European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - January 19, 1994, Darmstadt, Hesse                                29 Dan detox ribonucleic acid is a Long molecule that contains coded genetic material. Each human cell contains about five feet of coiled Dan strands. / Dan Helix 18&Quot Vydel for Berg. An a Weir he of aps amps Kai f b. Mullis Heads for the surf after being told he hat won part of the 1993 Nobel prize for chemistry. To id have appreciated More. Thomas introducing a Boc c commemorating their work wrote ror better or worse our lives and those of our Chi Iren s children Are seen As hostages to this relatively be Way the scientific Way of looking at and into nature a in it Hod of thinking and working that had its beginnings on a few centuries ago and now dominates All human Cor  Swald Avery a scholarly Man of barely 100 pounds Hea i of the Laboratory and Colin Munro Macleod a tall a with a Strong sense of perseverance Are both dead. Surviving is Maclyn Mccarty who dedicated a Book on the transforming principle to Avery Quot who was not inclined to write such a Book Quot and Macleod Quot who ran out of time before he could do  even More remarkable was the incredibly primitive equipment Mccarty and the team worked with. At one Point Mccarty says they needed a Centrifuge and fashioned one from a milk separator borrowed from a Dairy. Trouble was it filled the Laboratory air with the pneumonia bacteria they were working with and a containment vessel had to be built around it. No one Ever got pneumonia Mccarty says although one technician carried dormant bacteria in his Throat cultures. Avery himself Mccarty remembers recovering from surgery for hyperthyroidism developed a fever and confided to the intern Quot would t it be the irony of Fate if that Little Bug got me in the  Lederberg says the very nature of their discovery preset the Agenda for future research Quot in a Way we be just never seen  today an incredible number of scientists Are compiling Dan s dictionary of life mapping the entire human genome All of the information that predicates what we in All our racial configurations will become and indeed How we can manipulate that information to extend or even better our lives. People talk about the human genome project and the sequencing of it from end to end As the holy grail Lederberg says but he adds Quot i think we have to go in much greater depth in sequencing one Gene at a time mapping its personal details. That s really the message. There Are 100,000 genes give or take a Factor of two. We know about a thousand of them today. There s a Century of work just completing that exploration and it s got to be done and it s easy to do. There s no mystery of what needs to be done next. At least we be identified the mystery. Quot now that could be overturned. There could be findings that we have no Glimmer of beyond that Quot but betting his track record he does t think so. Quot right now this looms so Large and our landscape is just so dominated by the completion of this exploration that it s very hard to look beyond . Genetic map Points the Way by John Schwartz the Washington Post agriculture Secretary Mike Espy announced last week. That us a scientists have developed substantially. Complete genetic Quot Road maps Quot for cattle and pigs. The genome maps a which Are currently about 85 percent finished a show the location of markers for such traits As leanness Poat tenderness and resistance to disease. Within a few years us a scientists predict Farmers and ranchers will be Able to use diagnostic tools based on the Gene maps to take a Good Deal of the Guesswork out of animal Breeding. Better bred animals could produce More offspring and better meat while requiring fewer antibiotics us a officials said. Espy called the new maps a Quot landmark Quot in technology and Quot an invaluable tool Quot at a news conference at us a Headquarters. For example . Plowman us a assistant Secretary for science and education explained that it takes Dairy Farmers five years to determine whether a Bull is Likely to sire Good milk producers including the time it takes to Breed the animal and to measure the milk output of its progeny. By testing for the presence of genes that cause High milk production Plowman said owners could identify the Best bulls and begin Breeding them right away. Such maps could eventually be used in the More controversial Field of genetic engineering a actually transplanting genes from one animal to another. Us a officials said such practices Are unlikely for years to come. Quot we Don t see this moving around genes As being economically feasible in any near time Frame Quot said Dan b. Laster director of the . Meat animal research Center. The project which has Cost More than $6 million since its inception in 1991, is a Triumph of federally funded Basic research sen. Bob Kerrey d-neb., told the news conference via satellite from Nebraska. Kerrey s state is Home to the Agency that produced the maps the animal research service s roman h. Hruska meat animal research Center in tiny Clay Center Quot it s not even on the interstate Quot Kerrey said Quot but it s on the internet  on the farm proposed medical uses Tor animal Gene splicing. Cowrt a secrete proteins normally found Only in human Moth Era milk and use them in infant formula Gen pharm International uni a produce antibodies against human illnesses like rheumatoid arthritis Gen pharm a cultivate human illnesses like cancer alzheimer s disease and aids for use in drug research Harvard Gen pharm and others goats a produce human proteins in Goat milk for a variety of uses including the treatment of heart disease enzyme and others pcs a a Supply kidneys hearts and livers Lor human transplant patients Dix corporation a produce human haemoglobin or blood substitutes Dix iday january 19, 1994