European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - February 9, 1988, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Cholesterol and fat partners in crime by Marian Burros new York times in a recent new Vark times Survey i american eating habits 25 percent Al 1he respondents said they Walcho their cholesterol intake Al every meal but when these people were asked what they had eaten the Day before they described meals High in Tal and chd Sterol Hon so Many of us. The respondents probably were not really sure what to look Lor when Wal chm the cholesterol in Iti Eit meals not did they seem so understand that to reduce the cholesterol level in the Wood it is Assn Lial to reduce not Orty dietary cholesterol but also fat especially saturated fat cholesterol and saturated Tat Are not the same cholesterol a White crystalline substance is l and Only in animals. Your body Ranul allures its own. Saturated Lal is in an animal products As Well As in Coconut net Palm oils ii is no essential to the Del a acc Chi Ictor Itom a Reader pinpoints part of the contusion about cholesterol a id saturated Lal what in  position on shellfish " whole a new yorker who had been Lold logo on a Low cholesterol diet. Years ago people thought they wore slimming then came the bad word All shellfish arc High in cholesterol. Now i hear but can l Lind in Pant that Como Are worse than Olhorn and some Oren l had Al All. Please in Lighton to according to the most i recent findings the can eat All shellfish. But no one can blame her Lor being confused. The health profession keeps switching signal. Ii does so because new information comes to Light every Day and what May have seemed appropriate live years ago no longer is Bui jus.1 because the rules keep changing it docs l mean we should give up Iho game every time to think we have heard the last word on cholesterol something happens to put it Back on the front Pago. Most recently it was the announce Mon of St ice now guidelines Lor blood cholesterol Levels from the National heat. Lung and blood Institute. The 19b6 report said that total blood cholesterol should be below zoo milligrams at 200 to 239 milligrams a person is at moderate ask for coronary artery disease at More than 240 milligrams at High risk. For people with blood cholesterol above 240. The import urged treatment first through Dion. And in that failed through drugs. Those Al moderate risk should have another Tysl to determine the Levels of the diff Mienl kinds of cholesterol in the blood High density lipoproteins Hal Ollen called Good cholesterol and Low density Bdl culled bad cholesterol alter Dolo mining this changes must be made m the diet. For people at moderate Lisk who also have two of lha other risk factors the tie Alment should be the same As Tot those in the High risk group. The other risk actors Are these being male smoking having hypertension being obese having diabetes having Tow Hal 01 High Bdl or having a family history of premature heart disease or strokes. Or. William p. Caste the medical director of the Framingham heart study supports the recommendations of the heart. Lung and blood Institute. Speaking to a conference on fish Oil supplements last Ian. Castell called Tor a crusade on cholesterol like the crusade on High blood  to now he said the medical profession has ailed because vows have not understood the Impact of saturated  what s gone wrong in american Medicine Castelli asked his colleagues. We Don t do die in american Medicine and that s  he emphasized that to lower scrum cholesterol in is not enough to Cut but foods thai Are Rich in cholesterol like Oggs and Organ meals. To make his Point he used the cholesterol and saturated fat Index  outlined in the new american diet by Sonja l. And William a Connor. The , combines chg Levels of cholesterol and Salura Tod Lal in toads. The lower the Index the better the food is Tor you. This does not apply to children under iwo years old who need Tal and cholesterol Lor Normal development. For example Ca Slitti explained shrimp is ranked worse than Beel pwn or Lamb it cholesterol but if you rank it Wilh ils saturated fat it ranks the same As Chicken without the  even though some shellfish is real Ivory High in cholesterol it is so Low in saturated Tal that people on Low Choc Sterol Diels can eat in " we reviving you Back All your  a Ghol Sterol sol United fat Indue and galore Content of fish poultry and Rod a at Tho lower the ., the More healthful a Tood is. Torn 3vt ounce or 100 Gram cooed . Cilot Tal Whin till snapper Perch sole cod halibut Etc Stutt fish clams oysters scallops a Ltd Pae tuna Salmon shall flip shrimp crab lobster poultry no thin bad port and Lamb 10% Tat ground sirloin flank Steak 1 a fat ground round 3d i ground Chuck pot roasts 30% 111 ground beef pork and Lamb steaks ribs pork and Lamb chops roasts 9 10 13 18 91 14s 104 171 214 2jlas 31 cow Troi Broil unit in Castelli said. Molluscs oysters clams and scallops have the lowest cholesterol compared to anything else. They Are like vegetarians. H you can t be a vegetarian cat a vegetarian from the  we Are also giving you Back the crustaceans shrimp lobster and crab he said. They Are High in cholesterol but Low in saturated  Castelli cautioned thai this advice does not mean that you can eat unlimited amounts of  shrimp lobster and crab Are no worse Riovo Fitim than Chicken and that is not counting the fish oils in them he said. He did not suggest however that healthy people take of Isril supplements which have been heavily promoted As a Way to reduce the risk of heart disease. I Savoil supplements need studies to prove their safety and Efficacy he said. For most americans the reason their cholesterol is too High is More because they eat Loo much saturated Tat twi because they cat too much cholesterol Castelli said. New England journal of Medicine gatekeeper of medical research by Lawrence a Altman new York times or weeks the results of a major now study on aspirin s ability to prevent heart disease were known by Many scientists government officials business leaders and journalists. But he results deemed urgent by the National institutes of health. Were not to be publicly disclosed until Jan. 28 As the nation s most influential leaders of health policy and researchers awaited the publication of the findings in the new England journal of Medicine a weekly professional publication owned by the Massachusetts medical society ii was dramatic testimony to the journal s growth in recent years As a powerful National institution screening meet Cas information directing its release and cont rafting the Way scientists and the press conduct the business of Public discourse. The growth of the journal s influence is welcomed by those who see ii As an important arbiter of the merits of medical research. However Many medical experts worry that this single journal and perhaps a handful of others exercises undue Power Over the flow of information on medical research. It is information thai influences government policy promotions careers financial markets science policy Grants and. Not Lea the treatment of patients. The 176-year-olt journal s place in modern Medicine in Par reflects its determination to guard the Public against unwarranted claims for medical findings. Ii also reflects a relatively new motive in medical journalism the desire for newsworthiness which in turn 19 related to the need to make profits. These motives Are shared by Many other scientific journals Hal following the new England journal s Lead have also taken measures to restrict Early discussion of research findings. The Foci that the no England journal of Medicine was the Organ for releasing this important report rather than Tho government was All to the Good according to or. Claude Lelant the director of the National heart lung and blood Institute who views a partnership of government science and the journal As beneficial for health care in the country. Lelant said in an interview that the Choice of this journal was made by the principal investigator or. Charles h. Hennekens of Harvard and not the government. Lent ant said the government had reached an agreement Wilh the journal under Wlinich i sped up the timing of scientific review and publication in return for the government s cooperation in not publicly releasing the Dala until ii held a news conference on the Day of publication several health and Industry organizations issued news releases timed to coincide with lha report s publication. However in a rare instance the research was reported one Day Early this time when the Reuter news Agency moved the Story on ils wire. Reuters said it had Learned about the findings from Industry sources who declined to be identified. The medical Grapevine was fun of rumours on who those sources were. One principal who asked not to be identified said that or Arnold s. Relman the editor of the new England journal had made inquiries Hying to pinpoint lha source of the leak of information that was. Already widely known. The combination of prestige and the drive to make news has resulted in a Lute issued by the journal years ago and now deeply understood by any scientist who wants to publish in it tha announcement of findings before the journal has pub sorted them can result in the journal not publishing them Al Al. White other journal try to limit disclosure of their articles until Tho late of publication scientists perceive the now England journal As the strident in enforcing it. Many have attacked the Rule though few critics win speak for the record. However one or. Two Reinhardt a widely respected health economist at Princeton University discussing the publication s influence has publicly said the new England journal of Medicine has honed the manipulation of data and information to a Fine Art and it is Alt in the name of peer review. Bui ii Sally is in the name of profit. There la really no other name for thai ii is somewhat  Page 16 the stars and St Lopes tuesday february 9,1988