European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - May 9, 1989, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 2 the stars and stripes tuesday May 9,1989 army Reliance on reserves questioned study says nation would be at risk in future War by Chuck Vinch Washington Bureau Washington the army s increasing Reliance on Reserve forces despite shortfalls in Reserve equip ment and training puts the nation at risk in any future conflict according to a think tank study. The army reserves of the late 1980s Bear unprecedented responsibility said the study released sunday by the Brookings institution a non partisan think tank that studies Public policy issues. The military operations that the army could conduct without involving its Reserve components appear to be extremely Lim  under current War plans the reserves would make up More than 40 percent of . Combat forces and 60 percent of support forces sent to Europe in the first month of a crisis. Budget pressures have played a Large role in the army s decision to rely increasingly on its reserves the Brookings study said. In peacetime it is five times As expensive to equip and train an Active duty Soldier As a reservist it said. But Reserve troops who now outnumber their Active duty counterparts have been consistently Short changed on training and equipment and Likely would founder on the Battlefield said the 162-Page study titled ". Army guard and Reserve rhetoric Reali ties  where . Ground forces Are concerned the coun try1 currently has a three to four contingency rhetoric and a one contingency capability the study said. Somehow the capability must be brought in line with the  the study called for the Pentagon to review its Man Power plans to reduce the Reliance on reservists in the Early stages of a crisis upgrade training and spend almost $ 17 billion for Reserve equipment. A report released last week by the Pentagon s re serve forces policy Board detailed improvements in Reserve War fighting capabilities Over the past decade but also echoed Many of the Points made in the Brook Ings study. The Pentagon report said reservists make up All of the army s infantry scout groups heavy helicopter Crews and Light anti tank battalions As Well As More than half of All engineering and Field artillery Battal ions armoured cavalry and military intelligence units and infantry forces. The Overall equipment capability of the Reserve components docs not match that of the Active components even though some National guard and Reserve units will deploy simultaneously with Active Compo nent units the report said. The army Reserve has Only 59 percent of its required wartime stocks on hand with acute shortages in tactical and support vehicles aircraft and artillery it said. The army would have to spend More than $14 Bil lion to give the reserves the amount of equipment needed for wartime requirements the report said. The Brookings study said there is Good reason to doubt that Reserve units earmarked to fight in the first few Days of a conflict or even those that would reinforce Active units weeks after mobilization could deploy on schedule without penalties in combat Power effectiveness and tactical  defense says Hamadi should get Light sentence by de Reavis staff writer Frankfurt West Germany de sense lawyers for Mohammed a Hama i monday said their client deserves no More than eight years in prison for a1985 hijacking and the smuggling of liquid explosives into West Germany in1987. Following defense arguments the court adjourned Hamadi s trial on charges of commandeering the Twa Jet liner and murdering a . Navy diver during the hijacking. The court made up of three judges two laymen and an alternate judge is scheduled to pronounce sentence may17. Defense lawyer Hans Burkhardt Stock said Hamadi has shown the court ample evidence that he regrets his role in the hijacking and in smuggling explosives and warrants a mild sentence. Hamadi had nothing to do with the news updates sunken soviet sub Moscow up a soviet research ship has established there has been no increase in radiation in the area of the norwegian sea where a soviet nuclear powered submarine Sank last april with the loss of 42 crewmen the official Tass news Agency said sunday. Tass also said a scientific expedition would be sent to the spot this month to investigate the chances of raising the Mike class submarine from the wreck site located in 4,000 feet of water some 300 Miles off the norwegian coast. Tass said the special research vessel the Vsevolod Beryozkin re turned to the Arctic port of Mur Mansk sunday and reported that radiation around the wreck docs not exceed Normal background conditions. French nuclear tests Wellington new zealand a France has told new Zea land in soon will Start a new round of nuclear testing in the South Pacific despite Strong regional opposition a government official said monday. France has conducted 103 underground nuclear tests on the muru Roa and Fang Taufa atolls since 1975. Murder of the Navy diver or with the beating of other passengers or robbing them. We have heard More evidence to support Hamadi s claims than Point to his guilt on these Points Stock said. Hamadi a lebanese citizen is facing a life sentence for his part in the Hijack ing of flight 847 and the murder of . Navy diver Petty officer 2nd class Rob Ert Dean Secl him. Haio Adi claims his accomplice ran the hijacking operation and killed Stethem despite Hamadi s protests. Police authorities have identified his accomplice As Hassan Ezic dding the tar get of an International manhunt for his role in the crime. None of the passengers or Crew Mem Bers who testified at the trial witnessed the slaying at the Airport in Beirut Leb anon. Stock who represented Hamadi with his wife Gabrielle Steck Brumec also told the court that it had no Choice but to give Hamadi a sentence for adolescent lawbreakers because it lacked sound Evi Dence on Hamadi s age. Sleek said the court also must consider the environment in which Hamadi was born civil War israeli invasion and bombardment by the . Navy. For us and the americans hijacking is a heinous crime. We saw that in Leb anon Hamadi was q hero. Even a Chris Tian archbishop praised the deed. These Are factors which emphasize that the values of a lebanese must be different fro the values found in German Law and German Law demands that these differences be taken into consideration when reaching a verdict sleek said. Stock Brume no told the court that it had no jurisdiction in the murder Case and that it should have been separated from the trial. And As there is no lebanese state As such there is nowhere to extradite Ham Adi on the murder charge Stock Brumm said. She also told the court that Hamadi was an instrument of the amal militia in its plan to release More than 700 Radical shiite moslem imprisoned by Israel. Hamadi declined to use his Opportunity of having the last word in the trial which began on july 5,1988. Hamadi was arrested at Frankfurt International Airport for smuggling explosives into West Germany in january 1987. The 63rd session of the trial opened with chief judge a cinch Mickenberger saying recent reports of the kidnapping of a West German citizen in Lebanon would not affect the judgment of the court. News reports Over the weekend claim Markus Quint member of a West Ger Man conservative Christian medical aide organization was being held by an unknown group for the release of a Leb anese citizen being held in Cyprus for terrorist acts and for a mild sentence for Hamadi. Abolish death penalty Acle official says by Deedee Arrington Doke kaisers Lauvern Bureau Kaiserslautern West Germany the death penalty symbolizes an in sufficiently civilized society and should be abolished in the United states an official of the american civil liberties Union says. We arc willing to kill people who kill people to demonstrate that killing people is a bad thing Henry Schwarzschil director of the National Acle s capital punishment project in new York said Inan interview with the stars and stripes last week. Schwarzschil said surveys show that about 80 percent of All americans favor the death penalty. Faced with such Over whelming opposition Schwarzschil predicted that the death penalty will not be eliminated in the United states for the foreseeable future. The important effect of our work is to keep the Issue. In enormously Lively Public  the German born Schwarzschil visited Kaiserslautern on behalf of amnesty International an Independent human rights organization. Two weeks ago the group kicked off a world Campaign to draw attention to the death penalty which has been abolished in West Ger Many and Many other european coun tries. In 1976, the . Supreme court re turned to the states the right to allow a death Penally for capital crimes. Thirty seven states have a death penalty. Schwarzschil said an average of 250 people Are sentenced to death each year in the United states. About 2,200 people await execution while their cases arc appealed. One state that could shortly approve the death penalty is new York. Gov. Mario Cuomo has vetoed a death penalty Bill but Schwarzschil said death pen Alty advocates in the new York legis lature have sufficient support to override Cuomo s veto an action that could Fol Low within the next month. Schwarzschil acknowledged that the recent Wilding in new York City s Central Park in which a Young woman Jogger was raped and nearly beaten to death by teen age boys could influence politicians Voles. That particularly horrendous Inci Dent. Tends to be a politically Power Ful argument for people who think it will do some Good Schwarzschil said. But does anybody really think that if the death penalty had been available inner York a year earlier they would have abstained because they re kids they re reckless they play bang bang you re dead with real human beings out of. A brutal sense of irresponsibility and thuggish Ness. But it is simply silly to believe thai a death penalty would end that sort of  the Issue of whether the death penalty can be imposed against a juvenile maybe decided by the supreme court this summer after the court considers arguments that the execution of youngsters is cruel and unusual punishment. About 30 juveniles await execution in . Prisons Schwarzschil said. A Good Many of those youngsters May be seriously retarded with a mental age of 9 or 10, he said. We think of ourselves As the very Vanguard of human rights issues but on this Issue we arc walking in a direction opposite that of the rest of civilized society Schwarzschil said. He acknowledged that increasing crime in the United states contributes to citizens anger and a sense of helpless Ness in deterring criminals. But statistics do not Bear out claims that a death pen ally deters crime he said. Schwarzschil also contended that imprisonment is less expensive than sentencing someone to death because of spi Raling Legal costs involved in appealing death sentences. Iraqi defense minister Dies in helicopter crash Baghdad Iraq a Gen. Adnan Khairallah defense minister for 10 years and president Saddam Hus skins closest confidant was killed in an air crash during a sandstorm in Northern Iraq the government said. The iraqi Leader in a statement Broad cast by the state radio and television said the Pilot of the helicopter flying the 50-year-old general to Baghdad on Fri Day lost control during the storm and the aircraft crashed