European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - September 08, 1977, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Doil Magazine human rights sting by David Minthorn associated press Adio free Europe and radio Liberty have Long been thorns in the Side of communist Lead ers in Moscow and other soviet bloc capitals. The sting appears sharper now with the East West dispute Over human rights. The two stations housed in a rambling two Story build ing framed by Trees in a downtown Munich Park report the human rights Issue comprehensively. The . Government financed stations beam pro Grams that include 10-minute newscasts in 22 languages every hour All Day supplementing government con trolled information from the East with uncensored news from the West. It s the Only source for full information about what happens in Poland a Warsaw dissident who requested anonymity told a Western reporter recently. This roundabout Way is necessary because there is no pres Freedom in our  much of the news this year has been about president Carter s support for East bloc dissidents and their petitions to communist leaders to live up to human rights sections of the Helsinki Accord of 1975. Signed by the soviet Union the United states and 33 other countries the Accord recognizes Post world War ii european Borders and pledges the signers not to inter Fere with the internal affairs of other countries. But the East bloc dissidents and the stations have focused on the free movement of people and ideas. To me it is a fairly simple Issue says Frank Starr director of radio Liberty s russian language service. He says he does t believe Moscow has grounds for claiming that the broadcasts Are intruding on soviet Domestic affairs. Radio Moscow broadcasts in English to the United states Over a Large part of the Day and a lot of other languages besides. So i Don t see Why we should t broadcast to them in  radio free Europe limits its broadcasts to Eastern Europe and claims a daily audience of 16 million i Poland Czechoslovakia Bulgaria Romania and Hun Gary. Radio Liberty Aims its programs at the soviet Union where it claims four million listeners a Day. The stations were set up in 1949 with secret financing by the . Central intelligence Agency to encourage Dis sent behind the Iron curtain. Broadcasts tended to be emotional and belligerent during the cold War of the 1950s, but station officials say the aim is now to provide objective balanced  the stations have been strengthened recently by an influx of new staff members including emigres from the soviet bloc. We now have a pretty Good mixture of people who have lived in the West for 20 or 30 years and some who have just arrived Starr says. We have some broadcasters who worked for radio Moscow. And one of our Best speakers Julian Panich was an actor on soviet television and  but the new staffers have stirred up the stations own mini dispute Over human rights or at least about How to cover the Issue. Every time Carter says something on human rights every time it comes up in relation to the Belgrade Confer ence very much of the Samizdat self published russian dissident writings we broadcast it Starr says. Sometimes i think we overdo  Starr joined the stations last May. But Zygmunt Michalowski acting director of re s polish broadcasts believes the stations should stress human rights even More. We have an overwhelming body of evidence that news reports about human rights get things done Michalow ski says. He is a polish emigre who has been with re since 1954. Even Nobel laureate Andrei Sakharov said he owed his life to Western news reports about his struggle for human rights in the soviet Union Michalowski adds. Plenty of soviet citizens Aren t engaged in the human rights struggle says Starr a former Moscow correspondent of the Chicago Tribune. My concern is that we Don t appear to be the voice of the dissidents to these Ordinary russian  to associated press re porters who travelled in communist Eastern Europe recently had a Hance to gauge some re action there to the Western broadcasts. They found that ideology apart some Eastern european leaders found the tone of the stations irritating and some Western diplomats said several older announcers for the stations sounded condescending. What i Don t like about radio free Europe is that they pretend to be the voice of Poland a polish official said. But changes Are being noticed by some listeners. A 38-year-old doctor in Bucharest said he stopped listening to the romanian broadcast several years ago be cause he considered it propaganda. But he said he tuned in after a severe earthquake hit Romania last March and was pleased to hear the Way the station had revamped its programming. Re s romanian division stayed on the air around the clock carrying news of damage and Rescue operations. It also acted As a Clearing House for telephoned messages Between romanians and their relatives in Western coun tries. Nearly 1,000 men and women Many of the highly educated refugees from Eastern Europe work in Munich s bushed Complex of studios libraries and news desks to produce the programs of music interviews and banned Book readings. Thursday september 8,1977 t after Cia links were exposed in 1971, Congress began paying for the stations directly with a budget this year of $52.7 million. . Officials said the Cia ties have been Cut but Moscow still hammers on that theme. They continue to enjoy the management of both staff members of the Cia former agents of the Gestapo i nazi secret police and Hitler s intelligence service and All kinds of renegades who have sold their Homeland Tass the official soviet news Agency said. The Tass attack came after Carter s request last april that Congress budget $22 million to boost transmitters for re re and the voice of America the . Govern ment s official radio abroad. The Carter proposal is to continue a program begun in 1975 to overpower jamming or interference broadcast by the communists. Already 12 Short wave transmitters in West Germany each have been increased 10-fold to 100 kilowatts. The stations which have a $1.5 million electric Bill annually and 45 transmitters in Spain Portugal and West Germany would like to raise 11 More transmitters to 250kilowatts. Re says Romania and Hungary Are the Only coun tries that do not Jam its signal. Jamming in Poland is erratic and May come from the soviet Union re official say. But in the soviet Union Czechoslovakia and Bulgaria loud rapidly alternating tones drown out any program that might be received in larger cities and listeners in the country Are More circumspect than in Poland. Even polish officials say openly that they listen from time to time. The soviet bloc refuses to give visas to re re reporters so the stations rely on Western wire serv ices and reports taken from East and West euro Pean newspapers and broadcasters for their newscasts. The Central news room daily receives about one Mil lion words and chooses about one tenth for Transfer to each of the 22 separate language desks which in turn select and translate items of particular interest to their listeners. Some listeners Telephone or write people in the West who relay the information to the stations. This material is excluded from the newscasts but might be put into commentaries. News travelling the round about Way by wire service to Munich and Back to the soviet bloc country where it originated can move quickly. Last year professor Stanislaw Stomma one of Poland s 460 delegates in the Sejm parliament defied the government line and abstained from a vote on two constitutional amendments to perpetuate Poland s Alliance with the soviet Union. About an hour later i came Home and the Telephone was ringing Stomma told a Western reporter in an interview in his Warsaw apartment. It was friends congratulating me for my  his callers told him they had heard about it on re. The stars and stripes Page 13