European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - June 11, 1988, Darmstadt, Hesse                                A new generation of Bridge design Cable slayed Bridges Tup Poil the Road by with a blocs running Der Cully re ten i he Lowers the cables must withstood be in dead Toad i to wig he of the Roadway and Hue Load. Dynamically varying forces of i tall in. Wind and vibration some experts Sari that Iho continual stressing and retaking of these cables has made i Horn unexpectedly corrosion and fatigue on Many Bridges. Extras bus Taw Lam to cracked protective shells. Exposing lha sled Cable p id Waler and to pop ruled air lha i creates pita and crack Chita aay thai  Metal Fali Gua Assoc add Witti the Oei Ign May also encourage corrosion. The old design because they am ism expensive to build Cable stayed Bridges rave largely replaced the Iradi urinal suspension Bridge below w uses Many Small Veit icat cables Atu Chod to primary cables hanging in an arc Between the lower  towering Sunshine Skyway Bridge  Concrete Cable Tea had pan to the Western hemisphere opened to traffic fear Yew. Mode too vulnerable to corrosion by James Gleick new York times juror has wept to in tha world of engineering Over the Long term Reli Abili innovative design that has come to Dot 1he modern generation of great Bridge replacing he traditional suspension by two experts have conducted an International is these new Bridges known As Cable slaved Bridge they say that i hair inspections revealed i Desarna corrosion premature and potentially dangerous cables thai hold up lha roadways. There s a cancer in these Bridges one of the i Stewart a Watson said in an interview Aller loot 100 of these Bridges we re scared to  he to group of experts on Bridge safety in new York a Germany where the the Cable slay design we invented Bridges that were meant to last for Many have had to be shut Dawn so thai corroded cables replaced. We wore just shorted la see new Bride 10 years old with tremendous corrosive degraded primary cables Watson said american Bridge designers however acc i Watson and other critics of exaggerating the or. And raising an unnecessary alarm. They say tha stayed Bridges in the United Stales where a a have been built since 1971, use improved Lech thai provide ample Protection from corrosion a the advantages far outweigh the problems. The questions about this new generation of b arise at a Lime when local and regional govern around the world Are already struggling with the expensive problem of repairing or replacing Oldi Bridges whose useful lives have been Cut Short deferral of routine maintenance. More than 200 of the world s largest Bridges Allol the Large Bridges built in the Las two deca Europe North and South America and Asia r the Cable stay design. The roadways of suspension Bridges arc heir vertical cables attached to enormous main Cable hang in an arc Between he supporting towers contrast Cable slay Bridges use cables that far downward directly trom the towers the new design has proved both relatively inexpensive and aesthetically spectacular. Since aftermath of world War ii when German engine began using Cable slayed Bridges to replace in Rhine Crossings destroyed by bombing they i constructed wherever engineers needed to sup Span of about 700 to 2,200 fee. For longer spar suspension Bridges Are still belter mainly bees Cable stayed Bridges require tailor Lowers. Although they have not completed their world Survey Watson and a colleague David staff arc been giving a series of talks to publicize their f within the engineering profession and they a published their assertions in an unusual cover � the current Issue of civil engineering a Prates journal of the american society of civil Englee most of the world s Cable stayed Bridges the Are in serious danger because corrosion is att. Their  to protect against corrosion ties have used a variety of techniques they added nearly All those methods have ailed to one Eli  they emphasized that they Are not Challenge Cable stay design hey believe it will continue i design of Choice for All but the very longest brie they say hat a remedy must to found or Hec and that Itie costs will be far greater than expo a Well known German Bridge designer Ulrico finsterwalder supports the assertions of wats Stafford. Because of the special configuration stayed Bridges a said their cables can surfer excessive vibration. That leads to Metal fatigue the cables especially vulnerable to corrosion for or polluted air these modern Cable stayed Bridges have n saturday