European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - March 3, 1991, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 8 b the stars and stripes sunday March 3, 1991researchers reveal blood breakthrough substitute taken from cows successful in transfusions Dallas apr a blood substitute derived from cows has been tested successfully in humans and could be used to prevent transmitting aids hepatitis and other diseases in blood transfusions competing researchers said Friday. The first tests took place on volunteers in Guatemala last Spring said or Ted Jacobs inc dial director of Bio pure corp. Of boston.1 Bio pure has received permission to begin the test on humans a in the United states humans also successfully received a blood substitute derived from cows in tests Hist fall in Zaire said or. Mario Feola a researcher at Texas tech health science Center who developed the competing product. However or. S. Gerald Sandler chief medical officer of blood service at the american. Red Cross cautioned a Bovine haemoglobin and other haemoglobin solutions Are limited to the function of carrying oxygen and Carbon dioxide and have yet to offer the same needs of other blood components. A they do not provide the treatments for which we use plasma and platelets. They Are substitutes for red blood cells a he said. A a the no. I use of these products would be in the emergency situation where the demand for blood exceeds that stored in a Hospital or where. A rare or. Uncommon blood Type is not readily  researchers have been searching for a blood substitute for a Century to help patients whose blood has trouble carrying oxygen Jacobs said a approximately 70 percent to 80 percent of people who receive blood transfusions do so for oxygen transport Rea sons a he said. A blood substitute also could provide Protection from aids transmission the researchers said. Feola said the blood substitute could Lead to safer blood transfusions especially in countries where aids testing is riot routinely done. Cattle blood is not susceptible to diseases such As hepatitis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome which can be transmitted by human blood. A  a the Bovine haemoglobin purified and modified through a process developed at Texas tech was tested on nine children suffering from sickle cell anaemia Ait the Center for sickle cell anaemia in Kinshasa Zaire Feola said. _ the modified haemoglobin produced no immunologic or toxic reaction nor any kidney malfunction in the nine said Feola. The patients were tested several times during a six month period after the infusions. Their blood samples showed no antibodies against the solution. Feola said the substance appeared to stimulate Bone marrow to develop new red blood cells for about three months. A it served As a blood transfusion in the immediate sense and prolonged effect of stimulated Bone marrow a he said. Or. Mario Feola right talks with Texas tech colleague or. Bernhard  cases up 38 percent in . By the new York times new York a new cases of tuberculosis Rose by More than 38 percent in new York City last year almost four times the rate of increase of the previous year  officials said Friday. The highest rate was found in Central Harlem where there were 233.4 cases per 100,000 people More than 23 times the National average. The disease a chronic wasting illness that can be spread through the air with repeated exposures has become a Public health threat nationwide in the last Tew years a fact experiencing a steady decline through the 1960s and �?T70s. A a new York recorded 3,520 cases last year up from 2,545 in 1989 and from 1,034 cases in 1978, before incidence of the disease began to Rise. Health experts have linked the growing caseload to the aids virus which weakens the immune system and makes those who carry it unusually susceptible to disease and  and its accompanying ills a poor nutrition drug use crowded living a Are also related to tuberculosis by increasing the risk of exposure to the  average rate of tuberculosis in the Quot City was 49.8 per 100,000 residents a rate five times the National average. A a health department spokesman Peter Lynn said 15 to 20 percent of the City a tuberculosis cases were among homeless people. He said department surveys had generally found a tuberculosis infection rate of 10 to 15 percent in homeless shelters. But studies conducted by other researchers have found rates As High As 43 percent. _. It is not known How Many tuberculosis cases involve people with the aids virus Lynn said but a City health department Survey last november indicated that Many do of 268 with tuberculosis at eight City clinics 35 percent were found to be infected with the aids virus in that Survey. The health department estimates that 1 million new yorkers May be infected with the tuberculosis bacterium but that less than 1 percent of to Licese have the disease. The bacterium can be spread Only by those who have Active tuberculosis which is characterized by vigorous coughing. The disease is curable but often fatal if untreated. T. Young children and the elderly Are most vulnerable to the disease. Last year new cases among children 14 or younger nearly doubled in new York to 146 in 1990 from 79 in 1989. Among the youngest children those 4 years old and younger the number of cases reported increased by132 percent to 107 cases last year from 46 in 1989. Blacks who made up 28.7 percent of the City a population in the 1990 census accounted for 58 per nprson5fncases.,?ear with a rate of 129 cases per 100_,000 people. The rate for hispanic residents was 71.5 for asians 62,1, and for Whites 14.8. To halt the spread of the disease the department is providing tuberculosis testing and treatment at cult tsp i 1 Home Ess the City has an 85-bed shelter for homeless tuberculosis patients. Since last september the City has also tested All Hsk n 0rng the ?o1 system for the first time health department officials said preliminary results indicated a 7 percent infection rate. In cause of the epidemic the health departments Bureau of tuberculosis obtained $1.3 million to supplement above its budget of $9.2 million. A year for which Complete figures Morth m Fen inn tanked Iloth among dries of More than 250,000 people in the rate of new tuberculosis cases Lynn said. Luger cd the highest incidence was found in Newark Miami Atlanta Tampa and san Francisco. A Washington a women could collect up to $150,000 compensation for work related sexual harassment under the Bush administrations alternative to a revived democratic civil rights Bill vetoed by the president last fall the administration sent its counterproposal to Capitol Hill on Friday after renewing opposition to the democratic Bill. The administrations proposal contains Many provisions supported by the White House last year which were rejected by civil rights lobbyists and their allies in Congress both sides Are focusing their latest proposals on women. In an Effort to Widen support and win a veto proof majority democrats argue that their Bill would Benefit women in addition to Blacks and other minorities. Administration sources have acknowledged that Bush a proposal to provide monetary awards for sexual harassment is intended to counter the democratic strategy. Under current Federal Law judges can Only Issue injunctions ordering a halt to sexual harassment. Both Bills Are intended to overturn a series of 1989 supreme court rulings that civil rights lawyers say make it harder for plaintiffs to win employment discrimination suits 7. Quot Quot in the key Case the court shifted the Burden of proof to complainants in showing that an allegedly discriminatory practices was or was not necessary for a successful business operation the administration contends its Bill like the democratic proposal shifts the Burden to employers. Civil rights lobbyists however complain the administration s definition of Quot business necessity Quot would preclude Many suits. Bush and business groups counter that the democratic Bill would Force them to adopt hiring quotas to avoid lawsuits Sanlon a lobbyist for the Naaf Legal defense and educational bund inc., said Bush a proposal contains provisions intended to keep companies out of court including a statement that binding arbitration is the preferred alternative to  a provision would enable employers to Force workers in a tight Job Market to waive their right to sue he said