European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - March 18, 1992, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Wednesday March 18, 1992 the stars and stripes a Page 13commentaryhever Mimp about the missiles Asp ships just Teil me who runs the mess Hail Quot Andrew j. Glass Quick fix Aid May vanish Down Moscow rat Hole &i99q a the Buck stops Here Quot read the sign on the desk of the nations 33rd president Harry s. Truman. Eight presidents later George Bush is sinless. But if he had one these Days it might read a if one wants to be a statesman one first must get  that was a motto of Benjamin Disraeli the 19th-Century British prime minister. History embraces Disraeli As a statesman a verdict it has yet to reach on George Bush. Richard m. Nixon a former president who holds the rung Halfway Between Truman and Bush now wants the 41st president to act More like the 33rd. Nixon recalled How Truman a Democrat had the guts to ask Congress then in Republican hands to Send Money to Europe. Purpose to keep the russians at Bay. Nixon wants Bush a Republican to get a democratic Congress to Send Money to the russians. Purpose so they can join Europe. Nixon is the Only president Ever forced to resign that office. He began his political life in the House by reviling Truman for supposedly coddling  now As he enters his eighth decade he seeks to uplift a National Campaign that shows every sign of veering into the Gutter. Henry Kissinger served As the clean up speaker at the Nixon coming out party. Kissinger tapped the phones of aides and reporters when he worked for Nixon at the White House. He has since earned a Fortune by telling corporate boards hard truths about the sad state of the world. With Nixon seated a few feet away he recalled what his former Boss would Tell him a you pay the same Price for doing something Halfway As for doing it  in for a dime in for a Dollar As Truman sold poker Loving pals might have put it. The message to Bush True believers will scorn you As a phony conservative no matter what you do to try to appease them. So the line goes you might As Well bet the farm by trying to bail out democracy in Russia. Bush Isnit buying. He is still running to be the Leader of his party rather than the Leader of his country. Not to be rude he turns his pockets inside out for old no. 37. Sec Dick they re empty. Sorry about that. Bush does no to talk much about the Cia memos that show How in 1990-91 the West plunged $44 billion into the soviet Union. That is serious Money by any Standard. No one Here has the faintest idea where it has gone says de Hewitt the top staff person at the White House who deals with the crumpled soviet Empire. You can have your pick of ironies. Washington sends four diplomats to Kiev the capital of Ukraine a new country the size of France. Still that is four More than Moscow so far has sent. What is the message there in Moscow Boris n. Yeltsin says he needs $20 billion Quick to keep the Ruble from sinking further and to keep a despot from kicking him out of the Kremlin. But the fear in Washington is that All that Money also would go Down the rat Hole. One wonders if Nixon no stranger to scandal has advised Bush on what to do if it is shown that the . Taxpayers once again made some Swiss Bankers Happy with a Bunch of new accounts from Moscow. C Cox news service Harry g. Summer justness of War a matter still Worth debating a retrospective conference called one year later the Gulf War and just War was recently held at Vanderbilt University in Nashville Tenn. Organized by Jean Bethke Elshtain the University a Centennial professor of political science the panels included Christian hebrew and islamic theologians philosophers and political scientists who discussed the finer theoretical Points of just War theory. What made this conference different from most such academic endeavours was that Elshtain also included non academic panellists who had seen War firsthand including myself retired Navy adm. Jerry breast and can War correspondent Charles Jaco. My task was to look at just War theory from a military perspective and As will be discussed later to examine whether just War theory still has relevance on a High tech Battlefield. Rooted in the fifth Century teachings of St. Augustine and the 13th-Century amplifications of St. Thomas Aquinas just War theory did not seek to glorify War. Its intent was precisely the opposite to harness and constrain wars inherent barbarism. The theory has two distinct parts a jus and Bellum the decision to go to War and jus in Bello the conduct of War itself. Just War theory stipulates that the decision to go to War be made a by proper  in the United states that decision by Law. Is reserved to the Congress. Although that principle was violated in both the korean and Vietnam wars in the persian Gulf War the Congress finally reasserted its authority. Although there was no formal declaration of War on Jan. 12, 1991, five Days before the Onset of hostilities the Congress by a vote of 52-47 in the Senate and 250183 in the House of representatives gave the president explicit authority to use military Force. And by giving their authority the Congress satisfied yet another requirement of just War theory that the War be waged in Pursuit of a just cause. While reasonable people can and do disagree As to what constitutes a a just cause a requiring that determination to be made not by the president alone but by the Congress a the representatives of the people periodically elected a goes a Long Way toward validating the cause in the eyes of the majority of the american people. In the Gulf War the cause was certified As Quot just not Only by the Congress but also by the several resolutions of the United nations Security Council and ratified by the Battlefield support provided by some 40 world nations that joined in the coalition against Saddam Hussein. A last resort is another Tenet of just War theory. Although those who suffer under the delusion that it is the generals and admirals who push the nation into War would find it hard to believe the fact is that traditionally the military is the ones who argue against resorting to Force of arms. As Harvard a prof. Samuel Huntington pointed out in his landmark 1967 work the Soldier and the state the professional military has always argued that War be a matter of last resort. Indeed in the persian Gulf crisis two former chairmen of the joint chiefs of staff a air Force Gen. David Jones and Navy adm. William j. Crowejr. A both argued before the Senate that sanctions be Given More time to work. And according to Bob Woodward a inside account of Gulf War decision making Gen. Colin l. Powell the present pcs chairman also shared those views. It was president Bush and Bush alone who made the determination As to when the a last resort had been reached. The decision was his to make and he made it. While jus and Bellum is dominated by politics recall Clausewitz a famous dictum that a War is the Continua Tion of political Intercourse with the addition of other Means jus in Bello a the conduct of War a has to do with the Battlefield. The Means used says just War theory must be in proportion to the ends to be achieved. This Tenet explains Why the United states did not use nuclear weapons in either Korea or Vietnam. Although we had the Means a thousand times Over the american people would not permit the use of such weapons in their name. And according to recent press accounts a a proportionality was one of the reasons the War ended when it did. Public revulsion against the so called a Avenue of death where iraqis fleeing from Kuwait had been caught in a devastating Aerial bombardment along the Road led to Bush a decision to Call a halt to the fighting and order a cease fire. A a discrimination is yet another Tenet of just War theory a the requirement that every Effort be made to ensure against harming non belligerents and civilians. One of the major areas of Contention in the aftermath of the Gulf War that Issue will be discussed in a later column. As we will see the very nature of the debate is proof positive that just War theory still lives. Retired col. Harry g. Summers is a distinguished fellow of the army Wai College and author of the recently published on Stra logy ii a critical analysis of the persian quit War c los angolan tunes Syndicate the opinion expressed in the columns end cartoons on this Page represent those of the authors and Are in no Way to be considered As representing the views of the stars and stripes or the United states government