European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - December 7, 1990, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Friday. December 7, 1990 the stars and stripes Page 5 Ion by Malcolm Gladwell the Washington Post women Are twice As Likely As men to suffer from major depression and the reasons Are less biological than cultural according to results of a three year study released wednesday. Poverty unhappy marriage reproductive stress and sexual and physical abuse Are stronger factors than biology in accounting for the difference in depression rates Between men and women a research group for the american psychological association said. Depression afflicts about 7 million american women leads to 30,000 suicides annually and costs society an estimated $16 billion a year the researchers said. The illness has been known for some time to strike women disproportionately but interpreting this difference has been controversial. Some experts claim that women simply Are quicker to report emotional distress and More willing than men to seek treatment. A this argument says women Are not really More depressed they just say and think so a said Ellen Mcgrath director of women study says Ellen Mcgrath the psychology Center in new York and chairwoman of the research group. A the task Force found that women truly Are More depressed than men primarily due to the experience of being female in our contemporary culture Quot she said. A women Are doubly disadvantaged Quot said University of Texas psychiatrist Jean Hamilton a principal author of the report. A mental health experts however cautioned that the findings should not be considered a definite answer to the Puzzle of Why women suffer greater emotional distress than men. Quot the truth is that we Don t know the answer a said Alan Lishner acting Dirac Tor of the alcohol drug abuse and mental health administration. The task forces principal finding is that no single Factor is responsible for the dramatically higher rates of major depression among women. Infertility however was a major risk Factor with 40 percent of women in one study reporting that their inability to conceive was the most upsetting experience of their lives. Other key risk factors for women identified by the report were a cognitive and personality styles. Women Are no it re prone to avoid ant Pas Sive dependent behaviour patterns and pessimistic negative thought processes and Are More Likely than men to focus on depressed feelings rather than developing a action and Mastery  a marriage and children. Married women arc three times More Likely than either married men or single women to be depressed in an unhappy marriage with vulnerability to depression increasing As the number of children increases and the age of the children decreases. Women with More and younger children Are More depressed than those with fewer and older children. A sexual and physical abuse. New evidence suggests that victimization of women May be More prevalent than previously thought and As a result May play an  role in promoting depression. A a poverty. Women in Low income groups Are at significantly greater risk for depression and 75 percent of those below the poverty line in the United states Are women and children. A Washington apr congressional budget experts believe that next years budget deficit will list at least a record $337 billion despite the deficit reduction Law enacted last month documents obtained wednesday by the associated press reveal. That deficit projection will probably grow worse because of the weakening Economy the non partisan congressional budget office said in a report prepared for delivery thursday to the House budget Quot committee. 1 Bush administration officials Are now drafting a budget proposal for the 1992 fiscal year which begins opt -1, but they Are not expected to release their figures until february. \ v a deficit of $337 billion would be Well above the ceiling required by the new deficit reduction Law. The calculations by the congressional budget office Are the first that show How the five year $496 billion deficit cutting Law will affect the Federal budget Over the next several years. Coq a a figures Are advisory and Are not officially used to determine How High the deficit is that task Falls to the White House s office of management and budget. Nonetheless the co figures Are widely respect Don Capitol Hill. The co report was based on conditions that existed in october. The study a authors cautioned that since then Oil prices have remained High the real estate Market has been weak and Many Banks and corporations have had financial problems _ the report projects a $320 billion deficit for the current fiscal year which runs through sept 30. That would be $7 billion below the ceiling set by the new deficit reduction Law for this year. If accurate it would be the first time since deficit targets were imposed in 1986 that the actual budget Gap was less than the maximum deficit set by Law. But problems would begin again next year when the new Law requires a budget Gap of no More than $317 billion the report said. The shortfall that year will exceed the target by at least $20 billion it said. That might not be a serious problem because new procedures allow the administration to increase deficit targets to reflect a weakening Economy. A it on Atlanta apr the Georgia supreme court on wednesday upheld a state Law Banning masks in Public.1 the Law had been challenged by a Kun jux klan member. The court said the Law does not infringe on free speech and free association rights guaranteed by the state and Federal constitutions nor is the Law unconstitutionally vague or Over Road the court said. Violation of the anti mask Law enacted in 1951, is a Misdemeanour and carries a maximum penalty of a $1,000fine Kraycar imprison. The ruling on a 6-1 vote reversed the decision of a Gwinnett county judge who dismissed Misdemeanour charges against klan member Shade Miller jr., who was charged in february with wearing a mask in Public. Milter attacking the statute As unconstitutional contended that wearing a mask is symbolic speech and is protected under the Constitution. The lower court agreed but the state supreme court rejected the arguments in a lengthy opinion which held that the act furthers the state s a compelling interest in keeping people free from violence Ana intimidation a a nameless faceless figure strikes terror in the human heart a chief Justice Harold g. Clarke wrote. Sands of time in the stars and stripes reps. Anderson Annunzio lose 40 years ago today. Committee dec 7,1950 presidential press Secretary Charles Gross collapsed and died of a heart attack in his White House office president Truman expressed profound Shock at the sudden death of his boyhood Friend and trusted aide. _30 years ago today. Dec. 7i i960 a French president Charles de Gaulle won his $1.2 billion atomic striking Force after a third and final vote by a reluctant National assembly.20 years ago today. Dec 7, 1970 a King Hussein of Jordan said he did not exclude the possibility of Sei separating Jordan s occupied West Bank of the Jordan River from the rest of the country As part of a Middle East peace settlement.10 years ago today. Dec. 7,1980 a Congress approved and sent president Carter a record $160.1 billion defense budget that included funds for a new manned bomber but dropped plans to resume chemical weapons production. Washington up there will be new faces at the Helms of two House committees after democrats expressed their unhappiness with the performances of Veteran reps. Glenn Anderson a Calif j and Frank Annunzio Dill. In precession action wednesday Anderson 77, first elected to Congress in 1968, was ousted from his Post As chairman of the House committee on Public works and transportation on a 152-100 vote Annunzio 75, first elected to Congress in 1964, lost the chairmanship of the House administration committee on a 127-125 vote. Rep Robert Roe p-nj., 66, who was first elected to Congress in 1969, was chosen to replace Anderson and rep. Charles Rose , 51, first elected to Congress in 1972, was elected to succeed Annunzio a. All other committee chairmen were retained including rep. Henry Gonzalez a Texas chairman of the House banking committee who survived a Challenge in Annunzio Anderson his bid to continue As chairman. Roe in becoming Public works chairman had to give up his chairmanship of the House science space and technology committee and the democrats chose rep George Brown d-calif., to take Over that panel the votes came As House democrats completed organizational business in preparation for the 102nd Congress which convenes in january. The democrats voted 163-89 to keep Gonzalez As chairman of the banking  \ a a the votes marked the first time since 1985 that a House chairman was removed from his Post. In that year rep. Mel Price d-lil., was ousted As chairman of the House armed services committee in a coup engineered by rep. Les Aspin d-wis., Whon came chairman the challenges to the three chairmen also marked the most significant rebellion since 1974, when the Reform minded Post watergate class of freshmen House members voted to depose several Veteran chairmen the rejection of Annunzio was a bitter blow for the Veteran lawmaker who had just survived a hard fought re election Campaign in his Home District. Republicans made Annunzio one of their top priority targets in the november election but he managed to rally support and win re election