European Stars And Stripes (Newspaper) - November 18, 1973, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Page 8 the stars and stripes sunday november 18/ 1973 Roscoe Drummond new War Powers Law in t All that bad in All Candor i suddenly find myself disagreeing with Al the criticisms being made of the new War Powers Law which seeks to make Congress a part Ner in any decision by the presi Dent to use american troops in foreign  commentators argue that the whole thing is a Sham because it won t  democratic liberals who opposed it argue that the new la actually expands the president s War making Powers because i spells out circumstances in which Congress agrees he can act alone by Only reporting to Congress  Republican conservatives contend that the act is a reckless attempt to curtail the authority of the president As commander in chief to Cope promptly with future contingencies which in today s Complex world cannot possibly be foreseen. Finally there is the View tha Congress has acted unwisely on the ground that the War Power Slaw will persuade potential aggressors that the United states will be so slow to act that it will no longer be a deterrent to War. There is an element of truth in All of these arguments but not  new Law passed Over or. Nixon s veto provides that the president must report to con Gress within 48 hours if he com mits . Forces to combat abroad or even substantially in creases combat troops in a for eign country. Such use of Ameri can forces could not continue More than 90 Days without con Gressional  s wrong with that con Gress is not trying to accomplish the impossible. In today s nuclear world it would be impractical to reclaim the exclusive author Ity to declare War As provided inthe Constitution nearly 200 years ago. Governments no longer Send diplomatic notes announcing they will attack at some Earl Date. We were at War with Japan before president Roosevelt went to Congress on dec. 8, 1941, ask ing for a formal endorsement of what had already  is placing no impractical restraints upon the presi Dent. It is not taking away any of the Power of the president to act quickly and flexibly. It is simply saying that it is the wish and will of Congress that in doing so the president must have congressional approval As soon As pos  May Well be that this con Gressional Effort to reclaim Ashare of the War making Power May not hold up if it is challenged in the supreme court. It May be ruled unconstitutional on the ground that the Powers of the president cannot be altered Byan act of Congress. That May Well be True and Weill Likely find out in due course. But i think it does t matter very much whether the War Powers Law remains on the statute  is important is that con Gress has affirmed one of the crucial lessons of the korean and vietnamese wars. By an Over whelming vote it has proclaimed a tradition which will mature and strengthen As time goes on that the american government will not engage in a Long sustained foreign War without the approval of both the presi Dent and Congress. President Harry s Truman put the United states into the korean War without going to Congress and he later saw that it was a grave mistake. President Johnf. Kennedy transformed a policy of economic Aid to South Vietnam into a policy of military participation and i Arn sure that if he had lived he would have realized How grievous a mistake that was. What is evident beyond argument is that the american people will no longer support . Participation in a foreign War unless it is supported decisively by both the president and Congress and should t be asked to do so. C los Angeles times Syndicate european edition Captain Edward g. Mcgrath us editor in chief it. Col. Gary l. 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The Black population was ready to celebrate new Black mayors in Detroit the nation fifth largest City and in Raleigh n.c., an important Southern Metropolis when the census revealed that the negro totals had declined at a greater rate than those of the  has been the Case for Many elections United states voter showed up badly with Only 63 per cent of those of voting age actually voting in 1972. That came to 85,766,000 votes. These included 7,032,000 Black votes and 2,103,-000 whose background was his panic. In those with less than a eighth Grade education Blacks and Whites came out about  it cannot be said that less educated Blacks forced their bal lot Box choices on the Whites. But the Black total was about386,700 less than it was in 1972. Of course some of the drop should have been expected because fewer people vote in an off year election. But the decline among Blacks was greater than that among Whites. There were other factors such As Lack of interest i local issues or personalities. However Black citizens Whereon their Way up politically. The voting rights act of 1965, which provided for the sending of Feder Al registrars into countries where there has been no attempt to Register negroes since reconstruction spurred the Black population to new activity. The census figures show that Only Southern negroes held or in creased their  discouragement to negro voting gained a Small following several years ago when the prophets of no Progress for Blacks under the american system went about preaching largely to younger Blacks and to various disappointed ones. Now however is no time to spread hopelessness. A Black mayor has been elected in Raleigh where Only about 30 per cent of the population is Black. Thomas Bradley is mayor of los Angeles where the Blac population is about 20 per cent. Maynard Jackson is mayor of at Lanta and a Black mayor has been chosen in Detroit. Both candidates in Detroit played Down the race Issue and emphasize the problems facing the City As a  election of a member of a minority As mayor of an Ameri can City is important. A non White mayor of san Jose said by its boosters to be the fastest growing City in California is in a challenging spot. The election of a Black Man is doubly important especially where Black voters Are a minor Ity that never could elect a Candi Date by themselves even i every Black vote were cast and counted. This is Why the los an Geles and Raleigh votes Are significant. There May be among the 87 Black mayors other where negroes Are in the minor Ity. But the record was handed Down by sen. Edward Brooke r mass., where Only 3 per cent of the population is Black. It mean that the american electoral pro Cess is working out. Negro americans Are beset by Many troubles some of their own making but mostly those visited unfairly upon them. They can fight their Way up and Rise in the esteem of their fellow citizens bythe Caliper of the men they put Forward for Public office. The Pace is slow by impatient Stan Dards but Swift As time  system will work for those who take the trouble to study it prepare themselves and make it work. C the Register and Tribune Syndicate the opinions expressed in the columns and cartoons on this Page represent those of the authors and Are in no Way to be considered As representing the views of the stars and stripes itself or of the United states government. Ira c. Eaker who will blink next the user and the . Have been eyeball to eyeball twice i Little More than a decade. Both times the soviets blinked  and where will the next clash come and who is Likely Tobe the first to blink an examination of the past two contests May reveal some answers. In the cuban missile crisis in1962, president Kennedy ordered Khrushchev to remove the nuclear missiles he had planted 90 Miles from our shores and the russian dictator complied. He had no alternative since the .then possessed a five to one superiority in strategic nuclear  that superiority in the ultimate weapon it was obvious that the Kremlin would not Start throwing nuclear warheads. Anyway at that time could Only involve general purpose  . Had a Superior Navy and geographic logistic factors greatly favored the . The result boiled Down then Toa clash of wills Between two Heads of state. Khrushchev had badly miscalculated the decisiveness and determination of the Youthful . President. That error Cost him his Job. An analysis of the second confrontation reveals some significant changes in the decisive fac tors. When Brezhnev and com Pany served notice on president Nixon that he proposed to introduce russian combat forces into the Middle East the decision was not As easy for Nixon As it had been for , since the cuban humiliation had taken some decisive Steps to gain nuclear and naval parity. Soviet leaders also realized that the All important geographic logistic factors now favored  these advantages Why then did Brezhnev like Khrushchev blink he was not ready. The Kremlin had decided that a nation should not Chance the possibility of nuclear War without Clear superiority in nuclear forces. To risk a conventional War on a foreign Shore it must have Clear superiority in . Brezhnev also reckoned that there would soon be a More favourable  present rates of fund allo cations for strategic nuclear forces by the two nations Russia will have preponderant strengthen 1975. With present rates of Effort her Navy will greatly exceed ours by 1975. Russian leaders Are patient. There Are two other areas in which the soviets need to be Superior in air and space. While devoting her major Effort to nuclear and naval forces in the last decade she has been experimenting extensively with air and space weapons. Well be fore 1980, she can have Clear superiority in air and  Russia can delay . Rearmament until 1975, by Dan gling the Hope of Salt ii and mfr mutually balanced Force reduction she will then have decisive superiority on land and sea and in air and space Bot nuclear and conventional. The ., then must blink next time and the user can choose the time and place for the confrontation. C general features corp