European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - February 01, 1991, Darmstadt, Hesse                                A. A. V a a Post apocalypse Iran continued irom Pago 13. A. Yvo what they wish to see changed both publicly and privately suggests a level of stability and implicit acceptance of the existing government. And a compliance with the islamic Laws that govern the a a a country guarantees a measure of Security. ,. A but for the Many who Buck such restrictions life can a Drill Spir out of control with Little warning. That s what happened to Parve. A Mother of two who was see of tical. Of the revolution bul also of the horror stories a it surrounding it. A a 7 7 a. A a. Recently she says., her son was arrested jailed for. More than a week. Fined 20,000 Tomans a government. Worker makes about 5,000 Tomans a month and. A whipped. Government agents raiding his House had a. Caught trim drinking Home made wine with Western a a visitors and two Young women who were not wearing Brab islamic head covering. A  sire believes the raid was political an attempt to a a discredit a local official associated with her son. Quot i d heard stones before this Quot she says. Quot but i a always Hought those people must have Don something now i know that s not so in this country. There is no Security Quot a a a a. A in the streets of Mashad there is no hint of insecurity or fear no sign of the violence and upheaval a of the past decade Mashad which sits in the arid p a a Plains of northeastern Iran was virtually untouched by War because of its distance from the iraqi Border and its status As a holy City 7 Quot its name Means Quot placed martyrdom Quot and the a usual population of about 2 million swells to As Many. As 6 million in the summer when the devout journey a there to visit the burial place of one of the Propheta. Mohammed s descendants the eighth of 12 imams. Quot revered by shuto muslims. The Imam Reza. A Quot. A a a i bigger thar Washington d c. Mashad has the flavor of a Small town. The Trees Are Dusty from the _ wind that drifts in from the vast and Dusty Plain called Kavir Elut on most Walls scrawled or carefully 7. Painted messages advertise plumbers and taxis and increasingly burglar alarms. Addresses Are imprecise. If landmarks such a next to the Kebab on the 7 a Corners Don t work asking the neighbors often does. On the main streets shoppers browse through mini malls and news stands always attract a huddle of. 1 people in spice and nut shops the Bounty of Iran is on display there Are big tubs full 0 pumpkin and a 7 a Watermelon seeds almonds Pistachios hazelnuts died sour cherries and apricots Green  a Glass jars glow with the Rich reds and oranges of 7. Quot turmeric sunk and Saffron. A ,. In the narrow Back streets in the older j it Art of town near the Golden dome of the shrine Quot ragged Little boys a. May to seen  few sheep. An old Man with a Quot Quot a Loose White turban that Marks the Rural iranian is hunched in the dirt Selling sponge son fridays families ride out into the Countryside to feast on Shi Shnks skewers of grilled Lamb served a with piles of bread slabs of butter steaming Rice and while Iran is in a period of slow transition the legacy of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini a revolutionary decade persists Here Khomeini s Tomb under floodlights. V Cool Yogurt. Roadside cafes offer wooden Beds a perched by a shaded Stream for a refreshing doze and a Glass of steaming Tea in Mashad it is possible to forget for hours at a time the difficult realities of life in the islamic Republic but they Are inescapable. A a Young Man applying for a Job in state radio and television is tested on his fluency in Reading the Koran his familiarity with islamic teachings and his. Revolutionary credentials which include questions on whether he or any member of his family fought in the Iran Iraq War. A a 7 a. A. A a taxicab Driver complains Thal his relative a. A it Young Man can to get hired at the same taxi Agency because he is single Quot they said it would t be proper Quot theman says. A -. A a.  ./�. _ a an 18-year-old wins admission into a state a a a University but is denied permission to attend classes a because of his father s leftist leanings. A three iranians Are returning Home from a partying a Tehran suburb when youths in army fatigues one armed with . Wave their car to a halt. Basic or Volunteer militia Shine a flashlight inside fora Homent then step Back. It is not Clear what they Are looking for. A a a High Schoy senior comes Home from school in tears. She has unwittingly disclosed the misdeed of a a a classmate who was then expelled. The girl s crime. Singing. A. Y.7 .7 a the newspaper reports that three  -. A received 30 lashes each for break dancing at the local Park where the Koni items who police moral behaviour. Keep watch each weekend Over the throngs of walkers to make sure men and women do not mingle. A a supporters of the islamic Republic Point out that. Occurrences like whippings Are in accordance with the country a islamic identity. Quot it is the Law that the majority of the nation voted for Quot says a University professor referring to the t979 referendum on establishing an. Islamic Republic reportedly approved by 90 percent of Quot iranians who voted to �?o1-�? _ a but he acknowledge sin the cultural conditions of our society it does hot yet have  a still since Raf Sanjam took Over last summer the. Direction seems to be toward liberalization. The signs. Are there in movies that increasingly depict Western scenes and in Brida dresses on mannequins in shop windows just a few years ago Only photographs of. Dresses were allowed. A  shifts Mark the Pace of change in Iran. A a a a Rise by David Crary Quot associated press -. I raq s rebellious kurd blood enemies of Saddam Hussein for years and targets of his Poison  Waras. A vindication of their struggle and a cause for Hope. 1 -7y 7 it. More so perhaps than any other anti Saddam group the kurd can say Quot we told you . They were decrying Saddam a brutality and 7 a repression at a time when Many of his current. Western and Arab foes were bolstering him with. Weapons and financial Aid. A 7. A. Quot we regret that in the past nobody listened to our appeals Quot said Hishyar Zebari London. Based representative of the Kurdistan democratic party Quot 7- 7 a a v Quot now he a shown his True colors . He s become an International a a  a .1 a a by. 7. An estimated.3.5 million of Iraq s 17 million a. People , part of a Quot nation Quot of 20 million spread in an arc known As Kurdistan Quot that extends across Southeast Turkey Northern Iraq and Northwest Iran y 7. A a y a 7 repeated attempts by kurd to establish autonomy in different parts of Kurdistan a peacefully or through rebellion have been. Suppressed. Perhaps the harshest of the Many it repressive campaigns was the one waged by i Saddam in 1987 after kurdish guerrillas asserted control Over a Large Section of Northern Iraq durig the Iran Iraq War. A _ a _ hundreds of thousands of kurd were forcibly removed from , More than 3,000 kurdish villages were razed and an estimated 4,000.kurds.in the town of Halaja were killed in. March 1988 by iraqi  a now the tables have turned and exiled a Quot kurdish resistance groups Are tapping their. A 7 internal contacts to report details of damage y inflicted by Allied air raids. A Jalal Talaban a kurdish Leader based  Syria said that More than 3.000 guerrillas were sent Back to Iraq on the eve of the War and. Are poised to go into action against a Saddam. A a g.-, g if Chewar leads to Saddam s demise the kurd say the time would be right to assert their claims Tor officially recognized rights and  Rule in the far North of Iraq were the. -. A country s major Oil Fields Are located \. -. A g Quot a Quot our objective has been All along a y a ,. Democratic government in Iraq under which we a will enjoy Freedom and regional autonomy a  7 Independence Quot Zebari said in a Telephone interview Quot we re not for dismembering . A. Even if Saddam somehow retained Power the a kurd believe  will be improved a a. A a hell be Yeak Defeated Militancy and in. A a a need of popular support from within Quot Talaban said. Quot he d need to have dialogue   y a Quot Quot no matter what the consequences Are. Well a a emerge with a Good crop of apples Quot Talaban. Added Quot it would be the first break in the kurd so Quot modern  7 a. A. Quot / 7 Talaban is general Secretary of the patriotic _ Union of Kurdistan formerly a rival of the Kurdistan democratic party. Now they and. Smaller  Are cooperating As part of abroad coalition that includes other iraqi opposition groups y. -.  believes that political  s kurd Cluid Tetove a both to the estimated 10 million turds in Turkey. Quot a. Turkey traditionally has been vehement in opposing kurdish separatism. President Turgut Oza has said one of the reasons for turkeys a involvement in the anti Iraq coalition in the Gulf. War was to prevent a possible kurdish state in Northern Iraq and he suggested turkish troops might be sent in to curtail any such initiative. Y Quot but Zebari predicted that turkeys desire to join the european Community will serve the a a kurd so interests. -. A a a. -. Quot the dec has said this is one. Of the a a a a preconditions a that unless Turkey puts its a a House in order on human rights and the kurdish Issue it can t join Quot Zebari said. V oat seems to be looking ahead. His. Government Friday announced plans to lift a ban on using the a a or Cuish language in Public Catling it Quot an unrealistic restriction. Quot y a. Eventually Zebari said kurdish Leader s would like to see their people s status put on the Agenda of a Broad Middle East peace a conference which would also discuss the a Rab. Israeli conflict. A 7 l the kurd have Felt aggrieved since the end of world War i. They contend . A promised their own state after the. Breakup of the ottoman Empire Only to be betrayed by treaties. Drafted without their consent. A. The most famous kurdish Leader of All time. Quot a s Saladin who led islamic forces against the crusaders and captured Jerusalem in the 12th Century. Ironically Saladin is often cited As a role Model by Saddam. A. 1 a a a ,.apftl�1988 kurdish guerrillas Here a group travelling by tractor gained control Over a targe Section of Northern Iraq before  brutally suppressed in 1988. Commentary Tawfic Sofer a retired cloth merchant and caretaker of one of Only two synagogues remaining in Iraq stands before holy torah scrolls in the main Baghdad synagogue. Page 14 a a a the stars and stripes by Mark r. Horowitz for United press International As the War rages Between a u  coalition and Iraq Over Saddam Hussein s invasion of Kuwait there is a deeper War taking place that historically has suffered Many casualties. That War is ideological Between Arab and jew. Saddam Hopes to broaden the scope of the War by drawing Israel. Into the conflict thereby forcing the hand of his Quot Arab a  after All Saddam May reason is not he Central problem in the Middle East the age old  or. Moslem jewish situation. 7 / 7. A today there Are Only two synagogues left in Iraq Quot. Compared to 65 in 1932, when Iraq gamed political Independence from  Saddam besides missing Many Points about the real world and How it reacts to dictators in Oil Laden countries _ also needs a history lesson so do his neighbors and perhaps the Western world As Well for Many centuries a a. Ago moslem and jew got along and got along very Well.  eed logo Back to the Conquest of Spain in a d. A 711 by the moors of Northern Africa who until 756 were a the moslem rulers of the area and representatives of the a moslem Power base in Damascus. But in 756, the rulers in spam under the umayyad dynasty broke away from a Damascus setting up their Center of influence in the old roman capital  Cordoba in Southern Spain a a what the umayyad rulers  a mixed population of modems  christians from Many parts of the Mediterranean. And it was particularly to the jews that. These enlightened a plans turned Tor learning guidance and the administration of the country. A the moslem culture flowered under his arrangement of tolerance and openness. A a there were scientific advances in the use of water. Power and agriculture sugar Cane and Nee were a. Introduced and literature and Art reached new Heights. Laws were humane taxation was reasonable and a business flourished in no Small Way from the management of Trade and Commerce by jewish merchants advisers a for Saddam Bankers and go Vermont officials a  �?�1. A. T. A a a the caliphs , who ran the show ,. Recognized the import Deco of this working relationship. One Caliph left both the administration of the government and the setting of nation of policy to Tus jewish prime. Minister Basdai Ibn Shaprut when Sharruf died both a jews and moslem honoured his name and m 1027,. A _ Shmuyl Halevi Ibn a Agudela was made vizier of Granada. The Only jew to hold such an. Office in a moslem state by a by the close of the 11th Century warring factions broke out among the ,.with arabs syrians and berbers under Hing the. Authority of the caliphs the umayyad. Dynasty was replaced by two dozen rival stares and Over a the next 500 years christians slowly conquered Spain Quot state by state y j 7 a Zytt ?. V -�?-y�?.yy. It was also the downfall of peaceful coexistence among cultures and groups the year 1492 was not Only memorable Lor the discovery of America it also was the year when the last major moslem Spanish kingdom. Quot Granada was Defeated by Spanish catholics and the year the Spanish inquisition against jews and other non christians was instituted. Jews were expelled from Spain by. Nonetheless the experience in spam showed the Western world that two historically linked cultures and. Religions moslem and jew a could cooperate to their a a 7 Mutual Benefit and their similarities wore More noted than a their differences. One historian has written Quot the jews. Adopted the dress language and customs of the arabs. A. Garbed thai selves in turbans and silk Robes Rode in carriages and were hardly distinguishable from their Quot semitic cousins Quot a a the moslem of Egypt Syria Jordan and saudi Arabia Ray not like to consider the israelis their cousins but. A history contradicts the belief that the two Peoples Are destined to Lemma enemies As age old merchants and traders  groups should realize that peace is the b most important business of All and that when it comes to a the Middle East it is the Only Bottom line. The alternative can be seen in the u s iraqi War. Quot Mark h. Horowitz is the author of Quot stonehenge la Star wars Oit covering Tho Pra enl by exploring the  Friday february 1,1991 the stars and stripes Page 15