European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - October 12, 1985, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Saturday october 12, 1985 the stars and stripes nge 17the trauma of Argentina s missing children associated press Ine year old Maria Eugenia Gatica climbed nto the arms of a Mother she did t recognize and listened to a Lullaby she had t heard since she was one she smiled brightly a Sharp contrast to her wails of anguish just hours earlier when she was separated irom the couple she thought Lor years or e her real parents abducted and torn away from her natural Mother and lather during a wave of military led repression in the 1970s. Maria Eugenia was ordered returned to the family that has hunted Lor her Ever since the emotional reunion which took place recently in the Chambers of a Buenos Aires judge was the latest in a series that have occurred since Argentina returned to democracy and that have posed a tangled array of Legal moral and psychological questions. The cases have spawned several lawsuits and a highly acclaimed movie. La Hiloria Ohlidal the official Story. In which a naive schoolteacher slowly comes to the realization that her adopted daughter is the child of a couple killed in the repression. At least 182 children figure among the 9.000 documented people who were kidnapped and disappeared during the Campaign to wipe out leftist subversion in the late 1970s, when the country was under rightist military Rule. Maria Isabel de Mariani. President of the grandmothers of the May Square estimates another 400 cases of missing children have not been documented because no witnesses survived or because they were borne by women in Captivity. Made up of grandmothers of the disappeared children. De Mariani s group has led the Effort to locate and return them to their real relatives. So far it has tracked Down 35, she said four were found dead killed with their parents and buried in unmarked Graves. Another 13 have been returned to the custody of blood relatives. Judges have yet to Rule in the other 18 cases some of which have been pending for years. Our greatest problem is the inaction of judges in Many cases de Mariani said in an interview. Too often Justice is very  Maria Eugenia and a brother. Felipe were abducted along with their Mother Ana Maria Gatica by Security forces Early in 1977. Zatica was freed after four months in detention and torture centers. She and her husband. Oscar knew nothing of the Fate of their children but fled to Brazil fearing another arrest would result in death. From exile they worked through local human rights groups to try to locate their children. They returns to Argentina alter an elected government took Power in december 1983. Felipe a found in the custody of adoptive parents unaware of How he was separated from his real family. The adoptive parents quickly agreed to give up custody. Felipe still maintains a close relationship with the woman who was his adoptive Mother Oscar Gatica told reporters. Maria Eugenia was discovered living with a Federal policeman and his wife. They resisted Legal efforts to restore her to her parents and went into hiding briefly when it appeared the court would Rule against them. Finally the policeman surrendered and Maria Eugenia after a tearful parting with her adoptive parents was introduced to her True Mother and father. She did t recognize them. How could she said de Mariani who witnessed the encounter. There were a lot of people in the room and she looked around trying to figure out who were her parents she picked the youngest couple and walked into her Mother s embrace de Mariani described. The Mother Sang a Lullaby she used to sing when the girl was a baby. The girl gave a big smile. Several children abducted during the repression have been found in the care of police or military officials. While no direct connection has Ever been proved the suspicion olten lingers that the official a. Involved in the Kidnap torture and in Many cases death of the parents. In cases where adoptive parents were possibly involved in the arrest of the parents the Ortu e and killing of the parents All links with the child must be Many of Argentinia t families lost their children during a wave of military led repression in the i970t.  said psychologist Arturo Galimanis. Who works with the grandmothers group. Gaii Manes said several of the children exhibit psychological problems especially a notable defensiveness and insecurity. They Are More infantile he said. Having been Stolon from their Homes they see every stranger As someone who could steal them  the worst trauma occurs in children whose parents remain among the  Galimanis said. In such cases they live with the same painful uncertainty As grandmothers cousins and other relatives. They will never know for certain what happened to their parents whether they Are still alive somewhere or Dedd he said. Even if they wanted to believe their parents Are dead where Are the bodies the proof no judge has yet ruled that the adoptive parents should retain custody of a child. However in the cases of Lour children the grandmothers after winning Legal custody decided to let the youngsters remain with the Foster parents because they had adopted the children in Good Faith and know nothing of How the parents had disappeared. Federal Penitentiary in Marion Iii. The toughest prison in America by Samuel o. Hancock United press International it is called the new Alcatraz the House  and the end of the  by any name Ormeasure the Federal Penitentiary at Marion Iii., Isth toughest prison in the american  is the Only correctional institution of the 45 in the Federal system with a Security classification of level 6. That Means it gets what prison officials say Are the most unmanageable inmates in the entire Federal system. Marion has also become the focus of National attention by prisoners rights groups the courts and Congress. In his soft Georgia drawl Warden Jerry Williford explains that complaints by prisoners got him into the corrections Field As a Case worker at Atlanta alter he graduated from Georgia state. Now some two decades later. Williford is hearing plenty of prisoner complaints. Williford. 42, who had served As executive assistant to the Marion Warden in 1977. Came Back As Warden april 17. 1984. And into a hotbed of controversy stemming from a lock Down imposed at the prison oct. 27. 1933. After two guards and an inmate were stabbed to death within five Days. . Magistrate Kenneth j. Meyers who held hearings on a request by inmates for a preliminary injunction against the lock Down said in a report aug. 2 the lock Down was necessary. His report and recommendations Are subject to review and a final decision by . District judge James l. Foreman chief judge of the Southern District of Illinois. Foreman has not indicated when he will give his decision. The Federal Bureau of prisons says the maximum Security Side of Marion houses some 340 of the most disruptive assaultive and escape prone inmates of the 34,000 in Federal prisons. About one third of the prior Ier at Marion were convicted of crimes in states and Are boarded under contract with the Federal government. Marion s k unit sometimes called the director s unit because Bureau of prisons director Norman Carlson says who goes in and who comes out. Has a handful of High profile inmates. They include White supremacist Joseph Franklin former Cia agent Edwin Wilson Jack Abbott whose letters author Norman Mailer turned into the prison Lite Book in the belly of the beast. Spy Christopher Boyce. The Falcon in the Box office smash the Falcon anti the snowman Jet Hijacker and escape artist Garrett Brock Trapnell. And Michael thevis known As the porno  Gary Gilmore was quartered at Marion As a state prisoner from Oregon until he was released on parole in april 1976, less than a year before Gilmore was executed by a firing squad at Utah state prison for murdering a hotel clerk Early in his parole. Most Marion inmates serving an average sentence of 40.5 years spend 2?.5 hours a Day in their cells under the lock Down. The prison is rimmed by eight guard towers and double Chain link fences with coils of razor wire atop and bctwr1" them. Marion has realize is Mission to replace Alcatraz and houses a much More hard Core offender than it did Back in 1977," Williford said. Ii was basically an open institution at that  in contrast across a Blacktop Road to the West is the unfenced level 1 minimum Security Marion prison Camp where 100 inmates serve average sentences of 2.5 years for non violent offences. They include Bankers doctors and lawyers who live in dormitories and have Access to a baseball Diamond Tennis courts gymnasium and Garden plots. Marion some 320 Miles South of Chicago opened As a prison Camp in 1963, the same year Alcatraz closed and gained Lull prison status the following year. But Marion did not become the new Alcatraz until 1979 when it received the level 6 classification. Between 1962 and 1979. Unmanageable prisoners were spread among such institutions As Marion Atlanta Leavenworth Lewisburg and Terre haute. The Bureau of prisons began sending the worst behaviour cases to Marion so other prisons could be operated in a More open fashion officials said