European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - September 2, 1991, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Monday september 2, 1991 the stars and stripes a Page 3 soviets plan lean Volunteer army the stars and stripes Moscow apr the Kremlin a Post communist army will be smaller cheaper and mostly Volunteer responsible for nuclear weapons and Border defense say the new defense minister and other soviet officials. Its purse strings will be held closely by leaders of the soviet republics which Are forming their own National guards. A the people have changed and the army has changed a said the new defense minister marshal Yevgeny Shaposhnikov 49. A the soviet armed forces will never not under any conditions be used against our own  the threat from the soviet military in the next few months or years might Stem a a not from potential aggression by Moscow but from the Chance that it could break apart in the chaos that some fear might engulf the country. Shaposhnikov was appointed after the hard line coup against Mikhail s. Gorbachev failed. Since then he has endorsed a replacement of 80 percent of the top officer corps. A removal of communist party cells from the army. A transition to a mostly Volunteer Force. Reduction in the length of conscript service from 24 to 18 months. A formation of National guards under the presidents of the republics. Some changes will come More quickly than others but the direction and Pace coup outdated Book on soviet military Power by John Lancaster they done to know when a or even if a the Washington Post they will offer a revised version. A Washington a just Days before a a it a a bit of a Challenge a said pen its scheduled release the Pentagon has Wagon chief spokesman Pete Williams suspended the annual publication of a Glossy analytical compendium of soviet military Power suggesting that the events in the soviet Union have made the widely distributed document about As useful As last years Calendar. The yearly assessment of soviet military might hatched during the Reagan years to help make the Case for bigger soviet weaponry budget trends personnel changes and other factors soviet military Power could serve As a barometer of superpower relations Over the last decade. First published in 19s1 during the tenure of than Secretary of defense air of dete. J ,. A a re to the�?doeum., written edited and sent to the govern hewed closely to the a evil Empire. Printing office with orders for school of soviet military analysis. 195,740 copies officials said. As recently As 1987, it warned that but with the collapse of the coup and a your technological Lead is being in subsequent purge of the soviet military Cre singly challenged a describing the leadership Pentagon officials realized soviet buildup As a going far beyond be they had a Dinosaur on their hands. Now Giti mate requirements for  the Book had its critics most notably defense analyst Tom Gervasi author of a 1988 �?oannotated1 and corrected version that accused the Pentagon of hyping its facts for propaganda purposes. Although demand has ebbed somewhat in Light of the diminished soviet threat the Book remains popular in and out of government. Distributed free within the Pentagon and sold in bookstores for $6.50 a copy it is one of frequently requested documents. But the coup attempt May turn the one time Best seller into a collectors item. As soviet military leaders toppled like nine pins Pentagon officials a almost literally ran in saying a Stop the presses a a said one official. Clearly will be set by russian president Boris n. Yeltsin and other Republic leaders. Breaking from the soviet tradition of a Large conscript army the National Force will be smaller mostly Volunteer and professional trained for modern warfare say Shaposhnikov and others. But they have not indicated How Many of the More than 4 million soviet troops will be Cut. Under pressure from Yeltsin Gorbachev appointed russian prime minister Ivan Ilayev to oversee defense and Security matters. Ilayev promptly announced a 50 percent Cut in the 1992 defense budget from the 1991 level of 100 billion rubles or $179 billion at official Exchange rates. The budget however is not an accurate count of soviet defense spending much of which is buried in bureaucracies other than the defense ministry and is held Down Overall by artificially Low weapons prices and minimal salaries for  knew crisis loomed wife s Book says London apr soviet president Mikhail s. Gorbachev predicted a fierce Battle with conservative opponents More than a year before the abortive coup that briefly ousted him last month his wife Raisa wrote in her new Book. In excerpts from her memoirs i Hope published in the sunday times she said the warning came during a Holiday in Yalta with her husband last year. A Mikhail said to me a we be got the most difficult time ahead of us. There is going to be political fighting. Its very alarming but we  give in to the conservatives we  surrender the Fate of the country to cowboys. They will ruin everything a a she wrote. The Book to be published in English by Harper Collins on thursday also includes memories of her childhood student years parents hobbies and family. It has been published in russian by the soviet publisher no Vosti. She was with her husband at their Black sea vacation Home in the Crimea when Gorbachev was placed under House arrest by coup plotters aug. 18. After the coup started and before it collapsed three Days later the books publishers or e quoted As saying they were considering changing the title to i hoped. In her Book Raisa Gorbachev said her husbands fears were exacerbated by nationalism and extremism that were spreading through the soviet Union like a a cancerous  a these Are anxious times with much to be concerned about about the future of the country about the Fate of the Union of Peoples. A where did this All destructive aggression Spring from i feel scared. Is every policy ineffective in the face of this evil a she wrote of growing nervousness invading daily life. But most of All she worried about her husbands ability to Cope with the a incredible tension of his position. Raisa wrote that one of Gorbachev a most difficult nights had come when soviet tanks and troops stormed Baku killing dozens of people As they crushed the nationalist azerbaijani popular front. A the next Day i could scarcely recognize Mikhail Serg Yevich. He had gone Gray and his face was Gray too he seemed to have suffered a nervous Shock to have gone through a mental crisis a she wrote. The reforms should open Many of the mysteries of the soviet military to the outside world. A the budget has been such a Slippery thing to get a handle on a said Condolee a Rice formerly an adviser to president Bush on soviet affairs and now a professor at Stanford University. A the More interesting thing will be what they Start to Cut in terms of defense capacity a such As closing bases or cancelling weapons programs said Rice. Lithuanian patriotism a Young child in Vilnius Lithuania takes time out from playing on saturday afternoon to peer into the barrel of a cardboard Cannon that has a a Patriot writ ten across one Side. The Cannon was built and set up in the capital As a Symbol of Lithuania a struggle for Independence from the soviet  s Tomb still draws tourist crowd London up a despite his fall from Grace in some of the societies he inspired Karl Marx remains a major tourist draw in the City where he died penniless in 1883. Highgate cemetery a the final resting place of Marx his wife daughter grandson and housekeeper a ironically pulls in 90,000 pounds about $151,000, a year from admission fees to tourists at the cemetery where other dignitaries of the 19th Century including novelist George Eliot Are also buried. The a father of communism a whose funeral was attended by Only 11 people now receives dozens of visitors every hour both casual tourists and dedicated pilgrims. Many faithful visitors bring red carnations leaving them tucked around the Marx family a memorial plaque. Marx came to the City with his family in 1849 at age 31 As a political exile after being evicted from his native Prussia As Well As from Belgium and France. He wrote some of his greatest works in London while living in crushing poverty that led to the deaths of three of his children two in infancy. Sustained by family friends and Token payments by the new York daily Tribune for a weekly article Marx developed his arguments against the capitalist system and the miseries suffered by the working class. Erected by the British communist party in 1956, the Monument consists of an enormous Bronze sculpture of Marx a head and shoulders perched atop a donated Marble plinth slightly too Small for it. As a result the sculptor had to Cut the shoulders Short leaving Marx with what appeared to be a Salt Illen head. Whereas busts of Marx in Moscow Are being sprayed with Graffiti or knocked off their pedestals this one at least is tended with care. Since world War ii most of the Graves in Highgate cemetery have been overgrown by Trees and underbrush. But Marx a Tomb is tidy. It Isnit at All what i expected a said Thelma pain who was visiting the cemetery with her husband Basil for the first time even though they have lived in the neighbourhood for 40 years. A we did no to really come to see him although of course we knew he was Here. I did no to expect so Many people to be