European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - September 11, 1967, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 4 the stars and strikes monday september 11, 1967 Mena Inara moving to break barriers 33% of housing units restrict negro gis by Marc hurts a Washington Bureau Washington is Ajust concluded detailed Survey of the open housing situation near military bases from Maine to California shows that negro servicemen Are denied equal treatment in about one third of the 900,000 housing units Avail Able. But if defense Secretary Robert s. Mcnamara and the Resl of the defense department have their Way things won t remain this Way for , in releasing the Survey thursday called it shameful Story of discrimination against thousands of Menin uniform and the other Mem Bers of their  open housing varies by state and locality with some areas reporting no housing bars and others reporting Many. Mcnamara is moving to break the barriers Down All Over the country using the experience gained in this area and Maryland As a  cooperation with apart ment and trailer court owner failed Here Mcnamara put the facilities off limits for rental or leasing by All servicemen. This resulted in raising the number of open housing units from 15,000 to 47,500 in a few  was selected As the next specific target of the Mcnamara w All tall order by Robert d. Of Man Danang Vietnam a a Barrier of barbed wire and electronic eyes and ears along the Northern rim of South Viet Nam How effective would it be against North vietnamese infiltrating forces the evidence Here is . Marines dug in and patrolling South of the demilitarized zone which divides the two Vietnam already Are keeping out any major communist Force. The chief infiltration route snot through the demilitarized Sone but Over the old to chiming Trail. This runs around South Vietnam s Northwestern Corner and southward through neighbouring Laos and cambo Dia. It has branches that Cut into South Vietnam at Points along the Way. To be effective such a Wall As announced by Secretary of defense Robert s. Mcnamara in Washington thursday would have to run not Only along the rugged Mountain terrain of the Northern rim but also More than 100 Miles South along the Border of Laos. Military men Here Are maintaining Public silence on Mcnamara s  one Marine commander commented i wish him a Lotof  the first relatively easy step in Mcnamara Swall As it is being called Here has been taken. Betwee april 12 and june 24, . Marine and South vietnamese engineers scraped out a 600-Yard wide Clearing from the leather neck artillery base at Gio Linn West to the Marine Strong Pintat con Thien a distance of seven Miles roughly paralleling the Doz. The vietnamese army cleared some areas in the five Miles be tween gip Linh and the sea but the terrain there is mostly Sand and Salt Flats anyway. There has been no evidence that this defensive strip has been greatly effective to  work first began on that seven mile stretch in april Many . Marine commanders were critical. They said such Aline would lock a Large Force of men into defensive positions an deny them the mobility that has been the Keystone in the Allie Campaign against North Viet n a m e s e and Viet con units. The seven mile zone was completed at a Cost to the marines of about 200 dead and 1,000 wounded in mortar and Artiller barrages and Security sweeps. And the seven Miles Between Gio Linh and con Thien is by far the easiest step along the order. There the terrain is a series of rolling Shrub covered Hills. Less than a mile West of Conthier however the Foothills of the Mountain Range Edge up tothe coastal Plains and grow quickly to towering peaks formidable obstacles to both infiltrating North vietnamese and the construction of any electronic Wall. The marines used betwee none and two battalions to pro vide Security during the Clear ing of the first seven Miles of the Wall. An even larger Secu Rity Force probably would be needed if the Wall is extended into the mountains where the North vietnamese could choose about any Hilltop they wanted As a blocking or ambush Point. To avoid the mountains the Barrier could be Cut South through the Camlo and Quang Tri River valleys but that would be giving the enemy More than300 Square Miles of South Viet North Vietnam South China so demilitarized zone possible anti infiltration Barrier Laos South Vietnam attic explorers May tilt path dirt by Frank Washington a if you have ancestors who were Arctic or Antarctic explorers. Search your attic for possibly Over looked memoirs which could binational treasures a govern ment archivist urges. Or. Herman r. Friis of the government s National archives made the plea Friday in de scribing objectives and fun Lions of a new special Center for Polar archives. Addressing a conference on american Polar expeditions held in connection with the opening of the Center Friis said the government As Well As various private societies and institutions already have Rich collections of official documents and personal letters and other papers bearing on adventures in the Arctic and Antarctic som dating Back about 140 years. Carey but he said How Many papers of various expeditions Are in attics in trunks or perhaps Are framed in someone s living room or Den we do not  their number must be be  identification and preservation should be a matter of primary concern to All of us. Where Are they the National archives exhibited some of the treasure trove it already has accumulated from Polar  is a sketch of an ant Arctic Trail dog drawn on the Trail by Paul Siple an Eagle boy scout who accompanied dry. Richard e. Byrd during his first expedition to Antarctica in 1928-1930. Siple is now a government  rare exhibit is a sketch of a Canvas Slipper use for a Snowshoe by members of the 1909 North Polar expedition of adm. Robert e. Peary. Such an ingenious makeshift National archives officials say was one reason Why Peary enjoyed eventual Success where others had failed in efforts to conquer the pole. Narcse territory plus control of dominant High ground. If a Barrier could be completed and properly manned along the 40 Miles Between North an South Vietnam it undoubtedly would stifle any major infiltration. Radar and electronic de vices plus barbed wire landmines could detect and stall enemy units until defense forces could be deployed to meet them. It is questionable however i North Vietnam has been Able to develop any High rate of infiltration through the Doz. North Vietnam attempted to slip its 32nd division across the Doz into South Vietnam injury 1966, but it was caught and driven Back by . Marines during operation Hast Ings. As fighting continued the marines shifted their entire 3rd division North establishing Strong Points near Khe Sanh Camlo Dong a con Thienan Gio Linh. Hundreds of Leatherneck patrols filter through the mountains and valleys Day and night to report on any infiltration. Although no breakdown was available Here on the estimated number of North vietnamese infiltrators using the various routes the to Chi Minh Trail instill considered to be the num Ber one Highway for North Viet namese soldiers going South. Mcnamara told his washing ton news conference the elec tronic detection system would be installed late this year or Early next year. South Vietnam s presi Dent elect Nguyen Van Thieu stressed in an interview just after Mcnamara s announce ment that the Barrier would be Only in South vietnamese territory not across the Border of  i Don t believe that the lao Tian government will allow it unless they change their poli cies Thieu said. We already have a Barrie Between Gio Linh and con Thien and now we would like to extend it to the West to make it  a Barrier could be run along the Laos Border inside South Vietnam but it would increase the distance and thus the Cost. Also it would not sever the Hochi Minh Trail As one in Laos would. Defense department since Testate contains some of the larg est army Navy Marine Cor Sand air Force installations in the country and plays a major role in supporting . Actions in Vietnam. About 100,000 servicemen live near the 14 army 45 Navy and Marine Cor Sand 12 air Force bases in the state. Mcnamara said equal housing opportunities Are de Nied at 32 per cent of the 14,-000 facilities surveyed in Cali fornia. Army Brig. Gen. William , who directed the successful Effort Here has Bee put in charge of the California Campaign. Mcnamara said that while the problem varies in intensity from one base to another it Fol lows a consistent pattern which he summarized this Way it is primarily a problem for enlisted men but negroes suffer most acutely. Twice a Many negroes As Whites for example live 20 Miles or More from their base. In most of the communities surveyed half of the negroes were dissatisfied wit their housing mainly because of discrimination. Negro families said trouble in finding decent hous ing was having an Adverse effect on family life on Job performance and on attitudes to Ward a military career. The Survey showed that 25,-180 facilities of All types near bases or 67 per cent had open housing policies. This was broken Down As follows 21,014apartments, or 67 per cent open 946 housing develop ments or 75 per cent open and 2,859 Mobile courts or 66 percent open. Here is a summary of the Survey results in the 46 states containing major military bases showing the percentage of housing units open to negroes. The units include All suitable multiple rental or Leas housing within Normal com muting distance of installations. The summary does not include the Washington . Pet. Pet state open state open Alabama 48 Montana g Arizona 01 Nebraska 70 Arkansas 72 Nevada 86 California 68 new Hampshire 100 Colorado 90 new Jersey 97 Connecticut 100 new Mexico 03 Delaware 61 new York Tel Florida 52 North Carolina 62 Georgia 35 North Dakota w Idaho 93 Ohio 77 Illinois 61 Oklahoma As Indiana 76 Oregon 100 Iowa 74 Pennsylvania 89 Kansas 68 Rhode Island at Kentucky 77 South Carolina 40 Louisiana 34 South Dakota 100 Maine 89 Tennessee 64 Maryland 44 Texas 72 Massachusetts 93 Utah 80 Michigan 72 Virginia 38 Minnesota 06 Washington 70 Mississippi 49 Wisconsin 100 Missouri 77 Wyoming 81 the St european edition col. James w. Campbell Usa editor in Chat of it. Col. F. S. Michael jr., Usan Deputy editor in chief Arnold Burnett � ,. Managing editor Elmer d. Frank production manager Henry 8. Epstein circulation manager an unofficial newspaper of and Yor the . Armed Force printed Dally at Darmstadt Germany under the auspices of the office