European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - September 8, 1986, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Magazine the aimed forces have carried racial integration further than most other american inti Tuilom. 5t,3  by sup Ilanie a m s women Blacks spouses transforming the military by Richard Halloran new York times n the 13 years since the United Stales ended the Drall and resumed of Volunteer military service Blacks women and Young married people have transformed the nation s armed forces from world War ii unlit 1973, when conscription ended the services were male preserves dominated by White officers and non commissioned officers the lower ranks were populated by single Young men today three changes have reached into every Corner of Mili Lary Lile the armed forces. Especially the army have carried racial integration further than most other american institutions. Charles c Moskos. A sociologist at Northwestern University who specializes in Iho study of military personnel Calls it an american Success  with women the armed forces have embarked on an ambitious Experiment that has raised moral political and practical questions. Even so says Carolyn Becraft of the women s equity action league the United states is far and away ahead of other nations in making use at women in the military one third of lower ranking enlisted soldiers sailors airmen and marines Are married and this has resulted in marked changes in service camaraderie discipline and housing coping with the needs Oyoung families says an army White paper has become an institutional  while these changes had begun before 1973, the end o the draft and the Post Vietnam distaste Lor the armed forces among Young while men opened the Way for More Black americans and More women in both commissioned and enlisted ranks. And the higher pay of the Volunteer Force attracted Young married men who needed jobs the consequences have especially affected military commanders leading troops. Leaders once concerned primarily Wilh preparing Pineir forces of War must be sensitive now to race relations to dealing with women and to the needs of Young married people. In integrating Blacks the armed services differ from civilian institutions in that the can regulate behaviour. Because we Are a controlled society says maj. Gen Robert a Oaks a senior air Force personnel officer the chief of staff can say. We Are going to do this and it will happen thus the services five set up programs in race monday. September 8,1986 relations appointed interracial Counselor and desegregated housing and recreational facilities. Food in dining Halls and commissaries products in Post exchanges and music in clubs now take Blacks tastes into account. Promotion boards have been screened for racial Bias. The presence of women has caused greater changes in military life than nuclear weapons have says Gen. John w. A Elseyjr. The former chairman of the joint chiefs of staff. We be taken a male inst Lulion in a very Short period of time and turned it into a coed institution he says and it has been a traumatic exercise for  among the obvious changes women require separate living quarters different sizes and shapes in clothing different standards for physical training and different medical services then there is sex. Commanders worry about men and women distracting each other on duty. Dating or fraternization has led to new rules. That has led to complicated administrative problems when two members of the service marry when women in the military become pregnant and when a member of the service is a single Parent. Most perplexing of All has been defining the role of continued on Page 14 the stars and stripes Page 13