European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - November 11, 1990, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Science amp the world Page 18fossil discovery Sheds new Light on Birds flight evidence that Many Birds were skilled fliers millions of years Cartier than scientists thought has recently been unearthed in China. The Fossil estimated to be 135 million years old was found in a Farmers Field in Liaoning province in northeastern China. It appears to be of an agile Sparrow sized Bird that could Perch in Trees and Dart through the air to snare insects. The Fossil and a similar Fossil found in Spain a few years ago help fill a major Gap in Avian evolution. They suggest that Birds that could Fly were both numerous and diverse in the cretaceous period 70 million to 140 million years ago. Until those discoveries Blank evolutionary pages had separated the 145 million year old archaeopteryx a the oldest known Birdlike creature a and the 70 million year old Hespe Ornis and Echt Hornis the earliest other known Birds. The archaeopteryx ancient Wing lived when the biggest of the dinosaurs roamed the Earth about 140 million years ago. It was the size of a Crow and was a Cross Between a Bird and a reptile it had the clawed fingers of a Dinosaur the scaly head and Long Bony Tail of a Lizard and the toothed jaw of a Crocodile. Although it May have inhabited other parts of the world its Bones have been found in Only one re National geographic reconstruction of a 135-Mlllion-year-old Bird shows a body built for perching and flying. Gion of Southern Germany. The Echt Hornis fish Birdias previously the first known Bird with wings developed for sus. Trained flight. It was the size of a Gull had Teeth and probably ate fish. It thrived in areas of Kansas and Texas. The Hespe Ornis lived about the same time but was a flightless animal found in Chalk Beds in Western Kansas once an Inland sea. Its wings no More than stubs were useless for flight. The new discoveries give some idea of what Birds were like Between those times and that some of them were actually flying. A if you saw this Bird perched in a tree it would probably appear modern with flying and Perch ing abilities virtually identical to today a Birds a says Pale oncologist Paul Sereno of the University of Chicago. Sereno led the the painstaking reconstruction of the Fossil. Sereno said the Fossil had three features that Are seen in modern Birds a keeled breastbone and a Short Tail that shifts the Birds balance Over its wings both of which would help it Fly and grasping feet which would enable it to Perch. The Birds  be confused with the pterosaurs a to which the Pterodactyl belonged. These were soaring reptiles that were Only distantly related to Birds and were not their ancestors. Since All modern Birds that Fly have asymmetrical flight feathers like those of archaeopteryx it is logical to believe that it could Fly. But experts say the archaeopteryx was a feeble flier at Best and May not have been Able to take off at All. It had the Large Wishbone that aids powered flight but possibly lacked the hollow Bones and keel shaped breastbone that made its descendants master fliers. The chinese Bird May be related to archaeopteryx. A based on what in be seen in detailed photographs elements of the Pelvis retain some of the same characteristics As archaeopteryx a says John h. Ostrom a Yale University geology professor. A at the same time it has developed modern Birdlike features characteristic of a Good  describing the Fossil find As a very exciting a Ostrom says it indicates that a either the changes making a modern Bird occurred very rapidly or modern Bird lineages predate the archaeopteryx and had another ancestor entirely. There la be a lot of discussion about  National geographic at a glance Yugoslavia size 98,766 Square Miles the size of Wyoming population 23,753,000 1989 estimate main language Scrabo croatian macedonian and slovenian All official currency Dinar no official rate travel restrictions none overview Yugoslavia has three main land regions the narrow Rocky coast with natural beaches and Beautiful scenery Interior Highlands that make up most of the country and North Central Plains where most farming is done. Its name adopted in 1929, Means land of the Southern slavs and comes from the fact that slavic Peoples make up most of the population. There Are Many other ethnic groups however giving the country cultural diversity three official languages two alphabets and Many ethnic disputes. Belgrade the capital is the country a largest City. Is a bet White and Black spotted Dalmatian dogs popular As firehouse dogs in the United states Are believed to have originated in the yugoslavian Region of Dalmatia any questions0 a How does eliminating Trees affect cities air Quality a a Trees serve a major role in the control of smog and their continued destruction in cities Means that despite reductions in automobile and Industrial pollution smog will get worse not better in the future. This is according to a new study by the Georgia Institute of technology. The study suggests City planners spare As Many Trees As possible because greenery cools the City and fights a Urban heat Island a in which Concrete and Asphalt absorb and store heat creating a kind of solar oven that sets off a Chain of chemical reactions to produce smog. Increased heat does two things it boosts emissions of Man made hydrocarbons mostly from the evaporation of fuel such As gasoline and it increases the production of natural hydrocarbons which react with nitrogen oxides to form Ozone the principal ingredient in smog. The natural hydrocarbons come from vegetation the hotter it is the More a tree sweats natural hydrocarbons. Trees reduce temperatures by evaporating water through pores in their leaves. They also do not absorb heat As Concrete does and do not stifle air flow As Large buildings do both of which help Tower temperatures. The study is by the same group that found two years ago that in some cases Trees can Emit As Many hydrocarbons As other sources such As cars and factories. But its authors found that even though Trees May contribute to smog their destruction creates even More smog. They argue that by sparing the a cities can improve their air Quality and lower summer temperatures significantly. The study looked at Atlanta and found it has lost about 20 percent of its Trees in the past 15 years. During that time average summer temperatures in Atlanta climbed almost 4 degrees fahrenheit a much bigger increase than in surrounding Rural areas. To plus sunday november 11,1990