European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - February 25, 1988, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Thursday. February 25. 1988 the stars and stripes Page 9 command opportunities studied Overall men a women s chances equal army says lit   Bureau wait anti Lun the army has no know edged instances where men officers have been Given Heller command opportunities Charr their women counterparts Hul ii says Hal. As n Rule company Grade officers or Holli vies receive equal chances n com Mand. An army report on i he command Issue also said that senior raters have Given so Oman officers performance reports i dual to or greater than shul of the male office in All branches of the service. The report. Issued earlier this month was prepared at the Sci Mucsi of Ilie defense advisory comm acc on women in Ilu services. Dacoits Hail cited a growing perception among company Grade women officers that they Are not being Given the same oppor Unity i tort kid companies or Bat erics thai male officers Are Gisen Miny of the complaints came but of Europe the Arm acknowledged thai there hate he Sev eral statistically significant instances where males have commanded .11 Hillier  Bui in said that after careful evaluation the majority of these cases can be attributed to past or present policy limiting female officer assignments to tactical units in preparing i s response to dacoits. The army looked Ai officers who entered the service Between 1977 and \ ik2. It looked Al inc Totol number or in Pany Grade i Lumen nil Iceni from thai period i.ll74 women and 3.j5s men. A review of officers who entered Afler 19s2 would not prove useful because those newer officer i a Nojd not have had inc Opportunity to command the Orvice said. The areas in which men were chosen at higher rates Tor command than women on a percentage basis were aviation ordnance military police quartermaster corps and transportation Carpi. In aviation Only i 2.8 percent of inc company Grade women officers had received command opportunities is compared 10 j3.4 percent of their male counterparts. In inc military police 615 percent of women received command chances compared to 77.3 percent of the men. The figures were 56.3 percent of the women and 75.2 percent of inc men in the quartermaster corps 67 percent of the women and 77.7 percent of the men in ordnance and 50.4 percent of the women is. 68.9 percent of the men in transportation. The Arm said the opportunities in the five brandies where women had lagged behind had been limited by Pasi restrictions on women roles. Bui it Laid inc situation has been improving. Women were shown to be doing very Well in gelling commands in the signal corns doing slightly a cur than men on a percentage basis and also Uherc doing Well in Field artillery and engineering a woman ran qualify Tor a Field artillery command in cases where the armaments Are placed far enough Back from prospective Battle areas. Of inc women surveyed in inc signal corps. 63.3 percent had received command opportunities As com pared to 62.7 percent of the men reviewed. In Engi Neering 78 percent til i in women had gotten chances ill command versus k3 percent of the males. Other areas that the army said showed no Lack of adjutant general with 44.9 percent of the women and 32.8 percent of the men gelling a Chance Al command chemical corps with 2.1, percent of the women and 37.5 percent of the men receiving opportunities and air defense with 57.4 percent of the women and 70.fi percent of he men gel i ing chances Al command. While some of the percent noes in some of these areas Are slanted heavily toward the men the army said his was usually because of the Small Sample sizes. For sex amp there were 275 company Grade male offi cers studied in Llic chemical corps compared to 55 company Grade female officers in inc entire corps. Even though inc percentages sometimes look relatively far apart under careful statistical analysis and test it shows that the hypothesis that they arc not equal cannot be statistically proven an army personnel spokesman said. Handbook gives tips on Pentagon Power plays .-.,& i or  Aii Richard  Wasl Linci Lun Noti when military officer arrive my the Field for duty in inc defense depart ment. Ilii1 Are Ufton bewildered frustrated and some line ii limn i i d by ii bureaucratic ethic thai pervades the corridors of Trie Pentagon. Hut it is no Lunger necessary to Grinc thanks to a political sen ill Whit has developed a Handy guide Tor operating in Hie Pentagon. The author Ralph Manila who Calls hi1 guide bureaucratic ploys and strata  sat the ideas were distilled from his own experience an restart h. As Wal As from conversations with hundreds Numi liars officers and civilian officials. The  if ulcers. Having screed its command ers or Shaft Villi Corv in battalions aboard ships or in Aerial Saiia dunns. Are accustomed to working Weihin the relatively Well defined protocols of the military culture fun Ami  orders in a ill Algell Orward manner. Conns an  to the Pentagon a by amino Bur Caus a thut Llimos on Wheeling and dealing Cutie rat Tompic tiling among Llic military services Load Biog " t onrcs1, or evading  direction Woisil Lusinia que Kkt sets in. Sail cts. Lii is Sci retired discovered All this Many be is i i while studying for a Doc Iurasc at Sci re Clun rms Asti and As a civilian official in the t a in Agni i to r As a professor of management Al the Industrial Rule of of the armed Fortes he so Jln to prepare officers Lur Itie Pentagon. For these select if firn Sanders has devised the following in Pui s to achieve Success set Precco Dyni and votaries have Henri if that they have less nge King approval for Small less expensive Peri Nims than for Large costly plans. Onion a Small Pra Jeci has in in approved its hackers Hope i build in Init a multimillion Dollar program. Bin the Astuy decking maker is wary of precedent and thus seeming is trivial Nuli ers can create intense  Consol Hirv Sholds. A senior official manages the chances of fusing a program accepted or rejected by raising or Lus Cring thresholds of Dollar amounts below Uhli subordinates can make decisions. A $10 million  gives a subordinate More leeway than does $5 million. Manipulate information Nufi Litany officers Mure than anybody Csc. Understand inc use of he visual  hau1 developed briefing to a Fine Art. Especially to inform superiors. Such briefings Are of a elaborate Prescia tins of slides with charts graphs maps and pictures. In item Sanders said ctr Ganung budget data in one Way Rall tit than another can trigger Welcome chains of thought thus a Small but irritating expense can lie hidden by lumping it with those that Are Mure palatable. Jung la deadlines. Executives give Sulur Dinnies insufficient Lime to conduct a thorough analysis be cause thes Don t want the staff la scuttle a decision conversely. Tufft ask decision makers for decisions the of no acne Neul assigned of firn Chu Ruih Cun Sull a guide la Succi Soful Wheeling and d very soon after submitting inc necessary information when they want in  order studies. Some analyses arc genuinely needed to obtain information some Are used to delay a decision. Others Hume from vested interests. To protect himself the def Ilion maker assures himself of competing analyses. Reorg Iii of. Seceni reorganizations in the Penta gon have been the result of congressional pressures. Others have been i mended to shift Power. A defense executive can clip the wings of a troublesome subordinate by Corfam in his office outside the Loop of Deci  stack the alternatives. Advisers can deftly con Trast their own preferred courses of action by bringing up others that they know Are inferior. By neglecting id inform their chief of competing alternatives they make him believe he has a real Choice when in fact he has Only  get multiple ads ice. This is a Conler to the stacked alternative. Pentagon executives live Learned to avoid becoming the captives of their subordinates by insuring thai competing elements have Access to them to improve their chances of gelling pertinent information and real  foreclose options senior officials arc of ions in a better position than subordinates to apply this Surat chem. But subordinates can Uve in by failing to pull together sufficient Icson a i to carry out the Boss s course of action run intelligence networks. This does t mean actually in Yang but fitting pieces of information together to figure out an opponent s nun us. % build coalitions. Since one official is rarely influential enough in have his own Way he seeks allies among those with like interests. Seek outside advice. It certainly does not hurl to have a highly respected consulting organization offer advice hat accords with Hal of the Agency paying for it. Although this technique smacks of collusion Many Good ideas have Hen told to higher authority with an outside  Sanders said Hal. Hen lie first lectured on the ploys i got a hostile response because some of the students assumed the techniques were immoral and  As Lime wore on. He said Many people found them  defense bureaucrats should not advocate lying or cheating or claim that the end always justifies the mean he cautioned