European Stars and Stripes (Newspaper) - January 1, 1992, Darmstadt, Hesse                                Saddam hussein1990 24 a Sudan Hussein accused Kuwait of stealing $2.4 billion Worth of Oil from Wells on iraqi territory. Hussein also said Kuwait was trying to ruin the iraqi Economy by conspiring to push Down world Oil prices. Concern arises at the White House Over the troop buildup by Iraq who moved nearly 30,0 0 elite  troops to its Border with  2 a iraqi tanks rolled into Kuwait and troops quickly seized the ruler s Palace and government buildings and seized control of Kuwait enormous wealth and Oil reserves. 8 a Iraq annexed Kuwait and vowed Defiance of Quot All the fleets and squadrons of aircraft Quot of a  Force. President Bush ordered american warplanes and ground forces to saudi Arabia. 9 a president Bush warned Saddam Hussein that Quot a line has been drawn in the Sand Quot As . Troops took up defensive positions in Oil Rich saudi Arabia to guard against a possible attack by Iraq. 24 a president Bush on Friday ordered . Ship commanders to intercept All ships carrying goods to or from Iraq. 26 a the United nations voted to permit the use of Force to Back economic sanctions on Iraq. Iraq denounced the Security Council move As illegal and warned that it could Lead to All out  5 a president Bush decided to ask Congress to forgive Egypt a entire $7 billion military debt because of its leadership in standing up to iraqi aggression. 22 a Aalfs gasoline prices jumped an average of 18 cents a gallon As a result of the crisis in the persian  10 a defense Secretary Dick Cheney said that new . Troop deployments to the persian Gulf will include half of All american land forces in Europe. 11 a after visiting several nations. Secretary of state James Baker said the United states and its allies were preparing for War with Iraq if its forces were not withdrawn from Kuwait. Also the Pentagon cancelled plans to rotate troops in saudi Arabia and said that american forces already in the persian Gulf area or headed there would remain for the duration of the crisis. 15 a Iraq accused the United states of looking for a fight but president Bush told congressional leaders he has no immediate plans to go to War in the persian Gulf. 17 a imminent Thunder a six Day amphibious exercise Only Miles from Kuwait was launched by . And saudi forces. 19 a president Bush hinted that Germany should play a bigger role in the Gulf crisis and urged the reunited country to a take responsibility Quot for world leadership. 23 a facing a possible manpower squeeze in operation desert shield the  decided to freeze All separations. 29 a the . Security Council authorized a military strike to liberate Kuwait if Iraq does not withdraw its troops and release All hostages by Jan. 15.december 1 a Iraq agreed to president Bush s Call for urgent talks on the persian Gulf crisis but insisted the Arab Lar Ali dispute be included in the face to face dialogue. 13 the official iraqi news Agency quoted Saddam Hussein As saying Quot if the enemies want to push affairs to a military Duel then by god s help we would win and would walk Over their corpses and tread on their  25 a though forced to censor his jokes and pull Hollywood starlets from his show 87-year-old Bob Hope performed for soldiers in Eastern saudi Arabia for Christmas. 27 a acting on Cia warnings that Iraq has developed biological weapons the Pentagon planned to begin vaccinating american military personnel in the persian Gulf. 28 a president Bush downplayed reports that . Troops in the persian Gulf would not be fully prepared for a january strike 29 a Iraq said any attempt to Force it out of Kuwait would trigger a holy War against american targets worldwide. 30 a iraqis information minister said that president Bush a must have been drunk when he suggested Iraq might withdraw from Kuwait and boasted Quot we will show the world America is a paper tiger."1991january 5 a president Bush told Saddam Hussein that Quot time is running out Quot and issued an ultimatum to the iraqi Leader Quot withdraw or face the terrible  7 a nine Days before the . Deadline for a possible War with Iraq Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf said his troops Are ready. 9 a last minute diplomatic Effort by . Secretary of state James Baker and iraqi foreign minister Tariq Aziz failed to defuse the persian Gulf crisis the 61/ hours of meetings were the first Between top officials of the United states and Iraq since the aug. 2 invasion and came Only Days before the . Deadline for Iraq to leave Kuwait. 13 a Congress gave president Bush authority to wage War in the persian Gulf. 15 a the White House said military action against Iraq Quot could occur at any Point after the . Deadline Tor Lrus Gen. Schwarzkopf withdrawal from  diplomats appealed to Iraq to relent As the final hours ticked toward the . Deadline. 17 a Allied forces launched a massive air strike against Iraq As f-15e fighter bombers took off from the largest . Air base in Central saudi Arabia around Midnight local saudi time. The air offensive aimed at strategic Sites  and Kuwait included . Air Force planes. British Tornado fighter bombers 150 saudi arabian f-15s and Tornado and aircraft of Kuwait s exiled military. Round the clock bombing raids especially targeted the elite Republican guards entrenched along an arc Northwest of Kuwait. More than 1.000 attack runs were staged in one Dav. 18 Iraq fired missiles into Israel in an Effort to bring the jewish state into the Gulf War. Saudi Arabia also came under attack by iraqi scud missiles. The United states and its allies followed up devastating pre Dawn air strikes with Daylong attacks. At a Pentagon briefing american defense Secretary Dick Cheney announced that one . And one British aircraft had been lost in the assault. The Pilot was the first american combat death in operation desert storm. 19 a the first known prisoners of War were taken by Allied forces when . Forces took 12 iraqi prisoners in a night operation against iraqi anti aircraft positions on kuwaiti Oil platforms in the persian Gulf. The United states dispatched . Soldiers and two Patriot missile batteries to Israel to guard against iraqi missile attacks. 20 Patriot rockets destroyed nine of 10 iraqi scud missiles fired into saudi Arabia. The other fell harmlessly into the persian Gulf . Officials said. Allied ground forces continued a massive push toward the kuwaiti Border. 21 a at least nine Crew members were reported missing in action from the six . Aircraft lost so far in the War. 22 a the United states Britain and Italy denounced iraqis treatment of captured Allied airmen. Defense Secretary Dick Cheney compared it to a War crime. An iraqi scud missile slammed into Tel. Aviv killing three people and wounding 98 in Israel s largest City. Iraqi forces blew up a kuwaiti Oil facility. Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf said that the ceaseless american led air raids have succeeded in cutting communications and Supply links Between about a half million iraqi troops entrenched in the Kuwait area and their leaders at Home. 25 a . Military officials said that iraqi prisoners of War Are a diseased and totally falling apart a sign that the iraqi  a living conditions morale and willingness to fight May be eroding. 26 a the White House and military officials said that Iraq is dumping millions of barrels of Oil into the persian Gulf from Kuwait in an apparent Effort to frustrate . Landing efforts. Pentagon spokesman Pete Williams said the Oil dumping a is clearly an act of environmental  29 a Iraq claimed that an Allied pow was killed by a coalition air raid apparently while being held As a a human 30 a 12 . Marines were killed and heavy iraqi casualties were reported in the heaviest ground fighting so far in the War when iraqi tanks moved into saudi Arabia in the Region near the saudi Border town of Khanji 31 a Allied warplanes pounded a 10-mile column of iraqi Armor trying to Force Page 10 the stars and stripes wednesday thursday january 1/2, 1992 to it year of drama the Gulf War its Way into saudi Arabia after Allied ground forces retook the saudi coastal Lown of  2 Iran s foreign minister Alik Akbar Veln Vati said that the nearly Iraq aircraft which flew into his country without permission Over the last few Days would be detained until the persian Gulf War is Over. The . Command in the persian Gulf announced that the allies had put the iraqi Navy out of action. 3 the . Military command announced it was investigating whether some marines were accidentally killed by american or other Allied fire during the Battle with iraqi troops near Khanji. 5 Iraq called for terror attacks on Allied targets worldwide. 6 a Jordan s King Hussein denounced the persian Gulf War Quot against brotherly Iraq and strongly criticized the United states and its allies. 11 a president Bush said that the 31/ week old air War against Iraq would continue for a while before the allies open a ground War. Allied warplanes intensified bombing with 200 missions against iraqis Republican guard. Four More iraqi scud launchers were destroyed. 13 a witnesses said Allied missiles slammed into a Baghdad bomb shelter killing 400-500 people. The . Military command insisted the site was an iraqi military command and control Bunker and had no explanation Why civilians were in the Bunker 15 Iraq offered for the first time to comply with . Demands that it relinquish Kuwait. President Bush said conditions Iraq attached to its offer made it nothing More than a Quot cruel  16-1 Raqi anti aircraft gunners shot Down two american warplanes in Kuwait. 17 a Friendly fire killed two americans in Early morning skirmishes with iraqi patrols along the Border of Kuwait and saudi Arabia. Twenty iraqi troops were captured. 18 a two . Warships hit mines in the Northern persian Gulf As Allied vessels moved deeper into hostile Waters. The United states reported Allied forces had flown 80,000 sorties in the monthlong bombardment of Iraq and said the attacks would continue while Iraq considers a new joint .-soviet peace plan. 20 a . Ground forces captured about 500 iraqi prisoners. 21 Saddam Hussein said his  is ready for a ground Battle ii president Bush a continues to reject iraqi peace  22 a president Bush delivered an ultimatum to Iraq giving Saddam Hussein until noon feb. 23, to Quot begin his immediate and unconditional withdrawal from Kuwait Quot or face a decisive ground assault. 23 a the noon deadline set by the United states passed with no signs of an iraqi pullout. _ a Pentagon official said that dry storm commanders had received authority to launch a massive ground assault to drive iraqi troops from Kuwait president Bush threatened amphibious assault Drew iraqi forces to deploy along the coast. 24 a t he United Stales and its allies launched their Long threatened ground assault. The . Army s 101st airborne div airlifted More than 2,000 men 50 hum Ces and howitzers and tons of fuel and ammunition More than 50 Miles into Iraq to set up a Forward operating base. Another 2,000 men from the 101st rolled Over the Border into enemy territory. T he . Marine s 1st and 2nd divisions reached the outskirts of Kuwait City along with a Parachute drop by elements of the  s 82nd airborne div. The . 24th div Mech vol corps 1st and 3rd  divisions and 2nd Cav div and the 1st inf div crossed the Border. By mid afternoon 5,500 iraqi soldiers had surrendered and kuwaiti units moving North with . Forces had reached Al Jahirah. About 25 Miles West of Kuwait City. 25 a in Riyadh. Saudi Arabia an iraqi scud missile slammed into a building housing More than 100 . Soldiers killing at least 28 and injuring 100. Two american women killed during the attack were the first women reported killed in the Gulf War iraqi forces set fire to More kuwaiti Oil Wells and other facilities and at least 517 wellhead were burning. 26 a the . Command said the iraqi  was in full Retreat across the entire theater and that 21 enemy divisions had been Defeated or neutralized with very few coalition casualties. British armoured units clashed with an iraqi armoured Force West of Kuwait and took 600 prisoners. One British Soldier was killed. British military officials said nine soldiers died when a . Attack plane fired on two Allied infantry vehicles involved in a fight with iraqi troops. Units of the . Marine s 1st and 2nd divisions As Well As the  a 82nd airborne div circled Kuwait City. 27 a joyous residents shouted a thank you America Quot As Allied forces reclaimed the capital of Kuwait City. President Bush announced that All military objectives had been met and a cease fire would go into effect in the persian Gulf at 8 a.m., feb. 28, exactly pm hours after the Start of ground offensive. The government of Iraq agreed to fully comply with , Resolution 660 and to All the other Security Council resolutions a tank Battle in iraqis Southern desert was the biggest Armor engagement since world War ii. More than 700 iraqi tanks were destroyed. 28 a temporary cease fire goes into effect. Its continuation was contingent on a halt to iraqi attacks and other conditions including the immediate release of prisoners of War and any captured civilians. At least 126 Allied troops were killed in the War. Seventy nine americans died including 28 in the ground Campaign and 213 were wounded. Non combat american deaths totalled 157, including 105 during operation desert shield. Fifty six Allied troops were missing in action including 35 americans and 13 were prisoners of War including nine americans. Iraqi casualties were estimated to be As High As 100,000, but Allied commanders refused to provide any count of iraqi War dead and Iraq issued none. A by Walter Jahncke the kurdish refugee Camp in Northern Iraq grew to More than 20,000 displaced  War after the War by Joseph Owen Stuttgart Bureau americans fought a War in 1991 and considered the year remarkable. The kurd saw several wars and for them it was business As usual. Numbering More than 20 million the kurd Are scattered across parts of Turkey Iraq Syria Iran and the soviet Union. Attention to their plight peaked this year but they have suffered oppression since the ottoman Empire s breakup after world War i also splintered their Homeland. Iraq reaped worldwide condemnation for flattening kurdish villages in the 1980s, and for chemical Gas attacks on kurd in 1988. Turkeys rulers outlawed the kurdish language in 1923, and in recent years it forcibly resettled Many kurd to dilute their culture. Human rights groups decried alleged torture of kurdish prisoners there. In 1991, Iraq s kurd were caught in the persian Gulf War fought iraqi troops and suffered turkish bombardment. Kurdish negotiations with Saddam Hussein a government yielded no notable results by years end. T he Outlook in Turkey was Rosier mostly due to peace overtures by Suleyman Demirel elected prime minister oct. 20. The kurd so Northern Iraq revolt began soon after the Gulf War ended feb. 28. Iraqi troops attacked towns held by lightly armed kurdish pesh Merga guerillas in late March shelling and dynamite no whole neighbourhoods. Some 1.5 million kurd fled to the mountains where Many died of hunger illness or exposure. The Bush administration criticized for having urged but not assisted the kurd so revolt ordered Relief supplies dropped to stranded refugees in the opening phase of operation provide Comfort. . And other coalition troops with air Force and Navy air cover went to the mountains to help kurd and organize a descent to transit Camps in the Security zone they occupied april 18 in Northern Iraq. The zone while Safe became a Center of demonstrations spying and Black Murk Clearing. Nonetheless the operations joint t ask Force Bravo commander maj. Gen. Jay Garner said later the coalition was Quot breaking new ground with the use of military  by Truid May. 21,701 troops including 1 1,93b americans were involved. Iraqi troops also abandoned a larger District near Iran leaving kurd guerilla groups in control of a no Man s land into which Iran later expelled refugees who had fled to its territory in March. Coalition ground troops left Iraq july 15. A seven nation 2,500-Man coalition ground Force stayed at the silo i Turkey Border Encampment until Early october then coalition rights from to Ciurlik a monitored the safety zone. When Battles erupted july 17 Between kurd and iraqi troops in Suleiman Yeh and Erbil 30,000 kurd fled toward Iran. Kurdish rebels clashed with troops throughout september. By october some 650,000 refugees still were homeless most in rugged Eastern Iraq. The United nations mounted an Effort to erect Winter shelters fighting dragged on and Iraq began an economic blockade of Kurdistan. On nov. 6, Saddam named a new defense chief Gen. Ali Hassan us Majid author of the Village ratings and Gas attacks. The t turkish kurd so year began badly too. T he . Embargo of Iraq Hurt them and 3 million people fled the Border area before the Gull War. Kurdish  party pkg terrorist attacks escalated after the War As did government repression. Turkish forces shot mourners july 10 at a kurdish activist s funeral sparking violence at Home and abroad. In August rebels abducted 18 germans and americans All escaped or were released unhurt. T he pkg also killed nine turkish soldiers in an aug. 4 Cross Border attack. Turkey then launched an air and land incursion into Iraq to Pound the pkg bombing suspected pkg bases. In october it staged similar raids which kurd said killed or injured Many civilians. On oct. 31. Turkey said it would set up a Mobile Horder Force to Stop terrorists. But in other ways the government was softening. Parliament approved limited use of kurd so language. After Demirel recognized kurd As a distinct minority on dec. 10, Parlia Meiy p Annex a special session on the kurdish question. So the pkg Independence fighters since 1984, suspended attacks until Spring