European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - August 8, 1986, Darmstadt, Hesse Page 8 the stars and stripes Friday. August 8,1986 Black Skull discovery shakes evolution theories Nairobi Kenya a British american and kenyan scientists wednesday unveiled a Fossil called the Black Skull which they say challenges important theories on Man s evolution and could cause revision of biology textbooks. This throws cold water on the notion that As recently As 3 Mill Ion years ago there was Only one species of Early Man which gave Rise to the others said Richard Leakey Kenya s National museums director and a member of the expedition that discovered the Fossil in August 19s5. The Fossil was discovered by prof. Alan Walker a Harvard trained scientist from Brauns Lonc Leicester in England. It came As a Surprise to us when this turned up. And i think some of our colleagues Are in for a Shock said Walker a professor of cell biology and Anatomy at Johns Hopkins medical school in Baltimore. Walker and Leakey the son of renowned palaeontologists Louis and Mary Leakey told a news conference the find supports their theory that was More than one species of primitive Man 3 million years ago. It strongly questions a rival school of thought led by american Pale oncologist Don Johanson that at that Lime there was Only one Type of Early Man like Lucy. Lucy is the nearly half Complete Skeleton that Johan son discovered in neighbouring Ethiopia in 1975. For which he named a species called Australopithecus Afa Rensis. Leakey said the Skull was going to raise Many questions about things that Nave been taken for granted about things that have been believed by some of our colleagues and taught for example through most textbooks in the United Stales for the past 10 the Skull belonged to an adult male who roamed the Western shores of Lake Turk Ana in Remote Northern Kenya 2.5 million years ago. It is the oldest specimen Ever found of a species of Early Man called Australopithecus Boise. It has extremely primitive characteristics including an ape like Forward thrusting face and a brain that is the smallest of any Fossil hominid measured to Date the scientists said. The brain was about the size of a Modem apes and less than a third the size of a human brain they said. American expert Eric Delson said in a later Tele phone interview that the Skull was the most important find since Delson of Lehman College of City University of new York said the new species suggests the possibility of a different lineage than is now widely accepted for human ancestors in the mysterious time period rang ing from 4 million to 2 million years ago. On the oldest Side of the Gap is the ape Man Faren Sis represented by Lucy. A commonly accepted View Delson said is that the family tree splits after that with one Branch giving Rise to Homo Kabilis about 2 minion years ago. Homo Kabilis apparently led to Modem Man. The other Branch the View maintains led to a Spe cies called Australopithecus africans. That led to two robust species called Australopithecus Boise which the new find represents and Australopithecus robust us. This Branch was an evolutionary dead end without any descendants alive today. The new discovery Delson said has physical characteristics that suggest it could be a Good intermediate Between Afa Rensis and the robust species displacing africans from that role. App had Pale oncologist Alan it ukr holds a cast of the Skull. Since africans shares some physical characteristics with Homo Kabilis it now seems Best to return Anca Nus to the Branch that led to modern humans coming before Homo Kabilis. That was a commonly accepted role before Johanson s theory gained acceptance Del son said. In Contrail to Walker and Leakey Delson thinks the new Skull May represent a previously unknown species of the robust Type. Africans was maybe 3w feet to 4w feet tall weigh ing perhaps 50 la 100 pounds. Smaller than the robust ape men it had a brain about As Large As a Gorilla s Outwith a smaller body suggesting that relative brain size had already begun to increase. In Nairobi Walker said the Skull was important i n its own right because of its age and because it was fairly Complete. They called it the Black Skull be cause of ils color he said. Most fossils Are Brown or yellow. He found it on an expedition financed by the National geographic society of Washington d.c., and the National museums of Kenya to Turk Ana an ancient Lake bed Rich in fossils. Also on the expedition were palaeontologists John Harris originally from London and now at the los Angeles county museum of natural history and Calif Oman Francis Brown of the University of Utah. World Toa in court backs Pardon Given israeli secret service chief Jerusalem a Israel s supreme cart on wednesday upheld a presidential Pardon Given to he head of he Shin bet secret service for allegedly ordering the killings of two Cap tured palestinian bus hijackers. The three judge panel also rejected appeals seeking a commission of inquiry into an alleged cover up of the killings indicia Mulhat a police investigation into the affair was sufficient in documents previously submitted to the court. Shin bet chief Abraham shalom Laid Allis actions were authorized by his superiors a statement that appeared to implicate Yili Hak Shamir who was prime minister at the time of the 1984 killings. The prime minister has sole authority Over the Shin bet. Shamir Leader of the right Wing i Kudo of in the ruling coalition is now Israel s for eign Pardon was Given to shalom by president Chain Herzog. The two palestinians were Cap tured by police in a raid on the commandeered bus in which two other hijackers were killed. Oil firms in France Stop buying Oil from Libya Paris up1 French Oil companies have stopped buying libyan Oil under pressure fro the French government to support a . Embar go in the aftermath of the us. Bombing raid on Libya in april be Monde newspaper reported. Paris said publicly in april that economic unctions such Ai a Hall to Oil purchases from Libya would do Little to Force the government of Moun mar Qadhafi to halt what the United state Midi is its support of International terrorism. But the newspaper said the French govern ment asked very firmly that the French companies Elf Afuli Tanc and total halt purchases of libyan Oil which in 1985 made up 4 percent of French imported Oil or 20.52 million barrels. Thatcher Fine after surgery to prevent hand deformity London a prime minister Margaret Thatcher was recovering in a London Hospital thursday following a successful hour Long open lion on her right hand wednesday. The British Domestic news Agency press association said the 60-year-old British Leader was due to leave King Edward Vul s Hospital for officers on Friday. Her husband Denis Thatcher told reporter wednesday night after spending an hour with her after the operation she s in very Good Nick shape mra. Thatcher who entered the Hospital tuesday night underwent surgery to Correct Dupuy Tren t contracture a progressive condition caused a lie tightening of tissues under the skin thai plus the Little Finger toward the Palm of the , Thatcher who is right handed has had the ailment for about 10 years. Without surgery the condition could have caused deformity and loss of function of the hand doctors said. The prime minister s 10 Downing St. Office said in a statement her medical advisers Are completely satisfied with the Way the operation has gone. Mrs. Thatcher will have to carry her hand in a Sling for up to one month preventing her from writing Angels gifted with intellect free will Pope says Vatican City up Pope John Paul ii said wednesday that Angels Are smarter than humans but like humans they have an intellect and free will. The Pope also defended his recent series of weekly talks on Angels during which he has been restating some of roman catholicism s most traditional teach Ings. John Paul speaking to 8,000 pilgrims and tourists at his regular weekday audience described Angels As pure spirits who because they have no bodies Are immortal. The Angels arc gifted with an intellect and free will like Man but to a greater degree than him John Paul said Angels therefore Are personal beings and Inas much Are also made in the image and likeness of the conservative polish Bora Pope began speaking about the existence of Good and bad Angels last month and the unusual topic has elicited responses from his listeners ranging from amusement and incredulity to confusion and curiosity. John Paul appeared to be defending his decision to discuss the Issue when he acknowledged to the crowd that the idea of Angels might seem far away or less vital to the mentality of modern but the Church he added does a great service to Mankind when discussing Angels because it underlines Man s spiritual As opposed to material reality. During his address delivered in Paul i auditorium adjacent lost Peter s Basilica John Paul restated traditional scriptural references to Angels noting that scripture writers gave them personal names such a Gabriel the Angel who announced to Mary that she would Bear Jesus and Michael the Soldier Angel who fought Lucifer. He also restated medieval Church teaching which Breaks Angels into nine different choirs or classes Seraphim the highest order cherubim the second highest order said to have guarded the Gale of Paradise after the fall of Adam and eve thrones Powers Domi nations Virtues principalities Angels and archangels. It was during medieval times that Church scholars debated ethereal questions such As How Many Angels could fit on the head of a pin. Twentieth Century Cath Olic schoolchildren taught that Angels were bodiless pure spirits quickly Learned the answer As Many As want to
