Pacific Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - October 03, 1948, Tokyo, T�ky�                                By Esther Crane staff writer october 1948 inaugurates the fourth year in one of history s greatest experiments the peaceful occupation of a Defeated country by its conquerors. This is a time for annual Stock taking for the recognition of Progress towards Potsdam declaration goals and for the pointing with pardonable Pride to definite objectives already achieved. To the numerous Scap Section chiefs who arrived in Japan with Macarthur in the fall of 1945, the three years physical change i the country is almost unbelievable. Wide Well paved highways have emerged from the mountains of rubbish which originally littered main City streets clean new wooden buildings and Gay shop fronts have sprung up in the midst of charred ruins and fresh foliage has. Mercifully softened some of the larger destruction areas no longer do homeless waifs and beggars hang around ghz billeting areas and no longer is the Universal look of the masses one of hopelessness and despair. There is instead a very evident optimism among japanese crowds. New places of entertain ment movie Heaters dance Halls and Lea shops Are opening overnight and. Small businesses Are beginning to establish footholds against the Post " War chaos. ,. While an Overall estimate of the occupation s Progress should rightfully take into account the individual contributions of All Scap offices there Are nevertheless certain sections which from the beginning have dealt specifically with the japanese people. It is he latter which furnish most conclusive evidence As to the occupation s Success or failure. It. Cal. Hubert g. Schenck natural resources. The natural resources Section headed by it. Col h. G Shenck has succeeded not Only in achieving marked production increases of native products but it has also been responsible for the breaking up of old i Euda Listic systems in land distribution and cultivation. The farm land Reform Law has1 done away with the bureaucratic overlord system and former government controls have been replaced by the growth of new agricultural cooperatives. While leading the world in its Rice production per acre Japan has greatly increased its other Grain crops through scientific peed selection and improved fertilization methods initiated by hrs experts. Even though Japan s Popula Tion has increased by a million per sons for each year of the occupation the necessary food imports have been. Compared to prewar areas has nevertheless already reached 85 per cent of prewar production. Scap observers from hrs have accompanied whaling expeditions to the Antarctic in both 1946 and 1947, which insulted respectively in 15 and 20 million dollars Worth of food and oils for Home consumption. Reforestation in order to meet the shortage of Wood pulp and fuel is another of hrs important programs while the mining and geology division is of course most seriously concerned with the nation s Paramount heed for a larger Coal Supply. Members of the natural resources Section Are con stantly travelling to All parts of Japan working with military government team members in the Field to improve agricultural and mining techniques. They have High Hopes of continuing to increase the food and Coal production and to partially solve the re forestation problem through the Plant ing of Nursery Trees and the Mote scientific use of existing Timber sup plies. In cooperation with hrs the economic and scientific Section has been Able to announce an increase from the original  go Staple food ration Stabi Ishell in 1.945 to 2.7 go or 1350 calories per person for 1948. This has been made possible through the care Ful rationing and control of Staple food supplies which Are supplemented by vegetables and other foods unfree Sale. Maj. Gen. William f.1warquat t f 1 i / f. F & economic Ana scientific Ess Haslet the equal production Goa for 1948- at 36 million tons a sub Stantial increase Over the 22 million i  .3n. The first year of the occupation. Chief of the Section is. Maj. Gen. W. F. Marquat who has gathered around him economic sex. Perth of great variety of Fields to help administer the manifold functions of   not Only is ? the. Section concerned with food and Coal distribution but also with textiles machinery reparations import and Export surveys labor relations Bud get balancing anti Trust and cartels decentralization and the establish ment of foreign Trade. One of Ess s strongest contributions to the growth of democracy in Japan is the establishment of labor unions collective bargaining and fair. Trade practices. The former govern. Ment dominated labourers associations gave to voice at All to the employee an individual. An added responsibility of the Section since August of ij1947,when limited foreign Trade was up ezied Jip to Japan is the sat Ifica  licenses to the hoards of for eign traders who have since swarmed changed the occupation picture in 1948. Brig. Gen. C. F. Sams chief of Public health and welfare has been characterized As a direct action Guy by one of the other Scap Section chiefs. New Laws for the carrying out of democracy Are ineffectual if the japanese people Don t know what you Are talking about says general Sams who is currently working towards the establishment of modern health centers in every prefecture of Japan. As a step in achieving this goal he opened up a Model Tokyo health Center last March in Sug Inami Ward. Representatives of All 46 prefectures were invited to attend and a program of six one week each demonstrations was Given to some 400 persons. Visual and auditory aids were used in acquainting the japanese with the Basic services of a Model health Center Public health nursing mater Nal and child Hygiene dental Hygiene medical social service and disease control. Prefectural representatives were so enthusiastic that eight Model health centers have since been opened in Rural areas. Hrs has also supervised the recon. Stup tips of Japan Flash a which even Large tracers hotels and that overseas in emissary in Toj Jyro and the Stab. Traders by  Brig. Gen. Crawford f. Sams Public health & welfare general Sams always makes a Point of attending All Public health Demon stration projects such As the opening of the Public health train which left Tokyo last november equipped wit medical exhibits filling three converted coaches for a tour of Japan s regional areas. Sams is a Well known figure in japanese medical circles but says he would rather work with Heyoung doctors than to try and in fluence the Learned old men who retain their Feuda Listic fear of losing face whenever their diagnoses Are proved erroneous. Noted for his organizational Quali ties Sams with the help of Only 11 trained sanitation engineers has set up sanitation teams in each prefer. Ture for which some 360,000 japanese have been trained to serve. To improve the japanese nursing profession permission was obtained for 200 selected persons to serve As nurses aids in . Army hospitals. To Scap s government Section has been entrusted the important function of helping the japanese to revolutionize their whole governmental framework in order to provide them selves with the Legal Means for implementing a democratic Way of life. The activation of the new Constitution the emergence of the diet As the highest Organ of state Power the abolition of the old bureaucratic Home ministry and the the democratization a Fiche National Nolice Force and the pen Versino tiie former Justice min Issel among the. Drastic changes sponsored by to government Section Brig. Gen. Courtney Whitney government Section according to government Section spokesmen japanese people have also been extremely cooperative through out the somewhat controversial purge program carried out in response to a Scap directive issued in january 1945. Between that time and May of this year a total of 717,415 persons were examined by japanese screening committees and 201,815 of these were purged from the holding of Public offices. The purges were classed in certain designated categories All connected with War guilt. With its purge program completed the government Section can now devote More of its energies to the enforcement of newly enacted Laws such As the revised criminal and civil codes and the a Baas Corpus All of which have emphasized the dignity of the individual and his responsibility for demanding Good government. Brig Gen. Courtney Whitney government Section s chief has a distinguished Legal background and his Section includes a number of other outstanding Legal experts. In accordance with the occupation s development however the courts and Law division of government Section was transferred last May to Scap s Legal Section which also inherited Essle Gal Section at the same time. At the outset of the occupation the Legal Section was primary concerned with prosecution of War criminals and Many of these cases have now been concluded. Another 1948 change in the government Section was the Transfer of the local government Section to eighth army. Having drawn up and worked out programs connected with the local autonomy Law the local-0 government Section is now doing valuable Field work of interpret this Law on an eighth army operational set up. " it. Col. D. R. Nugent civil information and education Scap s civil information and to promote democracy through All