European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - August 20, 1985, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 16 the stars and stripes August 1985 breakfast debate by Marian Burros new York times generations of americans have been brought up to believe that a Good breakfast is one of lifes stoking up the body at the outset of the we have All been and told is As necessary As putting gasoline in the car before starting a but for Many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is so despite All the cajoling they still skip Between 1977 and the latest year for which figures Are the number of people who skipped breakfast increased by 33 percent from million to million according to the Chicago based Market research corporation of for those who feel twinges of guilt about not eating there is some Good several studies in the last few years indicate for adults there May be nothing wrong with skipping going without breakfast does not affect said Arnold former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in nor does giving people breakfast improve scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly and most of the recent work involves not the says one Ernesto Pollitt at the University of is the basis for most arguments in favor of especially for Young is research done Over 30 years ago at the University of called the Iowa breakfast it purported to show that both mental and physical performance were improved by eating yet by today the Iowa studies which were sponsored by a Grant from the Cereal Institute seem Only 50 people were and none of them were Small children the age Range was Between 12 and Over  periods groups of 8 to 10 subjects ate either heavy Cereal and milk and Coffee or Light milk and Coffee breakfast or no breakfast at then they the studies showed that the omission of breakfast caused a decrease in work an increase in reaction time and in on a larger Bender sought to repeat the Iowa research in his work with 500 children Between the Ages of 8 and breakfast and performance in published in the prestigious British journal of showed just the one of his studies of children Between the Ages of 8 and 16 compared the performance of those stomach distress common at any age by Jane Brody new York times the stomach is subject to a laundry list of it can ache and even double us Over with stabbing few of us give our stomachs a second thought until and unless they As they almost inevitably and when we experience any form of abdominal we tend to blame the stomach for even though the symptoms might be caused by disorders of the appendix or actual stomach aches Are extremely common in people of All Ages about As common As the misconceptions about their causes and treatment some people Arent even sure where the stomach is and what it contrary to popular the stomach does not lie at or below the it is located on the left Side of the Abdomen Between the end of the breast Bone and the Waist it is a shaped Pouch that resembles a fetus in the upper end is connected to the which transports chewed food and drink the lower end empties into the Small intestine the duodenal at both there Are or rings of that open and shut the passageways at appropriate times to allow food to pass Down the digestive tract most of the to keep it from coming Back the stomach is primarily a storage Organ with a who habitually ate breakfast with those who habitually did not eat a second study investigated the effects of omitting breakfast on those accustomed to eating there was no statistical difference Between the two said you  find that breakfast had any but you cannot say it had no effect because no one is Ever working to the limit of their mental benders views Are not shared by All nutritionists or when children eat breakfast they perform better in problem solving situations where attention is a critical said who has conducted his own on children aged 9 to at Baylor University and at the Massachusetts of skipping breakfast has an Adverse effect on a Childs lat morning problem solving Pollitt said he has he his findings cannot be extrapolated for some researchers believe there could be a not yet clearly Between performance and the blood sugar which Are determined by food after a 12hour overnight fast there is a greater drop in childrens blood sugar Levels than in said Bambi Batts director of the environment and behaviour program at the Washington based Center for science in the Public a consumer there Are some Subtle effects on childrens mental abilities late in the morning if they Haven eaten but it is not Clear that this applies to people Over h Young maintain More stable blood sugar Levels overnight because of it is thought that skipping breakfast affects them breakfast can find More fuel for their research at the University of California at los Angeles has linked breakfast eating with and at the University of subjects who consumed calories a Day at breakfast lost weight while the same meal in the evening human digestive system Teeth crush and grind Tongue mixes food As it pushes it into the stomach chums food into sem liquid mass and then forces it into Small where with use of enzymes most of digestion lev of gets digested food from Small intestine and manufactures bile for Gall which releases bile to break fats into minute h similar to Small secretes enzymes to digest fats and e3 undigested material passes into where remaining water is absorbed by the h solid wastes collect in rectum and Are expelled through the Chicago to Bune graphic source hand Mcnary Atlas of he body minor digestive role that prepares food for the major digestive action of the Small the Only foods absorbed directly through the stomach Are certain simple sugars and under Normal food stays in the stomach three to five the stomach Pouch can hold about a quart of food at a passing it along n Small doses when the intestine is ready to receive every three seconds after the stomach squirts about a Teaspoon of food into the Small before food leaves the it