European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - November 23, 1987, Darmstadt, Hesse                                The stars and stripes monday november 23.1987 history sways Spain s bases policy by Susan Linnee associated press writer Madrid Spain near the end of Luis Burlanga s i i film classic Welcome. Or Marshall spaniards line the streets of a Small town awaiting the arrival of an american delegation that they believe will Shower them Wilh the economic benefits of the mar shall plan. But the american motorcade speeds through with out slopping showering the disappointed townspeople Wilh nothing but dust. Many spaniards accept this As an allegory of How the United slates i scaled their country in an hour of need after world War ii it refused vital economic Aid and made a Deal Wilh a Dic Lalor to install military bases to fight a cold War thai was of Little concern to them. The postwar experience still underlies the thinking of Many in Spain As socialist prime minister Felipe Gonzalez lakes a Tough position with the United states in inc 16-month-old negotiations Over american bases in Spain. Spain is demanding the United Stales with draw 72 f-1 i Jet fighters and five Kc-j35 midair re fueling aircraft in return for a new military cooperation agreement. The bases have never been popular in Spain not under Franco and not under democracy. The proposed reduction of the foreign presence is now a National clamor Roberto Mesa professor of political science at Madrid s comply Lens University wrote in the in dependent Madrid daily Al pais. In a recent speech defense minister Narcis Serra pointed out that Spanish opposition to a foreign Mili tary presence has to be seen in a historical context that Dales Back to the French invasion of spam under Napoleon in the Early 19th Century. It was a Lime Serra said when Spain had begun to Hunker Down behind the pyrenees after the loss of most of its overseas Empire and a period of extreme isolationism from which the country would not emerge until its entry into the european economic comm Nily in january last year. Spain fought and lost ils last foreign War in 1898 against the United states Over its colonies in Cuba and the Philippines. The 45-year-old go rata says the 1953 treaty signed by Gen. Francisco Franco and president Dwight d. Eisenhower was agreed to under Circum stances i itching from those in Spain today. What Spain wants he says is not a wholesale Amer ican withdrawal but a new agreement that is complementary to Spain s recent return to Europe through membership in nato and the dec. I agreement on a new Accord is not reached by May 14, the United states has one year to dismantle its three air bases at Torr Jon near Madrid Zaragoza in the Northeast and Moron de la fro Nicra in the South near Seville As Well As a major naval station at Rota jul Wesl of the Strait of Gibraltar. Gonzalez who campaigned successfully in 1982 and 1986 on promises to reduce the . Military presence in Spain says he does not seek the departure of All . Troops stationed in Spain. He seeks Only a substantial reduction that would be accomplished by the withdrawal of the us. Air a analysis Force s 101 is tac fighter Wing from Torr Jon a 11 Miles cast of Madrid and the refuelling jets from Zara Goza. Gonzalez says he thinks an arrangement will be reached either before the May 14 deadline or by Slop Ping the official clock after that Date until an agreement can be worked out. Some observers say they believe an agreement will be worked out for a gradual withdrawal Over five years of the 4,500 troops in question which would satisfy Spain s psychological and political needs and allow the United states to save face. The United Stales and european members of nato have accused Spain of putting National interest ahead of the Alliance which Spain joined m May i98z under a Center right government As part of a bid for admission to the dec. They say Gonzalez is motivated More by Domestic political mailers than by concern for shoring up West Ern conventional forces in Light of an impending . Soviel agreement to eliminate intermediate Range no Etcar missiles in Europe. In a March 1986 referendum spaniards voted to remain in nato on the condition that . Military presence be substantially reduced. Spain  a Ura during world War ii under he Franco dictatorship. It did nol qualify Lor economic Aid from the Marshall plan which was designed to rebuild War Lorn economics of Bullig creels on Bolh sides and Spain was ostracized and isolated by West Ern Europe. Instead Franco unable to gel his country into nato signed a military cooperation treaty with the United slates. The treaty provided St Ralcgie bases for american Long Range b-47 bombers thai would put into effect Tho doctrine of massive retaliation m the event of a War with the soviet Union in return Spain received credits for the Purchase of . Military equipment and Franco in the words of defense minister Serra received substantial help for the survival of his  through successive renewals of the initial treaty. Serra Lold the 29th annual conference of the International Institute for strategic studies in Barcelona i september the Atlantic Alliance obtained All it needed from Spanish territory for strategic interests of West pm Security. There was no commitment to defend Spain and Spain was definitely not considered a West pm ally. At the press Lalion of the Institute s annual military balance report nov. 10 in London director Francois a Risbourg accused Spain of exacerbating what he termed the Rise of Anli european ism in the United Stales with ils demand for the reduction of . Mili tary presence. Gonzalez has emphasized his desire for closer de sense cooperation within Western Europe. The Independent Madrid daily Diario 16 warned that the nest six months of negotiations usher in a delicate period during which anti americanism and Spain s historic isolationism could find Fertile ground. Francisco Alvira of the private or polling organization says spaniards Are not Ami american but anti bloc and would really prefer some sort of neutrality. Modigliani sold a Phulo Ai employee of the drouot Luck a House holds work by Lilun Painter Arnedeo mod Felzani thai a a Fey in Paris. The painting. Tilled in Assis sur to divan it also known u la bilk Rankine sold for 41 million francs about s7j million to i Uno Nemous buyer. . Official asks Japan to accept mature role Tokyo up Commerce Secre tary William verily said saturday Japan Musl drop ils developing country mentality and Lake an Active role in the world Economy. Japan has this continuing mentality that they re just a Lille old developing country and yet their banking system is now larger than ours said verily Al the end of Bis first trip abroad since taking Over the Helm of the Commerce depart ment after the death of Malcolm bal Drige in  Are now mature verily said he told new prime minister Nob ont take Shita and several Cabinet ministers in four Days of la i. I recall that the United slates was t really prepared to Lake Over world leadership from the British and it s been painful. I think me japanese Haven t yet realized that because of their great Success in the marketplace they now have the responsibility a Mutual one with us and others to share in taking the Lead in solving some of these problems he said. Verily said the administration decided to put touch Trade issues up front in ils rela ions with the new government in Hopes a direct approach would push the japanese into a More Active Rale in world a stairs. It was the president s thought and the thought of the Cabinet that Raybe by Coin ing Over Early. And putting out on the table the things that we should be thinking about and working about thai this might be a constructive move verily said at a break fast Wilh foreign correspondents. And i believe it has Lumen out to be that Bui the Japa Csc responded 10 specific issues Verity brought up Wilh either a Clear no or ambivalence. I Don t really Mink it is a smart thing to take up Trade issues in the first meeting said Voichik Mas Zoe it professor at Tokyo univ Cisily and adviser to Takishita. All requests or demands made by the  cd states Are seen As Japan  will make Takeshita s Job More and More difficult he said. The japanese resist policy changes if they Are seen As being forced on them by the americans he said. The United slates needs a Subtle Way of approaching the problems he said. Foreign minister Sosuke Uno told verily the japanese would nol open their government financed construction projects expected to be Worth s200 Bulion in the next decade to . Bidden. Truly the japanese do nol want any foreigners to come into construction projects. Verily said. They Are no differ ent than any other country. When you allow foreigners to come into this mar Ket there will be  Bui verily said Japan Musl open markets or it will be difficult to prevent con Gress from retaliating. Verity said he had been asked by .energy Secretary John hymn ton to see if Fak Shila would reconsider last month s decision not to support the United Stales in an embargo of iranian Oil  said saudi Arabia and the United Arab emirates had agreed to make up any Oil shortage if Japan participated in the embargo. Verily said. Verity said he received no indication from Takishita thai Japan would recon Sid  rejected the embargo staling it wanted to remain Neutral in the Tran Iraq War