European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - September 3, 1986, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Magazine academic Bridge to International understanding 40 years of Fulbright scholarships . Fulbright a photo by Jonathan Karp Washington Post coming an entry in an encyclopedia is Tough enough bul you have to do something really special to crack the dictionary. Forty years ago this month. Former sen. J William Fulbright accomplished just thai when president Harry s. Truman signed his act to award scholarships to students wild funds owed the United states by Western Europe. Here s what a 1984 edition of Webster s new world dictionary tas to say Ful Beighl fool Brit adj. After . Fulbright 1905. . Senator irom Arkansas designating of or holding a scholarship or Grant in a . Government program for the Exchange of . And foreign scholars teachers Etc the funds Are largely derived from tha sate of . Surplus property abroad a. A Fulbright scholarship Grant or scholar. I did t anticipate All the developments by no  said Fulbright 61, now counsel to the Washington Law firm Hogan and Hartson alter serving 30 years in the Senate. Thai his name Rolls off the tip of Many an aspiring scholar s Tongue seems almost incidental to him. Today More than 155,000 persons 54,000 americans and 101,000 foreigners have participated in the program. Originally part of the plan was to enable Western Europe to work Oft War debts by housing and educating Fulbright scholars. These Days it is funded by the . Treasury and other governments. Congress appropriated $62 million Tor the program in 1985. About 4,500 new Grants Are awarded annually to students teachers and scholars who study teach and conduct research in 120 participating countries. Their pursuits Range from setting up a dance studio in Zimbabwe to examining the use of the Harp among Lurn of the Century viennese composers while studying in Austria. For Fulbright the program s goal is to Loster better understanding among countries. Fulbright said he was inspired to propose the legislation by the two world wars the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and his own experiences As a Rhodes scholar studying history at Oxford. I think in the Long run it we Don t have a nuclear War in the meantime. This kind of activity will contribute significantly to he development of people who have judgment about these affairs Fulbright said better judgment than to resort to world War i or world War ii it took Fulbright almost a year to gain passage of the act which passed the Senate easily but stalled in the House. According to Fulbright. Subcommittee chairman rep William m. Whittington d-miss., would no support the program because it did nothing for the schools in Mississippi. Fulbright said he had almost Given up Whan a common Friend William f. Clayton then undersecretary of state persuaded Whitling Lon to support the program. Meanwhile Fulbright said to talked to anybody t could about the program gained former president Hoover s endorsement and wooed the press. On my Agenda in was big bul it was t on anyone else a Fulbright said. Among the Many distinguished americans who have won Fulbright scholarships Are Harvard University president Derek Bok and University of Chicago president Hanna h. Cray economists Martin Feldsien and Milton Friedman Nobel laureate Sci Enlis is Hans Boche James Watson and Joshua Lederberg writers Joseph Heller John Updike and Eudora Welly composers Aaron Copland and Philip Glass sen. Daniel Patrick Moynihan 0-n.y., and Michael Armacost undersecretary of slate Tor political affairs. I think it made us More internationally minded More cosmopolitan More aware of intellectual complexities and More aware of what was particularly american in one s background and experiences said Hanna Gray who studied history at Oxford from 1950 to 1952. The Fulbright program plans to celebrate its 401 h anniversary with a series of exchanges Between foreign and american scholars and artists. Also planned is a series of International satellite teleconferences Vilh educators and academics and a Washington conference to bring together leaders in higher education. Fulbright considers Tho program his top legislate accomplishment although he thinks his constituents might disagree. I got More Public approval in Arkansas Lor removing the lax on Oil Margarine than i gel from the Exchange he said. Above All he s modest about his role. I just introduced the legislation said full night i was the press he believes that turned his surname into an adjective. They be done it on so Many  he said. And. Drawing a parallel Wilh the 1935 do tacit reduction legislation added that Rudman Bill what do you Call that College students conservative United press International Merican colleges Are turning out conservative Consumers who aim to look attractive know the right people and gel Rich a third of them want to soon be millionaires a National Survey found. The collage watch be Survey last Winter of 1,004 students at four year colleges nationwide gives a Complete profile of the College student As a consumer said Garis Distelhorst. Head of the Trada association that sponsored the study. The Survey also showed that students Are conservative Beer drinkers who do not Trust politicians and disapprove of sex before marriage. It in the most penetrating Survey of student attitudes Ever undertaken he said. By the time they leave College their patterns and preferences Are established. Trend setting far the future generation is largely determined by this Market two out of three respondents surveyed want to make a Good Deal of Money and 34 percent believe being a millionaire before age 35" is important. The students doubled that intellect and Good grades Are the path to the desired piles of riches. When it comes to getting a Well paying Job 70 percent agree somewhat with the concept thai personality and appearance Are at least As important As knowledge,".the Survey said. Fifty nine percent Are completely or somewhat in Accord with the statement that it s not what you know it s whom you know that helps you get ahead " nearly Hall the respondents said they would rather work Tor themselves than Tor a Large corporation. They said the Only Way to make heaps of Money is to Start a business. The Survey also revealed a tendency Lor students to bite the hand thai feeds them intellectually almost half of the respondents. Agreed at least somewhat Wilh the statement that most of the learning in College has nothing to do with the classroom " the �250,000 Survey was conducted by Simmons Market research Bureau for the National association of College stores the research Arm of the College stores research and educational foundation of Oberlin Ohio. Oil Elhorst said the Survey takes on even More importance because College enrolment May reach a High of 15,4 million by 1990, up More than 3 million irom 1986-87enrollment. America s future leaders and Consumers Are More conservative in their attitudes about a wide Range of subjects than the preceding generation 50 percent of those responding favor tougher Laws on pornography and 70 percent said Industry cannot be trusted to handle disposal of toxic wastes. 73 percent think cocaine is unwise or harmful 62 percent think the same of marijuana. Seventy percent think cigarettes Are bad but Only 10 percent think Beer is harmful. 73 percent favor the death penalty and 26 percent said abortion should be illegal. 37 percent said they Ware republicans 31 percent independents. 2s percent democrats. Hall of the respondents described themselves As moderate and 24 percent As conservatives. 56 percent think sex before marriage is always or sometimes wrong while 95 percent believe sex outside marriage is always or sometimes wrong. 70 percent had Tittle or no Trust in politicians and 60 percent fell the same Way about reporters. Most trusted were doctors scientists and professors. The foundation is a Trade group Wilh Mare than 2700 College store members in the United states. Canada and 15 countries. Wednesday september. 3. 1986 the stars and stripes Page 13