European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - March 12, 1950, Darmstadt, Hesse                                T v the uss Gupp snorkel Type submarine at russian snorkels have tremendously changed the worlds naval according to the inset top left is the snorkel apparatus of a Navy cargo the breathing Mastis at extreme lower inset is of a German snorkel used on the threat of russian snorkel Fleet the pig boat flying the Ham Mer and sickle has with russian atomic bomb and the red a Factor in the cold since when the czarist Fleet suffered a crushing defeat from the japanese in Russia has never been much of a sea Power her tremendous land sprawling across two continents and Girt largely by ice locked or landlocked has tended to emphasize the importance of land but in one aspect of maritime Power the soviet Fleet now represents an immediate threat of some russian sub Marine Fleet is Strong and is growing and the development of the snorkel submersible and new torpedoes and other weapon makes the red boats a formidable weapon of increasing strategic to understand fully the potential strategic threat of the soviet submarine it is necessary to evaluate its strength and to review briefly the Capa naval experts now envisage the modern the russians Are believed to have More than 270 submarines of All types and sizes excluding including for Mer italian and finnish Germany started the last War with Only 48 yet for a time she almost crippled Allied it u True that the nazis built boats and trained Crews at High speeds in Hanson Baldwin id a graduate of the United states naval Academy and pulitzer Prizer Winner whose articles on military matters have appeared regularly in the new York times and magazines such m the at Antic to Iii article reprinted by Courtesy of the new York times feature Section an Sepert Etc soviet its strengths outweigh its old weaknesses by Hanson new York times military expert Germany operated about submarines during the entire Russia has never been noted either for Speed or efficiency of ship her technical naval training has not in the either advanced or and finely trained and technically intelligent submarine Crews Are absolutely essential to Success Ful undersea but Russia has taken Over in Eastern Poland and the Baltic states a number of ship building faculties she seized the Compo nent parts of Many German Type xxi snorkel boats when the War and since the War she has had the services of some of the Best German submarine experts in the construction and operational her submarine Are believed to be the pick of the soviet rough design of a typical snorkel breathing on it soviet strength be her weaknesses As a naval Power All of her present submarine bases Are either in landlocked or ice locked the Best base is tiie Kola Peninsula which gives upon the Arctic and thence the High but even from this base soviet submarines would have to sortie through a Lane defined by Ike Arctic ice Lane which at certain seasons of Ibe would relatively soviet geographic diff intake valve abridge deck main intake valve for use on surface advantages in the Pacific Are not so there Are Many Straits Lead ing from the bases on the sea of Japan and the sea of okhotsk to the and the great russian naval base at Petropavlovsk on Southern Kamchatka gives squarely upon the open the communist Conquest of China might in time make chinese ports available to russian some of triese geographic disa Dvan particularly in would be overcome if Russia should seize Norway or the French As the germans in such a As the last War the menace of the submarine would be Many times but the size of the russian sub Marine Fleet and the geographic location of its bases Are not the chief reason for the present respect with which it is regarded by the War ministries of the the modern submarine is extremely to detect and to its threat is far More serious than it was five years today it is hot Only a com Merce destroyer but it is also becoming a missile a radar picket an undersea transport and Tanker and an Antisubmarine vessels the development by the germans m the dutch changed the whole Art of submarine and Antisubmarine and today about a dozen of the russian subs Are snorkel types and others Are being and As until almost the end of world Wai when the first appeared German Type xxi submarines operated on the surface More than they did beneath the i the snorkel submarine la really the continued on 111