European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - February 15, 1987, Darmstadt, Hesse                                And 10,000 cases Etc under review but we slain reports said Only 98  Lell during the month. Under Gorbachev the slalom printing establishment has published its first works by emigre author Vladimir Nabokov. Tho Media have Hocog Nicod the Nobel literature prize awarded to Boris Pasternak in 1959 Lor the still banned novel doctor  Pasternak s son Yevgeny said he has been told that the journal Navy Mir will publish Zhivago this year. Recognizing writers who fell from Lavor Tor political reasons is an important change. Bui if seems inspired at least in pan by Gorbachev s Effort to divorce himself from his predecessors and no one can say How the Kremlin will read to Iho next Pasternak or Alexander Solzhenitsyn. In 1979, Viktor a Erofeyev was one of two writers barred from the writers Union or publishing the underground literary journal Moro pol recently he has published some literary criticism but Sliff cannot publish his own Proso and poetry. Some Young Avant Garde artists have been allowed to exhibit their paintings in official Halls but Only for a Day or even a Lew hours. They cannot join the Union of artists which they must do to earn a Legal living from their work. The Kremlin appears ready to give its Blessing to some great emigre artists and performers. There have Beon reports that soviet officials Are trying to woo Back Avant Garde theater director Yuri Lyubimov and to arrange visits by Ballet dancer Mikhail Baryshnikov and cellist Mstislav Rostropovich but Al the same Lime pianist Vladimir Felisma stripped of his position As a Moscow symphony soloist when to applied to emigrate still cannot play in major Halls in the capital. Part of the cultural process is the careful rewriting of official history to Deal publicly with periods that had been erased irom the books. The recently released film confession deals Allego Scally with the Stalin purges of the 1930s. In assessing this cultural ferment Many soviet intellectuals recall the famed thaw Cut Short by Khrushchev s fall in 1964. The Point is that once you allow the voice to speak then it will be  veve Geny Pasternak said in an interview Tho pressure for More change increases and All in  there is More openness in the Media although still with slate control in reporting natural disasters official wrongdoing economic shortcomings and Touchy political issues. Tha soviets also handle Iho Western press better. They hold frequent briefings and press conferences in Moscow Lake groups to Afghanistan and arrange press conferences by Gorbachev abroad. Directing this Eft Orl is Alexander Yakovlev who was elevated in late january to non voting membership an the ruling politburo and is a close ally of Gorbachev. These changes have attracted great interest in the West but directly affect Only a Small portion of the population. The potential Impact of Gorbachev s economic and political reforms is More far reaching. Factory managers Are getting More say in what to produce and when. But results will take years since Many factories Are obsolete or in ill repair. And managers still must contend with delays in deliveries of raw materials and an inadequate transportation system that frustrates delivery of finished products. Gorbachev has started to allow some private Enterprise in the service sector. But there Are restrictions and the government still has not worked out a reliable Way to tax such operations allot Gorbachev s plans hinge on his Effort to gain control of the bureaucracy. Aboul 60 percent of the communist party s Central committee was appointed under Brezhnev and there Are Sliu powerful members of the old guard on the ruling politburo. At a party meeting in late january Gorbachev managed to remove one of them former Kazakhstan party Boss Din Muhamed Yunaev. No replacement was named the party meeting also did t give Normal approval to Gorbachev s proposals to hold an important party conference next year and to Reform the party s internal election system. Still Gorbachev repeated his proposals in his closing speech to the party gathering. 15.1987 Hla character 1 unfathomable Ana nobody knows whet a think or alms Al. He it like tin egyptian  a Pho Genar Wojciech Jaruzelski a positive View of Poland s Leader Bynog Kanturek United press International senior american official recently described polish Leader Gen Wojciech Jaruzelski the Man who crushed the Independent Solidarity labor movement six years ago this Way intelligent forceful candid Speaks his mind. Listens. And that s whal  the statement by the official who briefed Western reporters on the recent visit to Poland by John while head Deputy Secretary of state reflects a new approach by Washington to Poland and its Leader a Man who is communist party Boss president and commander in chief of the armed forces. It was Jaruzelski who in the opinion of Many poles declared War on his own nation in december 1981, an unprecedented event in polish history. It was the first use in the East bloc of internal forces to crush dissent. Soviet military Power was used in Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968. We treat Poland As a Sovereign country a specific country the . Official also said. He referred to the unique role Poland maintains in the soviet bloc due to Well organized but illegal structures of dissent headed by Solidarity Leader Lech Walesa. The powerful roman Catholic Church also makes Poland different from the rest of the East bloc he said. The american s positive description of Jaruzelski contrasts with 1932 statements by american officials comparing Jaruzelski Wilh Gen. Augusto Pinochet the dictator of Chile and calling Jaruzelski a soviet general in polish uniform. People close to Jaruzelski 63, partly confirmed the personality sketch Given by the american official he is a person who knows How to listen to the officials around him. He is 1he  said one source. His character is unfathomable and nobody knows what he thinks or Aims at. He is like an egyptian Sphinx said another. Many sources confirmed that he is a modest person with no drive to get Rich in a some of his ministers who Are concerned about the construction of their new Villas. I would not replace my apartment for his Smalt Villa said one person who has been at Jaruzelski s Home ii contains a living room and three Small rooms which tie shares Wilh his wife a former Ballet dancer and teacher of German at Warsaw University and one daughter Monika a student. The Man is Well versed in literature and he really reads a  said another source. Journalists say his speeches Are 70 percent his own although polished by his two speech writers. The Only exception was before the communist party Congress in june 1936, when he employed four speech writers to write a speech that look several hours to deliver. Some sources say he is obsessed with the soviet Union because he and his family suffered Hare. His lather died of cold and exhaustion in Siberia where both he and his son worked sawing Timber in the forests. Later he and his Mother and sister were among 3 million poles evacuated by the red army from Palish territories seized by Moscow during world War ii. Along Wilh thousands of other poles he joined the polish army in order to come Home in a Soldier s uniform he led a Small reconnaissance squad during the War he gradually moved up through the ranks until he was promoted to general in 1956 Al the age of 33 he became defense minis Ler in 1968, Iho youngest in the East bloc. Sources say Jaruzelski often reminisces in private conversations about his school Days when he attended a High school at which students where required to Pray before classes the Soldier s life has kept Jaruzelski fit but recently a developed a spine problem he had to give up horseback Riding and must Lake special exercises and massages. During his visit 0 Warsaw in january new York mayor Edward Koch called Jaruzelski one of the most interesting Public figures in the  he is a controversial personality. His tragedy is that he has nothing to offer to poles but hard work discipline and at least a decade of Belt lightening measures in the future said one dissident. The stars and stripes Page 15