European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - October 9, 1990, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Tuesday october 9, 1990 the stars and stripes Page is sharing Nobel Pri doctors honoured for work in transplant Fields m so Phon an a. Stockholm Sweden apr an american who performed the first kidney transplant and the american who pioneered Bone marrow transplants won the Nobel prize in Medicine monday. Or. Joseph e. Murray 71, discovered How to prevent tissue rejection when organs Are transplanted in people and the work of or. E. Donnall Thomas 70, diminished the severe reaction that Bone marrow grafts can cause in recipients the Nobel Assembly of the Karolinsky Institute said in awarding the prize. A i really thought this work was too clinical to Ever win the prize a Thomas said monday morning from his Home in Bellevue Wash. A there Are Many scientist re searchers out there who Are eligible for this prize. A a it a a Long shot at Best and it would be a mistake to waste time thinking about winning  americans have now won or shared the prize in Medicine 32 times in the past 21 years compared with 19 winners from All other countries combined. Murray and Thomas did their groundbreaking research in the 1950s and 1960s. A a Murray a and Thomas discoveries Are crucial for those tens of thousands of severely ill patients who either can be cured or be Given a decent life when other treatment methods Are without Success a said the 50-member Assembly of Sweden a largest and oldest medical University. A this years laureates paved the Way for transplantation in Man a said the award citation. Murray born in Milford mass., is affiliated with Brigham and women a Hospital in Boston. Thomas is with the Fred Hutchinson cancer research Center in Seattle. The prize shared by Murray and Thomas Worth Mcdonald s opens in China amid fanfare Zhenzhen China up a amid firecrackers lion dances and crowd scenes usually found on the chinese new year Mcdonald a opened its first fast food restaurant monday in China. A Chain of 20 Mcdonald a employees held Back hundreds of eager customers who waited impatiently for their first big macs under the trademark Golden Arches in Zhenzhen a City across the Border from Hong Kong. A a done to push a store manager Kenneth Lau shouted into a microphone As he stood on a table top in front of the Cashiers Post. A line up. There a enough food for  a a they re a Little like pork buns a said David Cai 26, of Beijing an electronics company worker who ate a big Mac a Large order of Fries and a coca cola. He referred to a popular dish of steamed bread filled with pork. A a big Mac has meat and bread with it too a cat explained. But he complained about the service and added a i like Kentucky Fried Chicken  the franchise has reached China and its 1.1 billion people relatively late. Kentucky Fried Chicken and pizza hut opened stores in Beijing during the past decade. A a the lateness is accidental a said Daniel Yat i j1 no the chairman of the Zhenzhen Mcdonald s. We done to go into an area just to be first. We want to be sure that the restaurants can be  a big Mac sold for the equivalent of $1.20 in a �2h?try with an average per capita income of $270. No an entrepreneur also operates Mcdonald s stores in Hong Kong. He said he Hopes at least 500 Mcdonald a res ants a pen in China in the next 10 years. The grand opening festivities included a brass band and a curious looking red haired chinese pro in named a Flo no Mai Don no a As Ronald Mcdonald is Best expressed by the chinese. Murray Thomas $695,000, is endowed by the will of dynamite inventor Alfred Nobel who died in 1901. The award citation said Murray a pioneered transplantation of kidneys obtained from deceased persons and could show that patients with terminal renal insufficiency could be cured. The Field was then open for transplantation of other organs such As liver pancreas and  the Assembly said Murray was the first to successfully transplant a kidney from one identical twin to another and later showed this procedure could be done Between individuals who were not genetically identical. A Thomas was successful in transplanting Bone marrow cells from one individual to another a the Assembly said. A Bone marrow transplantation can cure severe inherited disorders such As Thala Semia and disorders of the immune system As Well As leukaemia and plastic  Murray received his Bachelor of arts from holy Cross and his medical degree from Harvard. Thomas received his bachelors and masters degrees from the University of Texas and his medical degree from Harvard. Thomas devised the surgical Bone marrow transplant procedure now accepted As the Standard course of treatment for leukaemia patients. He joined the Fred Hutchinson Center when it opened in 1975, and it now is considered one of the worlds leading Bone marrow transplant institutions. Last year the prize also went to americans. J. Michael Bishop and Harold e. Varmus won it for discovering a family of genes that has helped scientists understand How cancer develops. Bishop and Varmus discovered the cellular origin of Retro viral oncogenes which control Normal growth cells and their division. According to Nobel a will the prize for Medicine goes to someone who has a conferred the greatest Benefit on Mankind making the most important medical or physiological discovery during the preceding year. But in practice committee officials say it takes years to realize the significance of a discovery and Trace who actually made the breakthrough. The Medicine or physiology prize is the first of five endowed by Nobel to be awarded this month. The Nobel peace prize will be announced oct. 15 in Oslo Norway. Prizes for physics and chemistry discoveries will be announced oct. 17 in Stockholm. The Date for the literature prize has not been announced. The Nobel memorial prize in economic science created by the Central Bank of Sweden in 1969, will be awarded in Stockholm on oct. 16. The prizes Are presented dec. 10, the anniversary of Nobel a death. 3 British hostages being readied for release moslem sources say Baalbek Lebanon up a doctors checked three British hostages in secret hideouts in final preparations to set the captives free ranking moslem sources said monday. The key shiite sources said anglican Church envoy Terry Waite John Mccarthy and a third unidentified British hostage were seen sunday by doctors in secret locations where they have been held. A emr. Waite Mccarthy and another kidnapped briton were inspected by doctors yesterday and some of them were allowed to shave a a senior source who requested anonymity said. The sources did not say where the captives were being held or specify the Date set for the release. Earlier reports had suggested that some of the 12 Western hostages were being held by the pro iranian Hezbollah group either in Southern Beirut or in the Vicinity of the ancient town of Baalbek 52 Miles East of Beirut. The pro syrian As Safir newspaper reported that technical arrangements to free British hostages had been finalized and the release was a matter of time. Quoting unnamed diplomatic sources As Safir said a the file of Western hostages would be opened this month. A number of captives would be freed in Case present contacts regarding this file were  As Safir Well connected to syrian key Headquarters did not specify the parties involved in the behind the scene efforts to free the hostages. Waite Mccarthy and briton Jack Mann Are among 12 foreign captives held by fundamentalists believed affiliated with Iran. A final measures concerning a Deal to release British hostages were completed a As Safir said. A the release would take place at the right  there Are six americans among the foreign hostages held in Lebanon. They Are Terry Anderson Thomas Sutherland Joseph j. Cicippio Edward Tracy Alann Steen and Jesse Turner. Political sources reported that Syria had pledged during recent talks in Damascus with Secretary of state James a. Baker Iii to exert fresh efforts with Iran to facilitate the release of the americans. Both Syria and Iran Are main Power brokers in Lebanon. Damascus has some 35,000 troops deployed on two thirds of the country a territory while Tehran enjoys wide influence on thousands of shiite moslem fundamentalists. As Safir claimed that the hostage plight was linked to efforts to end a two year Mutiny by Christian defiant Gen. Michel Aoun and a government strategy to spread its authority. A the hostage Issue seems linked to the government plan to establish greater Beirut a As Safir said. The a greater Beirut plan was a much trumpeted government strategy designed to end militia presence in and around Beirut. Hezbollah an iranian funded group was believed holding some or All foreign hostages in the Southern suburbs of the capital. Some former hostages had reported that they were held in apartment buildings in the teeming shiite suburban Region where Hezbollah maintains its main Barracks. As Safir said it received information that four German hostages were being held contradicting Media reports that Only two germans remained captive. West germans Thomas Kemptner and Heinrich Striebig Are known to be held in Lebanon. As Safir did not identify the two missing germans but analysts speculated the newspaper hinted at German Relief workers Petra Schnitzler and Marcus Quint who were kidnapped in the Southern port City of Sidon 24 Miles South of Beirut last year but were reported to have been released. Palestinian sources in Sidon who requested anonymity said monday that Quint was believed to have returned Home while Schnitzler married a lebanese and resided in Sidon. Meanwhile sheikh Mohammed Hussein Fadlallah the Mentor of Hezbollah was quoted by the London Independent newspaper As calling on the abductors of the foreigners to distinguish Between the captives plight and the Issue of detained arabs in Israel and Southern Lebanon. Analysts noted that Fadlallah a declaration constituted a positive gesture that would put More weight on efforts to free foreign hostages. Some of the kidnappers main demands is the release of More than 300 arabs held in Israel and in the israeli proclaimed a Security zone in Southern Lebanon