European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - January 28, 1986, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 16 the stars and stripes tuesday january 28, 1bb6 hints of 5th Force in universe Challenge Galileo s findings it Fox mining Galileo t the Fra. By John Noble w1lford new York times a new analysis of early20th-Ccnlury expel meals has produced Yesulis challenging both the bindings of Gal Leoinal All falling bodies accelerate Al i he same tale and a fundamental Elemon of Einstein s general theory of relativity. This has led physicists la suspect that Here May be a filth heretofore unidentified Force at work in Tho universe. Scientists said the new study. Published in the Jan. 6 Issue of physical review letters could have a profound influence on thinking n physics and cosmology it the results can be substantiated by further experiments. Those who had examined the report said i appeared to a based on sound research. Even the Mph the new Irwi tags seemed to undermine a Basic Assumption made of Einstein Iho principle of equivalence thai stemmed from Galileo s work scientists said the hypothesized new Force called Tho hyper charge was so weak and local that ii it did exist it should not fundamentally alter Einstein s principles As the Basic loot of modern cosmology. The other known forces Sre electromagnetism Gravity and the Strong and weak forces governing . The new analyst a my get that contrary to Galileo s assertion a Feather would fall Aster than a Coin it dropped from the same height in a vacuum. This is because in the new thinking Gravity is not the Only Force at work there is also presumably something called hype charge which acts on objects of Rifle real compositions in ways to cause them to accelerate at slightly Dili Erent rates. Or. Ephraim Fischbach the Leader of the learn of scientists who made the study said. When you see Home Annb As fundamental As a new Force it s Likely to the new theory proposes thata Tuth Force called hype charge pushes up but filling objects working Agal iut the for of Gravity. The Forte of Ibe hyper chug b function of Ibe maw and Itte atomic composition at a Given object la l greater Tor a Copper Coin than for Traiber. Titita a a Feather and a Penny Wens dropped through a vacuum the leather would All slightly taster than the Coin. That Coni Radom established principle shown by Galileo at Tower of Pisa assert ing that All objects fait Al la same rate. Change Many things. We will have to rethink Many views of particle physics and  Oschback. A Protessor of physics Al Purdue University in Indiana is a visiting professor this year at the Institute of nuclear theory Al the University of Washington in Seattle. The other authors of the report Are Daniel Sudarsky Aaron Szafer and Carrack Talmadge of Purdue and . Aronson of the Brooks Wen National Laboratory Al Upton . Or. Robert h. Dicke. A Princeton University physicist and authority on Einstein s theories said one has 1o be somewhat careful when you re dealing War Somel Hirtz it Tat s potentially revolutionary. But ii this is right it s extremely important i can t pick any holes in the  Dicke. As other physicists who were asked to comment emphasized he need to perform More exacting experimental tests of the effect at Gravity and possibly this hypothesized new Force on falling bodies. Modern techniques he said should make it possible to conduct tests in almost pure vacuums with uniform Thermal conditions and an absence of outside vibrations. Or. Murray Gell Mann a theoretical physicist at the California Institute of technology said that ii the conclusions of the study were Correct it was fair to Specula to on the existence of a fifth Force of intermediate Range. Of the other known forces Gravity is the weakest  is responsible for the Structure of atoms and the emission of Light the Strong Force binds the atomic nucleus together and the weak Force is responsible Tor certain kinds of radioactivity. The Prospect Al another fundamental Force comes at a Lime when most theoretical physicists Are Labouring mightily to conceive a single mathematical framework that describes All the forces excepting possibly Gravity As different manifestations of Ona general Force. These concepts Are called grand unified theories or gut s. Or. Heinz r. Pagels. President of the new Yurt Academy of sciences who is the author of books on particle physics noted that scientists have speculated about the possible existence of the hype charge Force for More than 20 years. One remains sceptical until further experiments Are done he said. What Rich Lacfi and his team did was re examine the data from experiments conducted by Roland von Eotvos a hungarian scientist Over a period of More than two decades and reported in 1922. The experiments involving the suspension of objects of do Terent composition and mass rom a torsion balance appeared to confirm Galileo s observation in the Early 17th Century. In the familiar though probably apocryphal Story Galileo pc supposed to have dropped Cannon balls from the leaning lower of Pisa and thereby determined that All objects Faff under Gravity we a the same acceleration if differences attributed to wind resistance Era ignored. Newton relied on Galileo s work in formulating his theory of Gravity in the late 17lh Century and Einstein reinforced by the hungarian experiments also made the Assumption thai All bodies fait at the same rate in a uniform gravitational Field in enunciating his general theory of relativity in 1916. However according to Fischbach. Even the hungarian experimenters noted some discrepancies in their results but chose to ignore them As being statistically insignificant upon detailed examination Fischbach found the discrepancies in the group s raw experimental data to be Large enough to suggest Shal some Trier Torce besides Gravity might be acting on the bodies. Fischbach was led to a review of the Eotvos sex Perlman because of some funny things his term for the apparent effect of another Force scientists had been seeing in recent work Al the Fermi National accelerator Laboratory in Illinois and in Gravity studies by Frank Stacey deep n australian mines. In the report in physical review letters a journal of the american physical society. Fischbach s group concluded although the Eotvos Experiment has been universally interpreted As having Given null results we find in fact that this is not tha  in other words something seemed to be causing objects to tall at slightly different rates. The group said moreover that the results supported the existence of an intermediate Range Torce called hype charge. Its strength May be As Little As 1 percent of that of Gravity. The weakest of the known forces and its influence May extend Little More than 600 feet. This is Why. Fischbach. Said the Force la not Likely to change calculations on planetary system Scales. Hype charge appears to be More like elect magnetism than Gravity in fact the equations Are similar. Both the Earth of any other Largo bodies and objects falling toward them Are composed of matter in which the protons and neutrons have hype charge in varying amounts depending on their composition. The hype charge appears to work against Gravity to affect the rate of acceleration