Mediterranean Algiers Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - July 31, 1943, Algiers, Algiers                                Saturday july 31, 1943 the stars and stripes weekly events of week in Italy traced Page 3 the haunted fortress a time table of unfolded in flail following is clients As they lust week saturday. July 26�? the fascist grand Council at a Stormy meeting Vohid 19-7 to turn Over Tho Al ined Force it or Aly to Kins Vit Trio  Iii. Count dim Grandt offers the Resolution. Count g l Lea <57o Cie no. My. Solini a son in Law support the move to take Mili taty Power from la Duce. Sunday july 25�?radio Rome shakes tile world with the terse announcement that Mussolini dictator t it a 21 years has handed in his resignation to the King. Marshal Piet to Sadoglio is api it of inti Premier in the sex dictators place. The knit proclaiming himself head of the armies. Bid Italy rally round the House of Savoy. The new Premier declares the War  t m today july 26�?badog�?Tio moves swiftly to bring a shocked and Seething Italy under control. Martial Law is imposed. The new Premier appoints a Cabinet made up of unlit icy men and technicians with no special political leanings. The fascist hymn. Quot Giove Nozza a fades from official broadcasts. Pictures of Mussolini disappear from Public View. Tuesday july 27�?prime minister Churchill tells commons that italians must accent a wholesale surrender or take the consequences. The lid of censor hip is clamped Down hard on Italy but Many reports verify Public rejoicing at Mussolini s overthrow. Wednesday july 28�?marshal Sadoglio s new Cabinet dissolves the fascist part and the fascist Oran Council Neutral news sources rep o r t wild anti fascists riots throughout Italy and strikes and peace demonstrations in Turin and Milan radio Rome asks italians not to listen to Quot sensational rumours and says the War will go on. President Roosevelt backs up Churchill a demand that the italians surrender without conditions. Thursday july 29�?gen. Eisenhower sends Italy a message a a we Are coming As  in Rome marshal Sadoglio abolishes the fascist chamber of deputies orders the release of All or on imprisoned by the fascists on political grounds and at the same orders the imprisonment of All prominent fascists Neutral sources say that  move Are being secretly considered by the Quot new government and that Milan and Turin Are under strict Mil tar control after furious Street fighting and riots. Mussolini turns 60. Friday july 30 a radio Rome broadcasts Sham a i tacks on the a111 a Berlin says Italy s foreign policy i Inch a need. Neutral soirees report demonstrations for peace have been nut Down by Force in Northern Itaev. Mussolini i continued from Page i Berlin wavers on propaganda faced with conflicting reports that <1> Italy wants peace and 21 or Al v does not want it each. Berlin and the Axis satellites in Europe stepped gingerly Down the prof tag and a path this week. They found it difficult to comment on the resignation of Benito Mussolini Ani the appointment of marshal Pietro Sadoglio As Premier apparently fearful that they might Call the wrong turn and have to cat their own words. The germans of course hoped that it two id fulfil a Doglio a pledge to continue fighter they strewed that theme for a who a. Although later radio Berlin uncharacteristically explained that the German press was now ring tax pricy of permitting the nation to form its own opinions. To Pite of the assertion that Berlin would remain cooly sly ent on the italian situation a because a single word from us would be eagerly seized noon by the enemy to lie used against  one German commentator said that Mussolini would have no effect on the War since it resulted from a constitutional crisis and not from a revolution. But on the same Day to  Ean news Agency quoted a finnish paper As saving Quot Mussolini was enc electric note to the a s Hilt fall will he a Shock. Tic v actor is Ned defeats i Africa and the Fate of Sicily seem like sin a i introductions to the fateful act. In the Drew to s that of jams with Mussolini s exit a to was obvious Alf 4�� Elf that b u in did not what to make of the new situation. Conditional surrender. President Roosevelt some 24 hours later made a similar statement to the american people. But cautious As the Allied governments were it was Clear that they believed that Hie hour had come when Italy might Welcome a Swift end to the struggle. On thursday Gen Dwight d. Eisenhower. Allied commander in chief in North Africa sent this message to tile italians Quot we Are coming to you As  dramatic Points nothing that has happened since Hie War began can be called More dramatic or More heartening from the Allied viewpoint i than the appearance of the huge and possibly irreparable crack in i the Armor of the Axis. A week ago the italians though stripped of ail their african possessions shaken by air raids and on the j verge of defeat in Sicily were still very much in the War. They were under the  steel list of j the oldest fascist party in Europe 1 and that laity was riveted to the i political machine of the master i nazi. Adolf Hitler. Today the italian what some people had to say shout i i everybody from privates to presidents and from Corii orals to correspondents had his say last week on Mussolini s resignation Here Are some representative comments King Vittorio Emmanuele Iii of Italy Quot italians from today i am taking command of All armed  marshal Pietro Sadoglio Quot ranks must be closed around the King emperor the living image of the fatherland and the example to us  a u. S. Correspondent in Sicily a these overjoyed sicilians stormed the main streets gesticulating wildly and laughing and shouting with Relief at Hie italian leaders fall. They vented their hatred of their fascist overlords by tearing Down italian propaganda posters of Mussolini a prime minister Mackenzie King. Of Canada Quot this is the beginning of the end of Hie fascist regime a Reuters correspondent writ ing from the Swiss italian Frontier Quot Italy is celebrating the j downfall of the fascist regime. Como mass., in North Africa Quot he just knew when he was licked and was just getting out while the getting was  or. Guido Schmidt of the German foreign office Quot obviously. Mussolini s resignation is due to the Domestic situation a Jen. Dwight d Eisenhower in a statement broadcast from North Africa we commend the italian people and the House of Savoy on ridding themselves of Mussolini. The Man who involved them in War As the tool of Hitler and brought them to the verge of Dis i  prime minister Winston Churchill. To parliament the House will have heard with satisfaction j of the downfall of one of the Prin j Cipal criminals in this Deso lating War. The end of Mussolini s Ding and severe reign Over the italian people undoubtedly Marks the i of masses Nlain-1 he a was never so extensively by seek to break the chains that j i a be fuse lists "rder,-<1 tie have bound them to Berlin and mrm. Are demanding it a Host of non Monument covered Whit Flowers Teal sources May be sources May be credited an immediate peace. There have been hints enough from the italian radio and press i to show an Italy Seething with unrest and fierce tumultuous anger against All that fascism stood Tor. J out of the official silence and j above the jamming of countless rumours the voice of the italian i people could toe heard. It was a voice shaking Quot in time of the breaking of nations a a a voice crying out in revolt against the past j and in Des it Erate longing for a 1 better future. I rip pictures radio Rome itself told How statues and pictures of the vanished dictator had been torn from Public places How the Jie Ople of the Lake Como Region had bedecked their pretty towns with the flags of Royal paly. Striking a Darker note Rome retried strikes and pitched Battles Between fascists and anti fascism in the Industrial cities of the Valley of the to. True. Radio Rome said that under military Law Milan and Turin had quieted and factory workers returned to their jobs. But rumours persisted that though order was being restored the italian people for Hie Host time since october 1922�?wre daring to think and speak for themselves. The position of Hie Sadoglio government which Berlin speculated soon might fall was indeed delicate. It was bolstered by the i popularity of marshal Sadoglio and the Long doer shed name of the House of Savoy and apparently by the loyalty of Hie army. Blit it was caught be teen previous fas Hung out. Garabaldi Monument and decorated in festive mood hands Are playing everywhere and the people Are dancing in the streets Quot pie. Arthur Govanna. Of Revere. Cist commitments to Germany and the Stern pressure of Allied military and ideological Force. If it sought peace it might have to reckon with nazi Germany which has troops stationed in Italy and throughout the Region beyond the Brenner pass. If it resolves on Active continuation of the War. It would undoubtedly have to reckon with Allied pressure and perhaps with revolution at Home caught in this dilemma the Sadoglio government yesterday seemed in a state of Susji ended animation. A possible a portent of action to come was Hie announcement that the new italian foreign minister. Raft Acle Guariglia. Had close of an Eji ooh in the life of Italy. We should let the ital  Stew in their own juice for a bit. Tile guilt and Folly of Mussolini has Cost the italians dearly. We British and american armies now stand at the portals of the italian Mainland a president Roosevelt Iii a widely heard broadcast Quot the first crack in the Axis has come. The criminal corrupt fascist regime in Italy is going to pieces. The pirate philosophy of the fascists and nazis cannot stand to adversity. But he Mussolini and his fascist gang will be brought to Book and pull tied for their crimes against humanity. We will have no truck with fascism in any Way. Shape or manner. We will i it Ermit no vestige i of fascism to remain. Until the italian people realize the fun i Utility of continuing in a lost it use 1. Our terms to Italy Are still1 the same As our terms to Ger-1 Many and Japan unconditional a surrender Quot Izvestia. Russian news it Aper j the allies should hit Italy hard and promptly if surrender is not immediately forthcoming senator Alvin Barkley Senate majority Leader the fall of mus Hin Quot a ulrf1 a it it a a a abandonment or Turkey where he had a piously 1 a a by Germany provides an in cresting lesson for Hungary and other Axis satellites. It does not been stationed a ambassador under Mussolini thiere was talk too that representatives of marshal Sadoglio were secretly discussing peace with Allied spokesmen in Neutral Vatican City bul this was Only Rumor. What could be said with Assur i Ance was that Hie United nations have already scored a great pay of Etiological Victory. Italian fascism first to proclaim a n ideological War on democratic ideals Lias been up to death and the whole Struc Ture of the nazi Quot new order has been at least Tempio rarely shaken the week brought a titanic change in the wars picture and still Teater changes doubtless lie ahead. Require much foresight to realize that soon enough Crews of United nations bombers based on italian airfields will be blasting hungarian War centers off the Many acting Secretary of War Robert p. Patterson Quot so far As we know. No formal or informal overtures looking to Pieace have been made the allies by the new italian re Gime. Until Liere is an offer of surrender you May be sure that the allies will continue to press the War against Italy with All the vigor of which we Are capable there is no doubt. I think that it might accelerate to Weir Speed in trying to get out of the  fascism crumbles three Days after Mussolini s exit the past week gave a Clear and unmistakable answer to a question once often asked Quot can fascism survive if Mussolini goes a the whole fascist system crumbled within three Days alter the downfall of the blacksmiths son who had taken unto himself the titles of chief of the italian nov eminent prime minister and minister of Hie Interior of War of the Navy of air and of Justice. And with the exit of the fake Caesar went All his cardboard lieutenants. All High fascist personages it was announced have been imprisoned Quot for Security  no names have been mentioned but presumably the list included Benito Mussolini himself who reports said was in a Northern italian Villa owned by King Vittorio Emmanuele. Roberto Farinacci one of the first general secretaries of the party and one of the noisiest us reported to have been apprehended while trying to Cross the Swiss Frontier. Virginal Gayda Mussolini a great mouthpiece editor of the once powerful a a Gior Nale  is variously re or Ted a suicide and a prisoner. True or not his Type writer is silent. Likewise Rej Virled dead Are the head of the fascist secret jail ice the Orva and the director of the Stefani news Agency. Mystery men there was no news at All As to the whereabouts of two of the most prominent titled fascists a count Dino grand and count Galeazzo Cianos but it was invisible that they had saved their skins at the last minute. It was Dino Grandi formerly Italy a ambassador to London who introduced the Resolution in the fascist grand Council which ousted la Duce Ciano Mussolini a son in Law and one time foreign minister voted for Grandin Resolution. The new chief of the italian government marshal Pietro Sadoglio. Has a reputation abroad of being a non fascist though it was he who took Over the leadership of the army when la Duce a ethiopian expedition ran into military difficulties. Like Frances marshal Philippe retain Sadoglio is a popular figure and a National military hero. Under Mussolini he was successively chief of staff of the army chief of the general staff and governor general of Libya Italy a lost Colony in North Africa. He is retorted to have said alien Mussolini asked him to take charge of the ethiopian adventure �?�1 feel it is my duty to come to the Aid of Italy even a fascist at this critical  still emperor bad Ologio took office in Hie name of Little King Al Torro Emmanuele Iii who accepted the to tie of King emperor after Hie ethiopian con Wiiest. By Itiat double title he is still called although j emperor Haile Selassie once again i sits on ethiopians throne. The re i lations Between Mussolini and die King were never Clear to tile out Side world. Some said that the King held aloof from fascism others that on occasion he had j quietly opposed la Duce a will. His Only Sony and the heir to tile italian throne a is the handsome i dashing Prince Umberto whom Rumor had also identified Asun i Friendly to Mussolini. Last week Berlin officials said that Umberto might take Over from marshal Sadoglio if the present government failed to make itself secure. Whatever Hie future of tile King. Marshal Sadoglio and Prince Umberto it seemed Clear that fascism could never Rise from the grave which it dug for itself. Prom the first fascism and Mussolini were one and Hie same thing. It was he who organized the March on Rome october 28, 1922� that brought fascists into Power. Italy throughout the previous year had been torn by strikes and disorders caused by disillusionment Over Italy s Lack of gains in Hie first world War. Italy however had quieted Down when tile fascists came into Rome Mussolini made the trip in a Pullman car and demanded that tile government be placed in their hands. Although the italian Senate asked that the fascists be put Down by tile military the King made Mussolini Premier. That was less than 21 years ago now Mussolini has gone the King remains