European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - January 6, 1988, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 4 the stars and stripes wednesday january 6,1988 mistake presents taxing problem for arkansans Little Rock Ark. A the slate s in come Tai forms icon Loo Good to be True this year they  of the wrong four letter word the forms appear to in Tilic most residents to a 100 percent  goof is m line 50 on the form when lax payers subtract Taj credits from the amount of tax liability to determine the amount of lax  form says to enter Zero if line 49 is less than line 44. It should have said More. Of course it s an error that we wish had not happened said Revenue commissioner Jim Pledger. We re All human. Mistakes do Tup Pledger said the More than  forms will nol be recalled because Hal would take Loo Long. Stale income la returns Are due May 1 i. Instead the stale will notify accountants and Tai prep arc of the mistake and we Hope the radio and to will run Public service announce ments to Lei Taipan in know about the error Pledger said. The instruction Book with he forms has the Comet information Foster said and the stale Hopes Many taxpayers will do the right thing. F hey Don a he said the stale will do in for  really Haven t and time in study the error and ils potential Impact at this time Foster said. As soon As Hal study is finished we will have time to make a better assessment of the  smoking multiplies risk from radon experts say Washington api the risk of developing lung cancer from breathing radon appears to decline i concentrations of the deadly Gas Are reduced but smoking multiplies the risk instead of just adding to in a scientific committee reported tuesday. The National research Council panel estimated that the Power of radon to induce lung cancer Wai in the Middle of earlier estimates which the environmental Protection. Agency hailed As evidence we re on inc right  Epa has estimated thai naturally occurring radon in Homes could be responsible for 5,000 to 20,000 cases of lung cancer every year a urge fraction of Fth lung cancer not caused by smoking. Al the request of the Epa and the nuclear regulatory commission the Council s committee on the biological effects of ionizing Radii on Drew up new estimates of the effects of radioactive materials emitting Alpha particles of form of radioactivity in Side the body. The Council is an affiliate of the National Academy of sciences. The request led to detailed re examination of stud ies showing that radon causes lung cancer four stud ies of 22,190 uranium miners Al a mine in Sweden iwo mines in Canada and Al mines in Colorado and new Mexico in some cases starting in the 19sos. The researchers sent original unpublished data from three studies to new statistical analyses and had Access to detailed data summaries from the fourth. The committee concluded that radon risks fall when exposure ends a stand similar to widely accepted conclusions that the risk Flung cancer from smoking Falls when a smoker stops. And in said the lung cancer risk to smokers associated with exposure to radon progeny is substantially greater than the risk to  the two risks Don t simply add up but appear to multiply together to produce the Overall risk. An example from the committee s tables a 40-year old male non smoker exposed to the Epa s action level of radon All his life and who reduces that expo sure to background Levels new probably has lost 0.04 years from his remaining life expectancy. But a smoker has lost 0.39 years. A 40-year-old female non smoker with similar expo sure who ends exposure now probably has lost 0.02 years of life expectancy. But the smoker has lost 0.23  committee said speculation As to what this Means for the biological mechanism by which radon produces lung cancer was unwarranted because the subject obviously deserves further Laboratory and Clini Cal  is a chemically inert Gas that is formed in the radioactive decay of uranium present in almost All soils. The Gas also Breaks Down and some of in radioactive products notably polonium can Lodge in the lung irradiating tissues for a Long time after exposure. An extra risk from smoking has Long been suspected because the smoke Parl Clu can pics up radioactive polonium already present in tobacco leaves from the air and carry it into the lungs the phenomenon Al first was thought to concern Only miners who have been extensively studied or people living in houses built on uranium waste  it is recognized that radon exposure is wide spread because houses can concentrate it often but nol always when the building is tightened in the interest of heating  has recommended that homeowners act to reduce radon when the concentration is 4 Picoc urics per liter of air or above a concentration it Sayi will increase the average Chance of lung cancer by  a Cal to 5.0 percent Over a lifetime. Dentists reluctant to put Down drills study shows Chicago a most dental Jia Lionts would rather have their cavities dissolved than drilled a study found bul a researcher says dentists May be slow to accept the new technique because drilling is part of their professional identity. The technique of dissolving cavities is relatively new introduced to the Public last year after the . Food and drag administration approved the marketing of a chemical solution called Cari Dix by a new Jersey company. Four Northwestern University re searchers who studied 35 patients found 60 percent preferred treatment Wilh car Dicj to drilling according to a report scheduled fur presentation to the inter National association for denial research in March Lac Van percent of inc patients said they would prefer drilling and 29 percent i they had no preference according to the study. Even a. We suspect very few dentists Are using it on their a aliens said re searcher Robert Mortti a psychologist who Heads the Northwestern dental toothless in the . In percent of each age group during periods surveyed a 33-44 ago4s-54 1960-62 1971-74 1985-86 16 ago 55-64 1960-62 1971-741 1985-881 ago 65-74 f 960-62 m 1871-74 by 1985-86 i 136.3 133.2 114.6 49. I 45,5 Chicago tit bunt graphic Sourm Huott Tkv plus of Dwiel a Tordi school s division of behavioural Ienco dentists Are generally a conservative lot and i think because drilling has Bee pan often Lisiy since the very beginning and because Many identify with but procedure giving it up would require a Dif Ference in the Way they see themselves Morelli said. He said people afraid of going to dentists an most fearful of drilling and injections. Eliminating or reducing the me of drilling could result in Mare people going to the dentist Morelli said bul if unit is going to become wide spread. And quickly patients Are going to have to demand or request  treatment with carides often requires some drilling id shape the cavity and tooth for fillings bul almost Alvavi Les than the conventional method he said. The Chicago based american denial association gave carides its approval and regards the substance As a Safe and effective treatment for cavities said t spokesman who asked not to be identified by  said figures compiled by the association show use of can Dix is mowing. Predicted College enrolment dip foiled to occur Washington a projected drop in inc nation s College enrolment failed to materialize last fall As campuses managed to keep i hair classrooms full despite the continuing drop in the number of 1 s-to-24 year Olds the government reported tuesday. The education department s Center for education so Alistick. Which had predicted enrolments would dip from 12.4 million to 12. Million estimated instead thai 12,544,000 students showed up for classes As the school year Slart cd. The Center reported that 7,2 million students were enrolled full Lime and i.3 million pan time with women continuing to Ous number men 6.67 million to 5.88 million. Undergraduates accounted for 10.si Mil lion ofic enrolment and graduate students 1.6 Mil lion. The nation s higher education enrolment continues to hold steady even though the traditional col Cje a Olds is still declining Ifie Center said in an Early estimates report. The projected enrolment decline in higher education has nol  although some colleges have been hit by sagging enrolments due to the Sharp drop in the number of youths of traditional College age most have Kepi their numbers up or even expanded by intensifying Market ing and recruitment efforts and opening new programs aimed at part timers. The Center based its figures on a Telephone Survey of More than 600 institutions in the fall. The actual enrolment data from All 3,400 two and four year col Leges in the United states will not be available until later this  Center characterized the enrolment picture As stable instead of stating flatly that enrolment Rose this fall. Although the estimates for 1987 Are High Erin most cases than those for 1986, inc differences m the Sample Are nol statistically significant in said. Al the Start of the 1980s, More than 4 million . Teen agers were turning 14 Isach year. Only 3,i million a Umcil 8 in 1986, according to census Bureau figures. More than half of All College students today Are 22 or older and More than one third Are 25 or older Accord ing to inc private american Council on education the Center said the number of degrees awarded the 1986-87 academic year was 1.8 million about the same As the previous year. The Only significant drop we � 4 percent decrease in the number of two year associate degrees awarded 427,000, Down from 446.000 in 1985-84.the Center said campuses awarded 987,000 Bache Lor s degree291.000 master s degrees 34,000 pb.d.1 and 74.000 first professional degrees. Higher education had si08 billion in revenues and spent s106 billion in 1986-87, in said. Revenues were up i percent and expenditures 6 percent for the year