European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - May 31, 1977, Darmstadt, Hesse                                By Michael t. Kaufman new York time Ike an itinerant preacher affirming the perfect acuity of  Andrew Young the United state ambassador to the United nations has swept through eight Africa countries in two weeks proclaiming the Advent of a new age of american foreign policies toward the continent and the  was an ambitious and complicated Mission and though the returns Are no fully in Young seemed gratified with the Way things went As he returned to Washington via London from Sudan the last Stop on his african trip. He acknowledge that he had been seeking to reach various audiences with different though complementary messages. One objective he said had been to stimulate foreign policy debate within the United states in an attempt to build a consensus and at the same time to restore the Faith the american Public lost in Vietnam that its govern ment could act in an International Rena in the pursuance of Justice. A second goal Hod been the attempt to impress on All african states the sincerity of the Carter administration s commit ment to bring about political and social change in Southern , he said he was trying to Calm the anxieties of moderate african state that the United states As indicated by its restraint in the recent invasion of Zaire was lessening its resolve and being aloof to its old friends while courting new ones among some of the nonaligned and marxist oriented  addition to such policy objectives. Young on a much More personal and emotional level confronted the rationale of apartheid within the heart of South Africa bearing witness to racial oppression and arguing for a course of enlightened self in Terest As the Way out of the narrowing impasse of White  m really too modest Young joked when reporters accompanying him asked him to appraise his achievements on the trip. But really i think things went very in terms of baud Long a foreign policy consensus in the United states he has repeated several times that he had been charged by president Carter with being controversial. No one has tried to build a foreign policy consensus since John Foster Dulles lobbied the nation for the containment policy against  said Young. He acknowledged that in the Wake of Vietnam America has undergone a cer Tain paralysis and that he has since taking Over the . Job tried to resurrect Ameri Ca s self Confidence.  a sense he has tried to do this through a very personal style of modest probity and human Contact. Everywhere he went he greeted everyone he saw diplomats foreign journalists nationalist guerrillas. Afrikaner policemen Black South african chauffeurs. He never spoke from texts but talked of his own experiences in the Southern civil rights movement piercing the conventions of protocol and speaking he said As the spirit moves  it is largely a matter of style but As one of Young s aides re ambassador Young in Lagos with Nigeria s head of state it. Gen. Olusegun Oba Sanjo. Marked style becomes substance advice  throb about the trip Young s open approach challenged the cynicism of diplomats Joa masts and  the one hand there were those like an american amhms�4i r in West Africa who questioned whether guileless Mes suntan was a proper Means for advancing . National interests. On the other there was the observer aboard the plane who noted that goodness was a rarer Quality than sophistication an should be  Young several times himself responded gently to those who charged him with being an innocent  1 have Ever done has been called innocent and naive by the intellectuals and the press. When we organized the business Community of Atlanta they said it could t be done. And yet everything i have Ever done has  aboard plane flying to London he again affirmed his belief that every prob Lem had a solution and that the ., As the world s most powerful nation had a responsibility to seek those solutions. You can t survive if you say there Are no  Many of the african leaders be metals voiced scepticism in the capacity of the United states to Force change i Southern Africa despite Young s professions of commitment to that goal president Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia for instance praised the Carter administration s new african policies but wondered whether the . Establishment would permit America to pursue this course. Others asked Young for specific pres sures that the . Could exert on South Africa or Rhodesia. Some of the More Radi Cal leaders wanted an american commit ment to Supply the various liberation movements others wanted assurances that Washington would Lead the Western Powers into adopting sanctions or arms embargo on South Africa both measure which went beyond anything the . Is now  fact when asked for specifics. Young usually replied that the economic trends i Africa would gradually induce South Africa to alter course in its own self inter est. Occasionally he spoke vaguely of pos sible selective Boycotts studying the Oil Tow to Rhodesia with an Eye to stemming it or of unspecified economic  argument he put Forward again and again was that As Black african states wit their expanding markets Drew investment capital away from South Africa which desperately needs such financing the International financial institutions would exert pressure on the Pretoria government to dismantle apartheid thereby assuring flagging investor Confidence. Young s itinerary was carefully arranged to include key stops in Coon Trie whose Leaden had been upset by some of Young s reported remarks which they had interpreted As signal ing a lessening . Resolve to resist soviet Maneu vers in Africa. In the Ivory coast Gabon Liberia an the Sudan Young emphasized that the United states would continue to work clo sely with its old friends. The leaders of some of these countries particularly president Felix Hou Houet Bovigny of the Ivory coast had been critical of the United states for its limited sup port of Zaire when Shaba province was invaded by exile insurgents from Angola. Similarly the pro Western countries were concerned about Young s much quoted assertion that for too Long americans had been paranoid about communism. At the end of the trip Young said that the greatest Surprise he experienced on the imjmv5lightning Rod visit was the realization that the More moderate states were doing a better Job in improving the lives of their people than themore ideological  he made this Point several times Over while at the sometime praising such marxist states Asmo Zam Bique for their  the Sudan where president Gaafar Al Nimery recently ordered the expulsion of 70 soviet military advisers Young Dis cussed the possibility of . Military assistance to the country. At the same time he repeatedly insisted that the . Would no longer base its policy on reacting to soviet moves but would steer on Independent course. In purely emotional terms it was obvious that the ugh Point of the trip was Young s visit to sooth Africa. He. Bad not been Able to sleep Tor More than three boors a night for the wee before he arrived in Johannesburg to address a business group and to talk to White and Black moderates. I was very keyed up about speaking tothe businessmen. You be got to hit those sectors of a society that Are willing to be rational. I think potentially they Are it said Young who continues to believe that there Are enormous parallels Between the struggle for civil rights in the South an the situation in South Africa. Change there he said would not happen  was just trying to throw out some ideas. Trying to get them to take  on the next Day when he spoke at the United states information service Library to a group of Blacks and Whites he was even More tense. When i get around South Africa Black Folk i just get terribly wrought  said he had met with several Black teen agers who had come to see him. He said he did t know their names or organizations they represented but that he had received word since that the South african Security police were interrogating Blac people to find out who the Young people were. He said he had spoken to a group of people in the same Library three years ago and that some of those there  time Are no longer around either they re deader in jail or in exile but nobody knows where they  was a terribly emotional situation at the end when those people stood up an Sang god bless Africa it was like a song we used to sing in the civil rights move ment this May be the last time mean ing that maybe some of us would t be around the next  As to the prospects of immediate changes in South Africa Young was uncharacteristically pessimistic. I look for negative changes. I look for a lot of Tough talk. Change is never gradual they Are going to get More reactionary and toughen up until they break up. But All the talk of standing Tough is the talk of people who Are really afraid. They Are  tuesday May 31, 1977 the stars and stripes Page 13