European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - May 2, 1987, Darmstadt, Hesse                                A ,--\vj-.- a it 3al it to Job a sep ssi ?--.-? -.a.  to Fife a t Afat via i it of "  ti4ijmii28isi.--.,\. ,.-. Sappho Ramnik Sta rat Mph tit Tammi tin Hawaii Luna fee for feta National new technology Telescope. Eight observatories Ara already operating on the dormant Volcano. A new Telescope atop Mauna Kea by Walter Sullivan new York times he selection of Mauna Kea the highest Summit in Hawaii As the site of the Gigantic National new technology Telescope has ensured hat a dormant Volcano will continue to be the world s Ehiel Center of astronomical observations far into the next Century. Eight observatories Are already operating there and another which is under construction should feign As the world s most powerful for a number of years. Ono of the multiple Black cinder Cones thai form the Volcano s 13.796-fool Summit will also be the site of Japan s National Telescope which will be one of the most powerful in the world. Just As completion in 1943 of he 200-Inch reflector on mount Palomar in California an instrument far larger than any previous Telescope opened a wider window into the heavens so the optical and infrared telescopes thai Are sprouting like great mushrooms on Mauna Kea will open new vistas into the far reaches of the Cosmos. Some of the telescopes will be linked by Liber optics to a Baso station 9,300 feet up he Volcano s slope. Microwave transmitters there Wilt relay astronomical images and data to laboratories operated Lor each Observatory elsewhere on the Island of Hawaii. Upon completion at he Pacific net of undersea fiber optic cables images irom their telescopes at Mauna Kea could become available to institutions in Britain. Japan France and ultimately Australia As Well As North America. The United kingdom infrared Telescope whose 150 Inch reflector is currently the largest on the Mountain has been experimentally operated by Remote control from the Royal Edinburgh Observatory in Scotland via satellite link. Because of the Broad frequency Range needed for image transmission however hat is vary costly workers have virtually completed the foundation of the , Keck Observatory whose 10-meter Mirror will be twice the size of the one on Palomar and which will Dwarf that in the six meter soviet Telescope in the caucasus now the world s largest. In a Radical new approach to Telescope design the Keck Mirror wit be formed of 36 hexagonal segments mounted so that Tine adjustments can maintain a precise parabolic configuration for the entire Assembly. The National new technology Telescope will have Lour mirrors each eight meters in diameter and Riding a single mount. The University of Texas and Pennsylvania stale University announced plans in april for a novel bargain basemen Telescope whose eight meter reflector will be formed of 73 segments. Like the Large radio Telescope at Arecibo puerto Rico the curvature of ils Mirror is spherical producing a distortion that is corrected at the focus by another movable Mirror. The observed Field will be carried from that focus to instruments on the ground by fiber optics. Estimated Cost of the Telescope will be $5 million As against $125 million or the new technology instrument. The Telescope to be Buzil at he Mcdonald Observatory in fort Davis Texas will be limited to recording Spectra relative intensities of Light wavelengths from which much knowledge of celestial objects is derived. Both the japanese and Keck telescopes Are due for completion by the Early 1990s the Keck Observatory is a pin project of the University of California and the California Institute of technology and has primarily saturday May 2,1987 been funded by a $70 million Grant irom the , Keck t inflation. A cause for More immediate rejoicing according tour. Donald n.8. Hall director of the Institute Lor astronomy at the University of Hawaii is comp claw on Mauna Kea of two observatories Side by Side thai can peer through what he regards As the last unopened window into space. That is the sub Milli Meler Region that lies Between the radio and infrared parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Water vapor in the atmosphere cuts of those wavelengths from observers at Normal elevations but his site is so High that the air above in is very dry. Observations in this part of the spectrum should help document the formation of new stars and planets and he compositions of planetary atmospheres and should help clarify to what extent chemical reactions in space have progressed toward those characteristic of life. One of the new observatories known locally As the g5if Ball