in effect extends the zone covered by War risk premiums in the Gulf and is certain to affect Tanker i Rales. As Many As 50 vessels regularly wait at the Busy Anchorage off the United Arab Emi Rales port of Fuja Irah Aid Lloyd s. In the Case of a 132 million supertanker an extra Premium of 0.125 percent could add about $25,000 to the insurance charge for a two week period in i Egulf insurance experts said. Christopher Rome chairman of Lloyd s underwriters association said the company was responding to inc Inci Dent in which the 274,347-Lon Texaco Caribbean a .-operated Tanker struck a mine monday in the Gulf of Oman. Spill poses threat to Gulf environment Boston a a supertanker damaged by Amine has spilled 2.5 million Gallons of Oil into the persian Gulf a spill an environmental expert said wednesday could endanger Marine life and coastal areas. A statement issued wednesday by Texaco said the Captain of the Texaco Caribbean estimated that his ship had lost 8,000 tons about 2.5 million Gallons As a result of hitting a mine monday. Toe incident docs have the potential Tor major environmental problems said Richard Golob editor of the weekly Oil spill intelligence report and director of the Center Tor Short lived Phenomena a Cam Bridge based organization that monitors natural and Man made occurrences. However Texaco said in a statement issued through it new York Headquarters rapid efforts have. The ship is no arts Are being Coord i brought under control the spillage. Thonger leaking Oil. And control Effort Are noted with the local  Golob said he had no reports of spilled Oil washing up on Shore although some Slicks were reported close 10 the coastline. At potential environmental risk arc Oman and the United Arab emirates he said. Any loss of Between 1 million Gallons and 2.5 Mil lion Gallons of Oil is a major spill Golob said. In 1985, there were Only two Tanker Oil spills exceed ing 1 million gallon he said. Figures for 1986 Are incomplete he said. The change in military strategy in the Gulf from missile attacks against the tankers to mines carries with in the potential for enormous environmental dam age Golob said. The Tanker attacks Are a 3 a year old Side Battle in the 7-year War Between Iran and Iraq. During All the attack on tankers to Date very little011 pollution has taken place the reason being thai the missiles Are heat seeking and seek out the engine room and not cargo areas he said. 2 held in alleged murder of Sailor san Diego a two crewmen on the aircraft Carrier Constellation arc being held in a naval Brig in the Philippines pending courts martial in the murder of a shipmate in the arabian sea a Navy spokesman said. Seamen Marc Charles Del Vielt use 20, of Stock Bridge ga., and Altro Hernandez or. 20, of Rosharon Texas were transferred from he ship to inc Subic Bay naval Brig in the Philippines to await rial. The tvo there charged wednesday in the death of airman Martin t. Sturdy 21, of Chandler aha he Wax bludgeoned and stabbed and Hii body was believed to have been throw to overboard cmdr. Ron Wildermuth said. It appears his assailants were attempting to Rob him of the Money thai was on his person Wilder Mulh said. A search Tor sturdy s body has been  Laid. Delevieleuse and Hernandez Are charged under the uniform code of military Justice Wilh murder Rob Bery and conspiracy to commit robbery and murder. A court martial could be held in san Diego Hawaii or Subic Bay he said. Gas pipeline pact reported of d by Iran soviet Union Nicosia Cyprus a Iran said wednes Day a preliminary agreement had been reached with Moscow for a convened trans soviet  pipeline to transport iranian Oil to the Black sea Hussein Kazempour Ard Biti a Deputy Oil minister was quoted by the official islamic re Public news Agency As saying the pipeline could technically be operational within three months. There was no immediate soviet confirmation the iranian Agency also quoted a Debili As saying iranian Oil exports have not been affected by iraqi air attacks on his nation shipping and Oil  week. Oil minister Gholamreza Aqa Iauch said soviet experts were due in Tehran this monthly discuss plans for transporting iranian Oil through the pipeline to the Black sea for  soviet Union seeking belter relations with its Southern islamic neighbor his disclosed mos cow and Tehran Are negotiating the reopening of the  pipeline and a possible second rail link. Soviet foreign ministry spokesman Gennady Gerasimov said in Moscow last Friday both sides wanted an agreement. The  pipeline has been out of use since 1979. A Azadeh said Oil would be Rampone through the convened  pipeline and if Nec Essary a new pipeline would be constructed tothe Black sea